1. Continue filling out the pivot table on p. 13
2. Give reasons for the statement: “Among the various worms, annelids are the most highly organized”
Annelids for the first time have a secondary body cavity and the cellular structure of the skin. In internal structure the circulatory system appears. Excretory system represented by more developed metanephridia. Most ringlets are free-living, some have something like legs - parapodia. Everyone has bilateral symmetry. There are sense organs
3. Prove that the partitions present in the body of the annelid worm perform a protective function
Each segment of annelids is separated by a septum and has a full set of nerve ganglia, nephridia, annular vessels and gonads. If the integrity of one segment is violated, this affects the life of the worm to a small extent
4. List the structural features that help the rings move well in different environments a habitat
Some types of ringbills have parapodia and setae for locomotion. Those species that do not have parapodia have bristles or their body is covered with mucus for better gliding. The muscular system of all rings is represented by circular and longitudinal muscles
5. After studying the text of the paragraph, complete the diagrams
A) Digestive system ringlets
b) Nervous system of ringlets
c) Sense organs of rings
6. What happens if the ring body is divided into several parts?
Regeneration may occur and the worm will restore the lost parts. That is, asexual reproduction will occur
7. Is it possible sexual reproduction rings without forming a belt?
Maybe. Some polychaete worms, living in the seas and belonging to the type Annelids, reproduction occurs in water, fertilization is external. But in most ringlets, reproduction occurs with the help of a belt
8. How are the number of eggs laid related to the care of offspring?
There is a direct relationship between the number of eggs laid and care for the offspring. Some polychaetes lay a few eggs, and the female guards them. This means that Annelids are more advanced than previous types of worms
9. Name all possible ways of feeding polychaetes
Among polychaete worms there are predators that feed on small marine animals. There are omnivores that filter water and eat plants.
10. Complete the sentences
The development of polychaetes occurs with alternation of life forms. Their larvae do not resemble adults. Each life form performs different functions: reproduction, dispersal, self-preservation. Some polychaetes are observed caring for offspring
11. Finish the circuit
The meaning of polychaetes in nature
1. Filter the water
2. They are fish food
3. They feed on the remains of dead animals
12. What are the differences in the diet of polychaete and oligochaete worms?
Oligochaete worms feed organic substances from plant remains of the soil, and among polychaetes there are also predators, omnivores, and herbivores
13. What is common in the adaptations to endure unfavorable conditions among protozoa and oligochaetes?
To withstand unfavorable conditions, many protozoa form a cyst, and oligochaetes form a protective capsule, and enter diapause. These formations are similar in their functions
14. Using the text and pictures in the textbook, study the structure earthworm and then do laboratory work No. 3 " External structure earthworm." Draw a drawing of an earthworm, marking the anterior and posterior ends of the body, segments, girdle, and bristles.
Draw a conclusion about what structural features allow worms to lead an underground lifestyle
Conclusion: The primary body cavity is supporting. It contains a liquid that gives the worm's body elasticity.
15. List character traits leeches:
1) Constant number of body segments
2) The presence of suction cups for attachment to the victim’s body or substrate
3) Lack of bristles on the body
4) All leeches live in an aquatic environment
16. Name 2 types of food for leeches
17. Look at the pictures. Label what type and class these worms belong to
18. Having studied the text of the paragraph, explain why leeches are more sensitive than other worms to changes in environment
Leeches have a better developed nervous system
19. Is the statement true: “In dirty water, it is difficult for oligochaetes to breathe, but leeches feel good”?
The statement is not true. Leeches are very sensitive to the purity of water and die if it is polluted. Oligochaetes withstand water pollution and can live for a long time in such reservoirs
20. What happens if leeches stop producing hirudia?
Hirudin is necessary to prevent blood clotting on the wound of the victim and in the stomach of the leech itself. If it is not produced, the leech will not be able to feed, as the blood will clot
21. For what purpose are leeches bought at the pharmacy?
Leeches are used in medicine to reduce blood pressure in cases of hypertension and the threat of hemorrhage and stroke
22. Indicate the characteristics corresponding to each class of annelids
A - 1, 2, 8, 10, 16
B - 4, 6, 11, 12, 17
B - 3, 5, 7, 9, 14, 15
Crossword No. 1. "Worms"
1. Capsule
3. Polychaetes
4. Cavity
5. Chain
6. Oligochaetes
8. Breathing
Keyword: rings
Hirudin is a special substance, an enzyme contained in the saliva of leeches. This enzyme prevents blood clotting at the site of a leech bite and also acts as a pain reliever. Also, hirudin relieves inflammation.
Obviously, if the leech stops producing hirudin, the process of its absorption of blood will be difficult - the blood at the site of the bite will quickly clot, and the body itself, which has become the target of the leech, will actively try to get rid of the pest, as it will experience painful sensations .
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Biology is the science of living things and their interaction with the environment.
What happens if leeches stop producing hirudin?
Answers:
Hirudin, which leeches produce, helps them reduce the clotting of the blood they feed on (if medicinal). But if it is not there, then the bite of such a leech will not lead to the desired effect - the blood will simply clot faster and the leeches will be left “without food”
Hirudotherapy is treatment with leeches. The method in medicine is far from new, but how much do we know about it? In particular, how can it be dangerous for patients?
What is the method of hirudotherapy?
The essence of the hirudotherapy method is that the patient is covered with leeches. Although there are about 400 species of these blood-sucking worms in nature, only three of them are used for treatment: pharmaceutical, medicinal and oriental leeches, collectively called “medicinal leech”.
When a leech bites, their saliva enters the bloodstream, which contains more than 150 types of various enzymes and nutrients, the main one of which is hirudin. They thin the blood, dissolve existing cholesterol plaques and blood clots and prevent the formation of new ones, stopping inflammatory processes, restore proper blood and lymph circulation.
What diseases are treated with leeches?
The properties of leeches make it possible to actively use hirudotherapy to treat a number of diseases. These are cardiovascular, gynecological and urological ailments; diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, thyroid gland, spine and joints; problems in otolaryngology, dermatology, metabolism, eye pathology. This technique also acts as a sedative for various diseases of the nervous system, stress and insomnia. A couple of centuries ago, when medicine was not yet so developed, leeches were used to treat most diseases, especially those associated with blood stagnation.
Hirudotherapy can also be used for preventive purposes: to normalize the functioning of the entire body as a whole and increase immunity. It often speeds up the recovery process after serious illnesses. Hirudotherapy is also used in the field of cosmetology to combat overweight and cellulite. Many people claim that after hirudotherapy sessions they feel more alert, energetic and even younger.
What harm can hirudotherapy cause?
However, this method of treatment is by no means safe. First of all, you are at risk if you decide to conduct hirudotherapy sessions at home. Today, leeches are even sold in pharmacies, but they do not always have the appropriate certificate. The fact is that these may turn out to be wild leeches, caught somewhere unknown and passed off as medical ones, grown in special biofactories.
Wild leeches can carry serious diseases. It is better not to engage in such therapy at home at all, since there may be many nuances known only to doctors. And, of course, before using hirudotherapy, you must carefully consult with your doctor.
You should not use leeches if you have poor blood clotting, anemia, a tendency to bleed, malignant tumors, or damaged skin. Some people may also be allergic to leeches. Some experts believe that hirudotherapy is contraindicated during pregnancy.
In addition, as a result of hirudotherapy, patients may experience consequences in the form of bleeding, dermatitis, the formation of ulcers and suppuration. Pain may also occur both during and after the procedures.
There are also fundamental opponents of such treatment, who claim that hirudotherapy only removes symptoms and does not treat the causes of illnesses.
To reduce the probability negative consequences At a minimum, you need to contact an experienced hirudotherapist who has official documents confirming his qualifications.
The message Hirudotherapy: what is dangerous about treatment with leeches? appeared first on Smart.
1. Continue filling out the pivot table on p. 13.
2. Give reasons for the statement: “Among the various worms, annelids are the most highly organized.”
For the first time, annelids have a secondary body cavity and the cellular structure of the skin. A circulatory system appears in the internal structure. The excretory system is represented by more developed metanephridia. Most ringlets are free-living, some have something like legs - parapodia. Everyone has bilateral symmetry. There are sense organs.
3. Prove that the partitions present in the body of the annelid worm perform a protective function.
Each segment of annelids is separated by a septum and has a full set of nerve ganglia, nephridia, annular vessels and gonads. If the integrity of one segment is violated, this affects the life of the worm to a small extent.
4. List the structural features that help rings move well in different habitats.
Some types of ringbills have parapodia and setae for locomotion. Those species that do not have parapodia have bristles or their body is covered with mucus for better gliding. The muscular system of all rings is represented by circular and longitudinal muscles.
5. After studying the text of the paragraph, complete the diagrams.
a) Digestive system of ringlets
b) Nervous system of ringlets
c) Sense organs of rings
6. What happens if the ring body is divided into several parts?
Regeneration may occur and the worm will restore the lost parts. That is, asexual reproduction will occur.
7. Is it possible for sexual reproduction of ringlets without the formation of a girdle?
Maybe . In some polychaete worms living in the seas and belonging to the phylum Annelids, reproduction occurs in water, fertilization is external. But in most ringlets, reproduction occurs with the help of a belt.
8. How are the number of eggs laid related to the care of offspring?
There is a direct relationship between the number of eggs laid and care for the offspring. Some polychaetes lay a few eggs, and the female guards them. This means that Annelids are more advanced than previous types of worms.
9. Name all possible ways of feeding polychaetes.
Among polychaete worms there are predators that feed on small marine animals. There are omnivores that filter water and eat plants.
10. Complete the sentences.
The development of polychaetes occurs with alternation of life forms. Their larvae do not resemble adults. Each life form performs different functions: playback, resettlement, self-preservation. Some polychaetes are observed caring for offspring.
11. Complete the diagram.
The meaning of polychaetes in nature:
1. Filter the water.
2. They are fish food.
3. They feed on the remains of dead animals.
12. What are the differences in the diet of polychaete and oligochaete worms?
Oligochaete worms feed on organic matter from plant remains of the soil, and among polychaetes there are also predators, omnivores, and herbivores.
13. What is common in the adaptations to endure unfavorable conditions among protozoa and oligochaetes?
To withstand unfavorable conditions, many protozoa form a cyst, and oligochaetes form a protective capsule, and enter diapause. These formations are similar in their functions.
14. Using the text and pictures of the textbook, study the structure of an earthworm, and then complete laboratory work No. 3 “External structure of an earthworm.” Draw a drawing of an earthworm, marking the anterior and posterior ends of the body, segments, girdle, and bristles. Draw a conclusion about what structural features allow worms to lead an underground lifestyle.
15. List the characteristic features of leeches:
- Constant number of body segments (33).
- The presence of suction cups for attachment to the body of the victim or substrate.
- Lack of bristles on the body.
- All leeches live in an aquatic environment.
16. Name 2 types of food for leeches.
17. Look at the pictures. Label what type and class these worms belong to.
18. After studying the text of the paragraph, explain why leeches are more sensitive than other worms to changes in the environment.
Answer: Leeches have a better developed nervous system.
19. Is the statement true: “In dirty water it is difficult for oligochaetes to breathe, but leeches feel good”?
The statement is not true. Leeches are very sensitive to the purity of water and die if it is polluted. Oligochaetes withstand water pollution and can live for a long time in such reservoirs.
20. What happens if leeches stop producing hirudia?
Answer: Hirudin is necessary to prevent blood clotting on the wound of the victim and in the stomach of the leech itself. If it is not produced, the leech will not be able to feed, as the blood will clot.
21. For what purpose are leeches bought at the pharmacy?
Answer: Leeches are used in medicine to reduce blood pressure in case of hypertension and the threat of hemorrhage and stroke.
22. Indicate the characteristics corresponding to each class of annelids.
Answer:
A - 1, 2, 8, 10, 16
B - 4, 6, 11, 12, 17
B - 3, 5, 7, 9, 14, 15
Let's write down the answers to crossword No. 1.
Answers:
1. Capsule
2. Belt
3. Polychaetes
4. Cavity
5. Chain
6. Oligochaetes
7. Tapeworm
8. Breathing
Keyword: rings
To add a good answer you need:
- Answer reliably those questions to which you know the correct answer;
- Write in detail so that the answer is comprehensive and does not prompt additional questions;
- Write without grammatical, spelling and punctuation errors.
You shouldn't do this:
- Copy answers from third-party resources. Unique and personal explanations are well appreciated;
- Answer not to the point: “Think for yourself”, “Easy”, “I don’t know” and so on;
- Using swear words is disrespectful to users;
- Write in UPPER CASE.
Any doubts?
Didn't find a suitable answer to your question or is there no answer? Use the site search to find all the answers to similar questions in the Biology section.
Having trouble with homework? Don't be shy to ask for help - feel free to ask questions!
Biology is the science of living things and their interaction with the environment.
Answer or solution 1
Hirudin is a special substance, an enzyme contained in the saliva of leeches. This enzyme prevents blood clotting at the site of a leech bite and also acts as a pain reliever. Also, hirudin relieves inflammation.
Obviously, if the leech stops producing hirudin, the process of its absorption of blood will be difficult - the blood at the site of the bite will quickly clot, and the body itself, which has become the target of the leech, will actively try to get rid of the pest, as it will experience painful sensations .
Hirudin, which leeches produce, helps them reduce the clotting of the blood they feed on. But if it is not there, then the bite of such a leech will not lead to the desired effect - the blood will simply clot faster and the leeches will be left “without food” and die.