There is probably not a single city that does not have public gardens, parks, and boulevards. They are like green islands in the city. Here, as in the forest, the grass turns green, trees grow, birds sing. Only everything is arranged for people.
Once upon a time, when architects created beautiful palaces and castles, they tried to decorate the area adjacent to the building. The architect worked with the gardener to create a unique style and atmosphere in the park.
Gatchina Park
At the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries. many palace parks lost their court character and turned into public places where anyone could come, provided they had a decent suit. And such public parks acquired new names - boulevards. They arose in many cities, usually near market squares, on the site of hidden city fortresses. This is how the Moscow Boulevard Ring and the Alexander Garden appeared. Gradually, the boulevards turned into a favorite walking place for the common people. But in most Russian cities, palace city parks, squares and boulevards are still preserved.
Exercise: Draw your own image of the park. This could be a park for fairy-tale heroes, a fun children's park or an ancient one (at the students' choice). 
Lesson 10
PARKS, SQUARES, BOULEVARDS
The purpose of the lesson:
Introducing children to the world of art through knowledge of the surrounding objective world, its artistic meaning.
Lesson objectives:
Draw children's attention to the mood that helps artists create the look of a children's or ancient park.
To give students an idea of the elements of the park.
Create a creative atmosphere in the classroom that promotes the development of children's culture.
Material and tools:
paper, gouache, brushes.
Visual range: presentation, illustrations from the book, student work.
Musical series:– music by L. Beethoven
During the classes
1. Organizational moment
Checking students' readiness for the lesson.
2. Explanation of new material
Hello guys! I would like to start our lesson with some wonderful lines.
Marveling, he sees below him,
How it came together in a small space
Everything is for the delight of man,
What is the best thing that nature has produced?
And even more: heaven on earth!
D. Milton
In the last lesson we talked about architectural monuments. Let's remember what they carry within themselves, what they tell us about. (Children's answers).
But not only architectural monuments and houses decorate cities, but also places where you can relax your soul. There is probably not a single city that does not have public gardens, parks, and boulevards. SLIDE 1
They are like green islands in the city. Here, as in the forest, the grass turns green, trees grow, birds sing. Only everything is arranged for people.
Let's find out guys how it all began and look into the history of the creation of the parks.
SLIDE 2
Once upon a time, when architects created beautiful palaces and castles, they tried to decorate the area adjacent to the building. The architect worked with the gardener to create a unique style and atmosphere in the park. Previously, each park was a private property, and only guests invited by the owner of the palace could stroll along the picturesque paths and alleys of the park. SLIDE 3
At the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries. many palace parks lost their court character and turned into public places where anyone could come, provided they had a decent suit. And such public parks acquired new names - boulevards. They arose in many cities, usually near market squares, on the site of hidden city fortresses.
SLIDE 4
This is how the Moscow Boulevard Ring and the Alexander Garden in Moscow appeared.
SLIDE 5
Alexandrovsky Garden - park in the center Moscow . The date of foundation is considered to be 1812 on the site of the river Neglinnaya . The Alexander Garden has always been and remains a favorite walking place for Muscovites and guests of the capital. You can take walks along three alleys, laid parallel to the Kremlin wall and Manezhnaya Square. Many types of trees (linden, maple, blue spruce) and ornamental shrubs(lilac, jasmine, bird cherry, acacia, hawthorn), blooming in different time of the year. A two-hundred-year-old oak tree has been preserved in the garden. In spring and summer there are magnificent flower beds of tulips and roses.
There are many historical objects in the garden - Kutafya tower of the Kremlin, Italian grotto, Obelisk for the 300th anniversary of the House of Romanov.
The Governor's House and the Governor's Garden park museum also appeared in Yaroslavl. SLIDE 6
It was built in 1823. All the royal persons from Alexander visited here I to Nicholas II . Currently, this is not only an architectural landmark of Yaroslavl - now there is an art exhibition here.
Park-museum named after A.K. Tolstoy.SLIDE 7
Park Museum named after A.K. Tolstoy - one of the oldest parks in the city Bryansk . Small in area, located in the historical center of the city. Bears the name of the famous Russian writer and playwrightAlexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy. Thanks to its unique collection of wooden sculptures, it is not only a place of relaxation, but also one of the most important city attractions; actively visited by residents and guests of the city
Now, finding ourselves in the park, we can see, as in those distant times, paths sprinkled with colored sand, flower beds and lawns of the most incredible shape, trees with an unusual haircut in the shape of a ball or a pyramid, admire the beauty of a fountain or marble sculptures. Man, as it were, subjugates nature and changes it. This is why parks are referred to as “green building.” The creators of the park must think through everything down to the smallest detail and design it as a complete ensemble. A park located inside the city provides a person with a pleasant opportunity to free himself from the excessive pressure of the city and relax in the lap of nature. Even poets sang the beauty of gardens and parks. There was a special world here where the human soul rested.
Guys, what other parks do you think there could be? (Children's).
What are the listed parks for?
(Ancient park - tells us about history. Children's park - intended for relaxation and entertainment for adults and children.) SLIDE 8
Children, think about how a children's park should be planned? What mood should it convey to people?
Let's take a close look at the illustrations depicting elements of park art. Everything in parks should be combined: both shape and color. What color scheme do you think the children's park should use? SLIDE 9, 10
Today we will play the role of architects and try to create our own children's park.
What else can you find in a children's park? SLIDE 11
I remind you once again about the rules of composition (linear and aerial perspective) and the color scheme of the work. We need to think about what kind of park it will be, where to place paths, benches, fountains, sculptures, and what shape they will be. Of course, human figures will help to enliven the atmosphere of the park. SLIDE 12-14
Draw your own image of the park. It could be a park for fairy-tale characters, a fun children's park.
4 Summary.
Choice best works(chosen by children), mini exhibition and discussion. Grading.
Fine art lesson
on the topic “Parks, squares, boulevards”
3. Foster interest in art, respect for the work of artists and architects, for one’s own small homeland, the desire to make your village more beautiful and diverse; independence, accuracy.
Material and tools: paper, gouache, brushes.
Visual range: presentation, illustrations from the book, student work.
Musical series: music by L. Beethoven.
During the classes
1. Organizational moment. Derivation of the topic. (Slide 1)
Close your eyes. Listen and mentally enter the picture that appears to you. What will you see... (poems are heard against the background of music)
Oh, Tsarkoye Selo garden, will I forget you?
I was enlivened by your magical beauty
My naughty fantasy... (Anton Delvig)
What did you see?
In the past, poets called parks gardens.
What do you think of when you hear the words park, square? (paths, flower beds, lawns, trees, etc.)
What do you think is the topic of the lesson?
Yes, the topic of the lesson: “Parks, squares and boulevards” (Slide 2)
Where are the parks? (in cities)
What are they needed for?
Problem.
Do we have parks?
Have but few. Do you want to decorate our village with parks? Today you will fantasize, design a corner of a park or square.
Today you are architects! We will create park projects for our native village of Belozerskoye!
What do you need to know for this?
2. Explanation of new material. A) Comparison of the concepts park, square, boulevard
Are a square and a park the same thing?
No! Park - an open green area intended for recreation (Slide 3)
A square is a landscaped and landscaped area inside a residential building. (Slide 4)
--Who creates the parks? Architects and artists! (Gardeners and landscape designers deal only with landscaping)
B) Historical information about the parks. Teacher's story. (Slide 4.5)
Once upon a time, when architects created beautiful palaces and castles, they tried to decorate the area adjacent to the building. The architect worked with the gardener to create a unique style and atmosphere in the park. Previously, each park was a private property, and only guests invited by the owner of the palace could stroll along the picturesque paths and alleys of the park.
At the turn of the XVIII-XIX centuries. many palace parks lost their court character and turned into public places where anyone could come, provided they had a decent suit. And such public parks acquired new names - boulevards. They arose in many cities, usually near market squares, on the site of hidden city fortresses. Gradually, the boulevards turned into a favorite walking place for the common people.
Generalization. There is probably not a single city that does not have public gardens, parks, and boulevards. They are like green islands in the city. Here, as in the forest, the grass turns green, trees grow, birds sing. Only everything is arranged for people. They decorate cities and villages, places where you can rest your soul.
C) Acquaintance with the elements of park art.
Work in pairs.
What can you see in the park? (children's answers)
How would you call it all in one word? (elements of park art)
Let's call them again (Slides 6,7,8,9,10)
Why do they talk about parks as “green building”? Maybe these are forest corners? How are parks different from forests?
Generalization.
The person seems to subjugates nature, changes it. This is why parks are referred to as “green building.” The creators of the park must think through everything down to the smallest detail and design it as a complete ensemble: where the benches will be located, what paths, fountains, what shape, etc.
D) Types of parks. Working with the textbook.
Each park has its own purpose, your image.
What kind of parks could there be? Look at page 54, add! What kind of parks could there be?
(Parks-museums, Victories - to perpetuate the memory of heroes, solemn.
The ancient park tells us about history.
Children's park - intended for recreation and entertainment of adults and children).
(Slides 11,12,13)
Are the elements in the parks the same? (No)
Each park has its own purpose, its own image, and therefore the elements are different.
(Slides 14,15,16,17)
Everything in the parks must be combined: shape, elements, and color - everything must correspond to the look of the park.
3. Physical exercise. They came to the park, moved around, ran, and jumped. Myopia: draw the sun, a bench, a tree, a fountain, a winding path with your eyes.
4. Practical work.
So what do you need to consider when designing? (1.View of the park! 2.Elements of park art. 3.Color.)
You are architects!
Now each of you will create your own park project for our village, you will choose the one you like. We need to think through and fantasize: what kind of park it will be, where to place paths, benches, fountains, sculptures in it and what shape they will be. Try to take into account: appearance, elements, color! Good luck!
4. Lesson summary. Exhibition of works. Reflection.
How did you feel when you created the project? Where will your park be located? How is he unusual? What does art teach us? (See what others don’t see, imagine, fantasize, look closely at life!
5. Homework . Observe elements of park art. If desired, create a different type of park.
Sections: MHC and ISO
Theme of the quarter.“Art on the streets of your city.”
Program: Nemensky B. M. Fine arts and artistic work. M.: Education, 2006.
Lesson type. Summarizing the material studied.
Type of work. Working with paper.
Form of work. Work in groups.
Target. To form an idea of art on the streets of the city (architectural compositional aesthetics of parks, squares, boulevards and squares of the city of Krasnoyarsk).
Tasks:
- – generalize students’ knowledge about composition (plot-compositional center, the law of contrasts, the integrity of the composition);
- – develop the ability to design parks, squares, boulevards, squares made of paper;
- - develop Creative skills in paper construction;
- – cultivate a love of culture native land, careful attitude to nature, cultural monuments architecture, sculpture.
Equipment: computer with media capabilities.
Visual range: slides of fountains, lanterns, fences, park decorations, quarter and lesson themes on slides; fragment of the film “Stories of Krasny Yar” - “City Garden”; words “architect”, “composition”, table of contrasts; compositions with a displaced compositional center; signal cards – “sun” for self-assessment; models of fences, lanterns, trees.
Musical series: Granger P. “Country Gardens.”
Materials: album paper, colored paper, paints, glue.
Tools: scissors, pencil, ruler, brush.
During the classes
I. Organizational moment.
1. Checking students' readiness for the lesson.
II. Immersion in the topic of the lesson.
- Guys! Notice what kind of items are on our table?
(lanterns, fences, trees)
– Why do you think they are in our lesson today? (since we spent the entire quarter creating models, lanterns, fences, trees)
– What topic are we working on this quarter?
(slide show No. 1 “Art on the streets of your city.”
– What cultural attractions of the city did we talk about at previous
lessons? (Parks, squares, boulevards, squares)
– Are our layouts connected with parks, squares, boulevards, squares? (Yes, since we can use our models to build parks, squares, boulevards, squares)
1. Justification of the lesson problem.
Show slide number 2. Reading the text.
- Get outside! You will see here a variety of buildings, shop windows, cars, lanterns, openwork fences and much more.
All this together makes up the face of the city, its image.
– Who creates the image of the city? (artist)
– Who creates parks, squares, boulevards, squares? (architects)
– Please note that the word architect is placed on the board.
– In what mood do architects create parks, squares, boulevards, squares? (good)
– And if you are architects, what mood will you be in when you work? (good)
– How do we know what each of you has? good mood? (by the sun)
- Guys! We told you that parks, squares, boulevards and squares are created by architects.
– Can one of you name the topic of our lesson?
2. The topic of the lesson, its voicing.
(“Architecture of parks, squares, boulevards andareas.")
– When you watched the slides with the title of the topic quarters, then we saw the city. Name it?
(Krasnoyarsk – slide No. 3.)
– What should an architect know when creating parks, squares, boulevards, squares?
– Who are they for? (children, adults, youth)
– So what kind of parks are there? (children, youth)
– What do people do in parks? (resting)
– We call this park...? (leisure park)
– Which park would you like to relax in?
- Why?
III. Summarizing the material studied.
1. Compositional solution for parks, squares, boulevards, squares.
– What should an architect know when placing recreational items in a park, square, boulevard, square? (composition)
– Do you remember how this word is spelled?
It is posted on the board.
– What do we call composition?
(Composition. Beautiful arrangement.)
– Tell me, where is the composition on my table and where is it not?
If an architect builds a park, he must remember that the park has a center, an edge.
– What can be the main element in the composition?
(The most a big tree, the most beautiful tree, sculpture, fountain.)
Krasnoyarsk is also famous for its fountains. Today it is difficult to count how many fountains there are in the city: large and small, simple and complex, with music and lights. Krasnoyarsk ranks second in Russia, after Peterhof, in terms of the number of fountains. They say their number is close to 150.
The most favorite fountains of the townspeople are, of course, the fountains on Theater Square: the amazingly beautiful color and musical City Fountain (slide number 4) and the Cascade Fountain “Rivers of the Region” opened for the 375th anniversary of the city (slide number 5).
At the intersection of Surikov Street and Mira Avenue there is an amazing corner with a very cute small fountain “St. Petersburg Bridge” (slide number 6).
The newlyweds of Krasnoyarsk have a tradition: on their wedding day they come to this fountain in the very heart of the city. If the groom carries the bride across the bridge in his arms, then the future family life it will turn out happily.
At the intersection of Mira Avenue and Perenson Street there is another “Adam and Eve” fountain. (slide number 7)
There is a second name that the Krasnoyarsk residents gave to their favorite composition - “Valentin and Valentina”.
And here is a sculpture of a boy by the fountain (slide number 8) on the Avenue named after the newspaper Krasnoyarsky Rabochiy, opposite the Badgey store, they are cleaning up for the winter. Well, in the summer it is very difficult to imagine this square without the “Running Boy” fountain, which embodies the idea of youth and happiness.
The bridgehead square was decorated with a magnificent fountain “The Rape of Europa” (slide number 9). The name is mysterious and unusual.
The mythological Zeus brought the kidnapped beauty Europa to the banks of the Yenisei.
In 2004, another picturesque corner appeared in Krasnoyarsk - Justice Square, decorated with sculpture and an original illuminated fountain. (slide number 10). The goddess of justice Themis was cast in bronze and brought before the regional court.
The fountains called “Granite Balls” amaze with their originality and unusualness. (slide no. 11,12). It’s hard to believe that such a ball weighs three tons. Such balls can be seen on Mira Avenue and Bridge Square.
– A fountain is one of the main elements of the composition, but what will be the secondary elements of the composition? (small trees, shrubs, flowers, fences) (slides No. 13,14,15)
– What else is there in the parks? (paths, flower beds, lanterns) (slides No. 16,17,18,19,20,21)
– In November 2010, the street lamp will turn 280 years old.
Unusual compositions appeared on the streets of Krasnoyarsk. (slides No. 22,23)
2. Watching a fragment of the film.
And in Krasnoyarsk there is the oldest park, which Krasnoyarsk residents love and appreciate very much. It is called the city garden.
What is the garden on my table made of (model of the green area)
– What are all the parts made of? (from paper)
IV. Safety precautions when working with tools.
– What tools did you use to make the parts of the park?
(scissors, pencil)
– What should we remember when working with these tools? (safety precautions...)
V. Emphasis on work in groups.
– Now each group will become architects and create a park for the city of Krasnoyarsk.
The park should be very cozy. Each group sets up its own clearing for relaxation.
You need to plant trees and shrubs, place lanterns, fences, gates, benches so that when looking at the clearing from above, we would see a successful composition.
VI. Relaxation.
- Now, guys, stand up and straighten up! Let's pretend we're ice sculptures.
We stand gracefully, with our heads held high, just like wooden soldiers. Our bodies are strong.
The sun has come out, its rays are getting hotter and hotter. We are starting to melt. First the head falls..., shoulders..., arms. The ice we are made of is slowly melting. Our legs sag and we squat smoothly. Well, a cold wind has risen and is blowing on us: f-f-u... .
We become slim and straight again.
- Sit down!
– Now you have rested and can get to work.
VII. The sound of music.
– When is the mood in the park good? (When beautiful music plays)
– In parks where people relax, wonderful music always sounds.
– And there will be music in our parks.
VIII. Practical work in groups.
IX. Reflection.
1. Exhibition of parks and their demonstration.
- Guys! Maybe one of the architects is already ready to demonstrate their park composition?
2. Self-assessment.
– What kind of sun will shine over your park clearings?
– What is your mood in class today?
– When is a student in a good mood? (when it receives a “5”)
- Let's see who gives themselves what rating? Take the sun and glue it to the board.
- Sit down!
- Well done! You worked very well today!
– Did you like working in class?
– What did you like?
X. Lesson summary.
With your work in the lesson, you helped the architects of our native land improve the parks of the city of Krasnoyarsk.
Siberians love their city, treat it with care, and compose songs and poems.
(Slide No. 24).
XI. Homework.
– For the next lesson, look at the cars that are found on the streets of the city and village.
If possible, bring magazines and postcards about cars.
Topic: Parks, squares, boulevards. Park landscape.
The purpose of the lesson: Introduce the planning and creation of parks; give an idea of the emotional and figurative nature of parks for various purposes; familiarize yourself with the components of the park according to plan: paths, trees, lawns, flower beds, fountains, monuments, fences, bridges, gates, lanterns; develop children's imagination, creative imagination, eye; cultivate hard work and perseverance .
Tasks:
Educational: To give students an idea of the elements of the park.
Developmental: Create a creative atmosphere in the classroom that is conducive to the development of children’s culture.
Educational: cultivate hard work and perseverance.
Planned results for the student:
Personal: Respect for the culture of one’s own people and the art of other peoples. Understanding the role of culture and art in the life of society and every person.
Subject: They will learn to compare and analyze parks, squares, boulevards from the point of view of different purposes and structures; aesthetically perceive the park as a single, holistic artistic ensemble. They will master the techniques of depicting a park ensemble.
Metasubject:
Regulatory: adequately perceive teachers’ suggestions; correlate the correctness of execution and the result of actions with a specific task.
Cognitive: Reveal the features of a natural image. Search and highlight the necessary information; identify features of the image of various decorative elements in nature; observe and learn to see decorations in nature; find options for solving artistic and creative problems.
Communicative: discuss and analyze their own artistic activity and the work of classmates from the perspective of creative tasks and in terms of content and means of expression.
Homework:
Conceptual apparatus: Park landscape. Park, square, boulevard.
Equipment: For the teacher: ICT and teaching aids: Presentation.
Visual range: student work on the topic, presentation on the topic.
Musical series:
gouache, watercolor, paper
Planned creative activities of students.
image of a park landscape.
During the classes
1Organizational moment and introduction to the lesson.
2Updating knowledge. Repetition.
- In the last lesson we talked about natural monuments.
What are called natural monuments?
What natural monuments of our city can you name? Slide 1.
Lake Tinaki. Hillock "Devil's Settlement". Barn Batu. Astrakhan Nature Reserve. Mount Big Bogdo is the only real mountain in Caspian lowland. Baskunchak - famous salt Lake. Slides 2-4.
3. Joint goal setting.
We continue the theme of the quarter “Art on the streets of your city.” Slide 5.
Get outside! You will see here a variety of buildings, shop windows, cars, lanterns, openwork fences and much more. All this together makes up the face of the city, its image. Slide 6.
The topic of the lesson is “Parks, squares, boulevards.” Slide 7.
What new things do you think we will learn today, what will we learn?
Generalization and goal formulation by the teacher.
4.Communication of new knowledge.
1. Working with the conceptual apparatus.
- Not only architectural monuments and houses decorate cities, but also places where you can relax your soul. There is probably not a single city that does not have public gardens, parks, and boulevards. They are like green islands in the city. Here, as in the forest, the grass turns green, trees grow, birds sing. Only everything is arranged for people.
Guys, what do we call a park, square, boulevard?
A park is an open area with natural or planted vegetation, alleys, and ponds intended for recreation, walking and playing.
Square, English – a small garden laid out in the city square.
Boulevard - walking alley or strip green spaces along the street, river bank, sea, lively with flower beds, small ponds, fountains, sculptures.
2. Parks, squares, boulevards of our city.
- What parks, squares and boulevards can you name in our city?
Now we will see what kind of parks there are in our city. After watching, you will have to answer the question what components are in parks and squares.
Slides 10-25.
Boulevard on Khalturina Street.
Brother's Garden.
Guzhvin Avenue. Monument to Peter the Great.
Arcadia Park.
Lenin Square.
Sea garden.
Heydar Aliyev Square. Monument to Heydar Aliyev.
Square "Victory Boulevard" on Savushkina Street.
What components are there in parks and squares?
Components of the park: paths, trees, lawns, flower beds, fountains, monuments, openwork fences, bridges, gates, lanterns, lamps.
In the park, we can see paths sprinkled with colored sand, flower beds and lawns of the most incredible shape, trees with an unusual haircut in the shape of a ball or pyramid, admire the beauty of a fountain or marble sculptures. Man, as it were, subjugates nature and changes it. This is why parks are referred to as “green building.” The creators of the park must think through everything down to the smallest detail and design it as a complete ensemble. A park located inside the city provides a person with a pleasant opportunity to free himself from the excessive pressure of the city and relax in the lap of nature. Even poets sang the beauty of gardens and parks. There was a special world here where the human soul rested.
3. How to depict an alley in the park. Rules of perspective.
Today we will depict a park landscape, an alley in a park or square. To do this, we need to understand how an alley or path in a park is depicted.
Slides 26-28.
Artists know the secrets of drawing.
For example:
1) The rails converge at one point, although we know that they are parallel to each other.
2) Trees or figures of people standing in the distance seem smaller to us.
3) We perceive buildings or forests in the distance as flat.
A system of knowledge that helps to correctly depict objects located in space on a flat sheet, the way we see them in nature, is called PERSPECTIVE.
At the beginning of working on a drawing, you need to determine the position of the horizon.
The horizon line always lies at eye level of the observer.
What is a vanishing point?
All objects moving away from us converge at a point - the vanishing point. All objects become smaller as they move away.
Physical education minute.
- Now, guys, stand up and straighten up! Let's pretend we're ice sculptures.
We stand gracefully, with our heads held high, just like wooden soldiers. Our bodies are strong.
The sun has come out, its rays are getting hotter and hotter. We are starting to melt. First the head falls..., shoulders..., arms. The ice we are made of is slowly melting. Our legs sag and we squat smoothly. Well, a cold wind has risen and is blowing on us: f-f-u... .
We become slim and straight again.
- Sit down!
– Now you have rested and can get to work.
VII. The sound of music.
– When is the mood in the park good? (When beautiful music plays)
– In parks where people relax, wonderful music always sounds.
– And there will be music in our parks.
5 Planning, preparing and explaining tasks for practical work.
Explanation on the board of constructing an alley, path in the park.
6. Implementation of creative activities./Practical work of students. Self-control. Correction.
7. Lesson summary. Reflection.
Homework.
– For the next lesson, look at the cars that are found on the streets of the city and village.
If possible, bring magazines and postcards about cars.
– Thank you for the lesson!