"Tender May" refused to return the house sold to him
The Krasnogvardeisky District Court of the Stavropol Territory signed yesterday a ruling on the arrest and inventory of the property of a house in the village of Privolnoye, which Andrei Razin's studio "Tender May" bought in January 1993 from Mikhail Gorbachev's mother, Maria Pantileevna, for 30 thousand rubles. The court's verdict was issued to secure a claim to invalidate the sale and purchase transaction of a house. The statement of claim was filed by 82-year-old Maria Gorbacheva, who claimed that Andrei Razin took possession of her house by fraud.
The controversial brick house in the village of Privolnoye ((Shkolny lane, no. 1) was built in 1973 by a local collective farm for the parents of Mikhail Gorbachev. His mother lived in it for 20 years. In January 1993, Maria Pantileevna succumbed to the persuasion of the general director of the Studio company Tender May" by Andrei Razin and signed an agreement to sell him her house for 30 thousand rubles. Mr. Razin promised Maria Gorbacheva to pay an additional 5 million rubles for the building, and part of this amount (3 million rubles) was received in March. 1993 by her youngest son Alexander.
The mother of the former USSR president did not want to move to Moscow forever and agreed with Razin about her lifelong residence in the sold house. Later, this agreement was recorded in the “Tender May” guardianship agreement over Maria Gorbacheva. According to her lawyer Nikolai Gagarin, Razin deliberately forced an elderly, illiterate woman to sign such an agreement in order to create a scandalous situation by declaring in the press that Mikhail Gorbachev “abandoned” his mother. Three days after signing, the guardianship agreement was published in full in the regional Vedomosti with comments from Razin, who stated that Maria Pantileevna was starving, fainting, and the director of Tender May was buying her medicine in foreign currency pharmacies. Lawyer Gagarin, who traveled to Privolnoye, categorically denied all this information. He was convinced that “Tender May” did not fulfill any of the conditions of the guardianship agreement (to provide security, a gardener and a cook).
When Gorbachev's mother learned about the contents of the guardianship agreement she had signed, her health deteriorated sharply, and she was urgently hospitalized in the Kremlin hospital. Meanwhile, Andrei Razin, according to Gorbacheva’s neighbors, the Krotenko spouses, threw her things out of the house, “replaced the locks, ate all the chickens (70 heads), poisoned the dog.” Maria Gorbacheva's patience ran out and she decided to cancel the contract for the sale of the house. She did not know that “Tender May”, represented by his “representative” Nikolai Korzhikov, had already sold this house to Razin himself as to an individual- for 996 thousand rubles.
Nikolai Gagarin believes that the contract for the sale of the building to "Tender May" and the deal for its resale to Razin are illegal, since the latter "significantly misled Maria Gorbachev regarding his intentions and the scope of her rights to use the home ownership." In addition, guardianship under the Civil Code is established only over persons declared incompetent by the court, and Maria Gorbacheva is not such.
Andrei Razin disrupted the first court hearing on this matter, declaring that he would not appear in court until the fall, as he was busy purchasing agricultural equipment in Belarus for the Southern Farmers Association. The court postponed the case, prohibiting persons hired by Razin from being in the disputed house. This court ruling comes into force on Monday, but this week Razin said in a letter to Supreme Court that he would place armed guards in this house and give the command to “shoot to kill.” Kommersant will cover the progress trial.
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The German Der Spiegel received 30 thousand pages of documents from the archives of the President of the USSR
Mikhail Gorbachev, through whose efforts the great power the USSR was destroyed, has now lost the secrets kept in his personal archive of those times. The German weekly Der Spiegel came into possession of 30,000 pages of documents that were secretly copied from the archives of the first and last president of the USSR by the young Russian historian Pavel Stroilov, now living in London. He gained access to them while working at the Gorbachev Foundation, which is located in Moscow at Leningradsky Prospekt, 39. About 10,000 documents are stored there that Gorbachev took from the Kremlin when parting with power, says the article, the contents of which are provided by the website InoPressa.ru .
And Gorbachev kept these secrets from the public for good reason. Yes, Gorbachev used certain documents from the archive in his books, which “greatly annoyed the current Kremlin leadership,” the publication says. But “most of the papers still remain hidden,” and mainly because “they do not fit into the image that Gorbachev himself created for himself: the image of a purposeful, progressive reformer who, step by step, changes his huge country to his own taste.”
The documents obtained by Der Spiegel “reveal something that Gorbachev was very reluctant to make public: that he submitted to the flow of events in the dying Soviet state and often lost his orientation in the chaos of those days. And besides, he behaved duplicitously and, contrary to his own statements, from time to time teamed up with hardliners in the party and army. The Kremlin chief thus did what many statesmen do after resigning: he subsequently greatly embellished the portrait of the brave reformer.”
By the end of his inglorious reign, Gorbachev appears as a completely pathetic beggar, who humiliatingly asks Western “friends” to save him from the inevitably approaching collapse. By September 1991, the publication says, the economic situation of the USSR had become so desperate that Gorbachev, in a conversation with German Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher, had to “throw away all pride.” Talking with the future federal president, and at that time State Secretary of the German Ministry of Finance Horst Köhler, Gorbachev tried to remind him of his services to the world: “How much did our perestroika and new thinking save? Hundreds of billions of dollars for the rest of the world!
Ex-Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Helmut Kohl left a significant mark on Gorbachev’s archive. Kohl was “in great debt” to the Soviet leader, since Gorbachev did not interfere with the unification of Germany and its entry into NATO. At the same time, the Soviet leader, as evidenced by the publication in Der Spiegel, considered Kohl “not the greatest intellectual” and “an ordinary provincial politician,” although he had significant influence in the West. However, by 1991, Gorbachev’s faith in Kohl became “limitless” - apparently due to the desperate situation in which the leader of the USSR found himself at that time. In telephone conversations from that time, Gorbachev “complains and complains, these are the pleas of a drowning man for help,” writes Der Spiegel. With the help of Kolya, Gorbachev is trying to “mobilize” the West to save the USSR. In addition, he is looking for support against his “worst rival, Boris Yeltsin,” whom, as it soon becomes clear, both underestimate. “Gorbachev wants to continue to be accepted abroad as the head of a great power, but behind the scenes he is forced to beg,” notes the German weekly.
The archive obtained by Der Spiegel includes minutes of discussions in the Politburo and negotiations with foreign leaders, recordings of telephone conversations of the Soviet leader and even handwritten recommendations given to Gorbachev by his advisers - Vadim Zagladin and Anatoly Chernyaev. The latest documents from this list clearly show both the nature of the relationships that have developed within Gorbachev’s team and his lack of independence in decision-making.
Thus, in January 1991, “under pressure from the special services and the army,” Gorbachev agreed to an attempt to restore order in Lithuania, the publication Der Spiegel notes. Two days before the storming of the television center in Vilnius, which killed 14 people, Gorbachev assured US President George H. W. Bush that intervention would occur “only if blood is shed or riots break out that will threaten not only our Constitution, but also human lives." Gorbachev’s assistant Anatoly Chernyaev wrote a letter to his boss about this with the following content: “Mikhail Sergeevich! Your speech in the Supreme Council (regarding the events in Vilnius) meant the end. This was not a performance of significance statesman. It was a confused, hesitant speech... You obviously don’t know what people think about you - on the streets, in shops, in trolleybuses. There they only talk about “Gorbachev and his clique.” You said that you want to change the world, and with your own hands you are ruining this work.”
In general, the publication summarizes, the archive shows “how erroneously... [Gorbachev] assessed the situation and how desperately... he fought for his post.”
Gorbachev himself, of course, does not share this assessment of his activities as head of the Soviet state, as evidenced by the interview he gave that coincided with the publication of Der Spiegel ex-president USSR to the Austrian newspaper Die Presse (translation - InoPressa.ru). Here he regrets the collapse of the USSR, but continues to justify the “reforms” he undertook then: “ Soviet Union then needed modernization and democratization, and then the outdated model of Stalin, Khrushchev and Brezhnev, which worked through orders, control and party monopoly, collapsed.” No, this destroyer of the USSR does not admit that he threw out the baby with the bathwater.
Moreover, the man who blew great country, still considers it has the right not only to evaluate its current leaders, but even to give them recommendations. “I’m trying to give an objective assessment of events,” Gorbachev said, answering a journalist’s question about why he either praises or criticizes Putin. “During his first term in office, he managed to prevent the partial collapse of the country, so he already occupies a certain niche in history.”
Today, however, as during the years of his reign, the attitude towards the first president of the USSR remains ambiguous. Nevertheless, journalists still do not stop writing about the life of Mikhail Gorbachev, both past and present. Gorbachev’s pedigree is also of keen interest, especially his grandfather, whose name was Andrei Moiseevich.
Parents
Mikhail Gorbachev is a native of the Stavropol region of Ukraine. There, in the village of Privolnoye, he was born in 1931. His father Sergei Andreevich Gorbachev participated in the Great Patriotic War. At the front he was wounded more than once, for his service awarded the order Red Star and medal "For Courage". At one time he joined the party. All his life, Sergei Andreevich worked as a combine operator and tractor driver. From ordinary workers he managed to become a foreman.
Mikhail Sergeevich’s mother, Maria Panteleevna Gorbacheva, bore the surname Gopkalo as a girl. She also worked on a collective farm. She was an illiterate and religious woman. By at least, this is exactly how her contemporaries remembered her in Nikolai Zenkovich’s book “Mikhail Gorbachev. Life before the Kremlin." Until the end of her days, Maria Panteleevna lived in Privolny.
Maternal line
The parents of the president's mother also came from peasants. Gorbachev's grandfather Panteley Efimovich Gopkalo with the arrival Soviet power immediately took her side. Pantelei Efimovich took part in the creation of collective farms, the chairman of one of which he himself later became. However, these circumstances did not save Gopkalo from Stalin’s repressions. In 1937, he was arrested and accused of sabotage and membership in a Trotskyist organization. Gorbachev's grandfather was threatened with execution. Helped him escape death Lucky case. The fight against the so-called “excesses” began; the head of the GPU of the Krasnogvardeisky district, who initiated the arrest of Gopkalo, committed suicide. Pantelei Efimovich was acquitted and released.
The president's grandmother Vasilisa Lukyanovna, the wife of Pantelei Efimovich, bore the surname Litovchenko before her marriage. She was a religious woman. In her house next to Orthodox icons There were portraits of the leaders, Lenin and Stalin.
Paternal line
Unlike Pantelei Efimovich, the other grandfather of the General Secretary on his father’s side, Andrei Moiseevich Gorbachev, did not want to be part of the new Soviet system in any way and refused to join the collective farm. He chose to remain a sole proprietor. However, Andrei Moiseevich could not cope with the norms, for which he was convicted in 1934. Gorbachev was sent to work in the Irkutsk region, cutting down forests. He returned home and immediately expressed a desire to move from individual peasants to collective farmers. He worked on the collective farm until the end of his days.
Mikhail Gorbachev's great-grandfather's name was Moses Andreevich Gorbachev. It was he who at one time transported the family from Voronezh province in the Stavropol Territory. In the book of memoirs “Life and Reforms,” the President of the USSR argued that the resettlement of Moisei Andreevich, his wife Stepanida and three sons occurred against the will of his great-grandfather. However, historian Anatoly Kozhemyakin in his article “Moses Gorbachev was our fellow countryman” (information portal “Commune”) refutes this point of view. He writes that according to his calculations, Moisei Andreevich was born in the second half of XIX century, when no one was forcibly sent to the Stavropol Territory.
Today, many journalists more often call Andrei Razin not a producer, but the second Ostap Bender. He never graduated from cultural education school. But the lack of education, which at that time existed in Razin’s biography, did not prevent young man understand that “Tender May” can bring considerable income.
In promoting the group, Razin was helped by an imaginary relationship with Mikhail Gorbachev. And a few years later, Andrei Alexandrovich met in court with the mother of the first president of the USSR.
"Adoptive" grandmother
First of all, it is worth mentioning that Andrei Razin comes from Stavropol, where, as you know, Mikhail Gorbachev was born. In Stavropol, Razin entered the cultural and educational school, but never finished it. After serving in the army, he returned to his native land, where for about 2 years he worked as deputy chairman of a collective farm located in the village of Privolnoye.
It was then that Razin introduced himself for the first time as Gorbachev’s nephew in order to get some equipment for the collective farm. Then he used this legend many more times, trying to promote his new group “Tender May”.
Even when he was already famous, Razin from time to time visited the village of Privolnoye, Stavropol Territory, to visit his named grandmother Valentina Gosteva. He met her when he worked as deputy chairman of a local collective farm. Mikhail Gorbachev’s mother, Maria Panteleevna, also lived there, in Privolny. Andrei Alexandrovich became friends with her too. Razin was very sociable.
Custody agreement
In 1993, Andrei Razin, being on good terms with Maria Panteleevna Gorbacheva, persuaded her to sell her only house in Privolnoye. The old lady signed the contract. Why Gorbachev decided to make this deal, and where Mikhail Sergeevich himself was at that moment, history is silent.
However, in Nikolai Zenkovich’s book “Mikhail Gorbachev. Life before the Kremlin” quotes the words of a certain Kaznacheev, who claimed that the president rarely visited his mother; his son did not visit her even when he was in the Stavropol region on business. Razin himself has repeatedly stated through the media that Gorbachev does not care about his mother at all.
However, according to some reports, Maria Panteleevna was going to move to Moscow, to be with her son. But then she changed her mind and agreed with Razin that she would live in the house she had already sold until the end of her days. A custody agreement was concluded between the parties.
The house was returned, but not to the mother. However, this agreement soon became the subject of a dispute in one of the courts of the Stavropol Territory. Lawyers for Gorbachev and his mother argued that the deal should be considered illegal, since Maria Panteleevna was an illiterate and generally gullible woman, which Andrei Alexandrovich did not take advantage of.
In addition, guardianship, according to the law, can only be established over an incompetent person, which Gorbachev never was.
Apparently, because of this whole story, the health of Maria Panteleevna, who was already at a fairly advanced age, had deteriorated. The old woman even had to be hospitalized. Also in 1993, Gorbachev died. After her death, Razin nevertheless returned the house to Mikhail Sergeevich.
The authorities of his native village banned the opening of the Mikhail Sergeevich museum
The first and last President of the USSR celebrated his 85th birthday. For the anniversary of Mikhail GORBACHEV, a museum was supposed to open in the Stavropol village of Privolnoye. A fellow villager of the former Secretary General, founder of the group “Tender May” Andrei RAZIN, was going to exhibit in the house that once belonged to the Gorbachev family a huge archive that he inherited from Mikhail Sergeevich’s mother. However, due to a ban from local authorities, the ceremony did not take place.
Upset, Razin revealed to Express Gazeta one of the secrets of the sensational exhibition.
I will say this: I will definitely open the museum as soon as the head of the village administration changes. Then Privolnoye will receive thousands of tourists.
- How did the Gorbachev family archive come into your possession? Many people don’t believe that it even exists.
My grandmother, Valentina Mikhailovna, was friends with Mikhail Sergeevich’s mother, her neighbor Maria Panteleevna, all her life. When she got old, she began to look after her. Just imagine: since 1985, when he became Secretary General, Gorbachev has never visited his mother! Even when he drove around the Caucasus Helmut Kohl and was several kilometers from my father’s house, I still didn’t stop by. I was embarrassed by my mother, a collective farmer. He also didn’t send a penny of money. All her needs were provided by the collective farm.
In 1985, six people from the KGB came to the village with their wives and children. People were evicted from the private houses closest to Maria Panteleevna’s site, and they moved in there ready-made. They blocked the street with a barrier. No one except my grandmother was allowed through freely. And when the USSR ceased to exist and Gorbachev resigned, all six KGB officers fled a few days later. They abandoned Maria Panteleevna, who had diabetes, to the mercy of fate. Weighing 150 kilograms, she turned out to be completely helpless. My grandmother could no longer cope with her alone, and I sent her my guard to help her.
Hid books with Hitler's autograph from my mother
On September 15, 1992, Maria Panteleevna called to congratulate me on my birthday and during the conversation asked me to enter into a guardianship agreement with her, she continues Andrey Razin. “She cried, complained that Misha didn’t want to take her home, that only she and Valya were left. I left the laid table and my friends and went to Privolnoye. The head of the village and the secretary of the village council, who is also a notary, were waiting for me at home to conclude a guardianship agreement with Maria Panteleevna. She insisted that for the care that I would provide her, all property should be transferred to my name. Well, I didn't care as long as she didn't worry.
Gorbachev at that time flew to all countries and, as a laureate Nobel Prize peace, taught people about life. I took it and for some reason wrote in the Stavropol newspaper that I couldn’t care about fate globe a man who has forgotten his mother. A few days later, scandals began between us and trials began. But nothing worked out for Mikhail Sergeevich. We signed a settlement agreement only in 1995, after his family home and the entire archive became my property.
- So what was in the archive?Documents and 200 photographs. “Misha doesn’t need this, save it for posterity,” Maria Panteleevna asked me. I have already published many photos. But today I’m telling Express Newspaper first about one relic!
In a suitcase with Gorbachev's papers, I found three photo albums dedicated to the 1936 Olympics, with the seal of the Reich Chancellery and the signature Hitler. Maria Panteleevna said that Misha brought them when he worked as secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and worked on its archives. Somehow Gorbachev took the albums and hid them with his mother. There was also a German left-handed watch with a swastika and SS paraphernalia - crosses, embroidered shoulder straps, buttons. According to his mother, all this was left over from wartime: Misha found a dead German officer somewhere and skinned him like a stick.
So this is where his love for the Germans began?! Apparently, he was so worried about his action that he decided to atone for his guilt before Germany by handing over the entire eastern part of the country to the West Germans.
Half a kingdom for a stupid cross.
- What would you wish your fellow countryman for his birthday?
As a family member, I would like to wish him good health. Age is serious, but there is no need to be discouraged. He has good genes, if he throws less dirt on Russia, he will live for a long time.