Good day, dear reader! In this article we propose an essay on the topic ““. The following arguments will be used:
– Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, “The Little Prince”
– V.V. Mayakovsky, “Good attitude towards horses”
The world around us: trees, seas, rivers, mountains and valleys - everything belongs to nature, and we are part of it. Without nature, we would not exist, we would not even be able to breathe. From childhood, every child is taught to respect nature: water plants and feed animals. Each of us should remember this in adulthood: do not throw garbage on the street, treat natural resources with care, and avoid cruelty to animals. This is precisely the problem the author raises.
I completely agree with his position. Unfortunately, air pollution, fur coats and the very existence of the Red Book indicate man's irresponsible attitude towards nature.
In the work “The Little Prince” by the famous French writer Antoine De Saint-Exupéry, both children and adults will see an example of a surprisingly careful and careful attitude towards nature. The little prince lives alone on a small planet and every morning he puts his domain in order. There is an unconditional rule for him: “Get up in the morning, wash your face, put yourself in order - and immediately put your planet in order.” Main character cleans volcanoes and gets rid of harmful plants in her monastery so that nothing harms her. When a rose appears on the planet, the main character surrounds it with attention and care. Despite the capricious nature of the rose, the Little Prince treats it with all patience. The hero's attitude towards the nature of his home evokes respect.
V. Mayakovsky’s poem “Good attitude towards horses” describes the history of the horse. On a slippery pavement, a horse falls from fatigue, having not met any support from people. Nobody tries to help her... People watch and laugh. The author did not join the crowd, but walked up and looked into the horse’s eyes. The animal's helplessness and pain poured out in tears that rolled down, hiding in the fur. The author was struck by the melancholy in the animal’s gaze. He tried to mentally console and support the horse. As if sensing this, the mare “rushed, stood up, neighed and walked.” The support of one person helped the animal cope with the difficulty.
To sum up, we are all connected to nature by bonds of centuries-old strength. Our lives depend on her condition. By protecting nature, we also help ourselves. The task of man is to take care of what nature gives us with such generosity. The relationship between man and nature must be strong and harmonious, maintaining peace and tranquility.
Today we talked about the topic “ The problem of man's relationship to nature: arguments from literature“. You can use this option to prepare for the Unified State Exam.
Arguments for an essay on the Russian language.
Nature. Part 1.
The problem of nature, attitude towards nature, animals, struggle with the natural world, intervention in the natural world, the beauty of nature, the influence of nature on human character.
Is man the king of nature or a part? Why is consumerism towards nature dangerous? What can man's struggle with the natural world lead to? (V.P. Astafiev “Tsar Fish”)
Astafiev tells us an instructive story about a talented fisherman who has a natural flair that is useful for fishing. However, this hero also trades in poaching, exterminating countless fish. Through his actions, the hero causes irreparable damage to nature. The reason for these actions is not hunger. Utrobin acts this way out of greed.During one of these forays, a poacher catches a huge fish on his hook. Greed and ambition prevent the fisherman from calling his brother for help; he decides to catch a huge sturgeon at any cost. Over time, Ignatyich begins to go under water along with the fish. A turning point occurs in his soul, where he asks for forgiveness for all his sins before his brother, before the bride whom he offended. Having overcome greed, the fisherman calls his brother for help.
Ignatyich changes his attitude towards nature when he feels like the fish “tightly and carefully pressed against him with its thick and tender belly.” He understands that the fish is clinging to him because he is afraid of death just like him. He ceases to see in this living creature only a tool for profit. When the hero realizes his mistakes, liberation and cleansing of his soul from sins awaits him.
At the end of the story we see that nature has forgiven the fisherman and given him a new chance to atone for all his sins.
The struggle between Ignatyich and the king fish is a metaphor for the battle between man and nature, which takes place every day. By destroying nature, man dooms himself to extinction. By causing harm to nature, a person deprives himself of the environment of existence. By cutting down forests and destroying animals, man dooms himself to extinction.
This work also poses the question: can a person consider himself the king of nature. And Astafiev gives the answer: no, man is a part of nature, and not always the best. Only caring for nature can maintain the balance of life, the countless destruction of what gives us the world, can only lead to death. The pride of a person who imagines himself to be the “king of nature” only leads to destruction.
We need to love the world around us, exist in peace and harmony with it, respecting every Living being.
Man is the only living creature on Earth who is responsible for the destruction of nature. This is due to our tendency to overuse. As a result, changes occur climatic conditions, which are associated with global warming, pollution and.
Climate change was not so pronounced about 50 years ago. However, with the development of technology and the growing dependence of people on various benefits, they have become more tangible.
The growth of the planet's population, the desire for a luxurious life and the constant need for technological development have a negative impact on the environment. In addition, there are certain factors that regularly influence nature:
Rural farming
The impact of agriculture on nature varies depending on the range of agricultural practices used around the world. Ultimately, the impact on the environment depends on the farming system used by farmers. The influence of agriculture on the nature of the world is associated with many factors and depends on soil, water, air, and the diversity of flora and fauna. Some ecological problems issues related to agriculture include: climate change, deforestation, irrigation problems, pollution, soil degradation, etc.
Introduction and invasive species
The introduction of species into new areas, by any means and for any reason, has led to major and permanent changes in nature over large areas. Rats, cats and goats have revolutionized biodiversity on many islands. In addition, the introduction led to genetic changes in the local fauna, where interbreeding occurred, buffalo with livestock, or wolves with domestic dogs.
Energy industry
The impact of energy on the environment is diverse. Energy has been used by humanity for thousands of years, beginning with the use of fire for light, heat, cooking and protection.
Consumption of fossil fuel resources leads to global warming and climate change. In most parts of the world, little is being done to slow these changes. If more research is done into using viable alternative energy sources, our impact could be less hostile to nature.
Pollution
People pollute many natural objects, including air, water, soil, etc. This is explained by many types of human activities, such as transportation, electricity production, waste emissions, pollution of agricultural land, etc.
Pollution is harmful not only to people, but also to animals and plants. We can notice that many species of flora and fauna are disappearing from the face of the Earth.
Technologies
Although technology makes people's lives easier and more convenient, it poses a great threat to nature, which is caused by pollution, radiation hazards, exploitation natural resources etc.
Deforestation
Deforestation and widespread destruction of forest resources in order to increase agricultural land or urbanization are radically affecting the environment.
Thus, nature is exploited and environment beyond safe limits. As a result, wild animals end up in settlements and attack people. Deforestation reduces forest area and threatens wild species.
Excessive use of goods
Humanity uses more goods than is actually necessary. People have a tendency to own hundreds of pairs of leather shoes, wallets, belts, etc. All these items are made from leather and animal skins. Many wild animals are killed precisely because by-products, not meat. Thus, the unlimited desire for goods actually causes great pain and suffering in ordinary animals. Even tigers and elephants are killed in large quantities for their skins and tusks.
Artificial light
Artificial light at night is one of the most obvious physical changes that humans have made to the biosphere, and it is the most simple form pollution that can be observed from space. The main impacts of artificial lighting on nature are due to the use of light as a source of information (rather than a source of energy). Hunting efficiency against visual predators typically increases under artificial light, changing the location of animals in the food chain. Artificial light also affects the orientation, migration and hormone levels of animals, leading to disruption of circadian rhythms.
Mining work
The impact of mining on nature leads to erosion, the formation of drainage wells, loss of biodiversity, and contamination of soil, groundwater and surface water with chemicals during the mining process. In addition to creating environmental damage, pollution resulting from leakage chemical substances also affects the health of the local population.
Transport
The impact of transport on nature has great importance, since it is a major consumer of energy and burns most of the world's oil. This creates air pollution, including nitrogen oxides and particulate matter, and is also a significant factor global warming due to carbon dioxide emissions.
Writing an essay in the Unified State Exam is one of the most difficult stages for a future student. As a rule, testing part “A” does not present any problems, but many people have difficulties with writing an essay. Thus, one of the most common problems that are covered in the Unified State Exam is the problem careful attitude to nature. Arguments, their clear selection and explanation are the main task of a student taking an exam in the Russian language.
Turgenev I. S.
Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” is still very popular among both the younger generation and their parents. This is where the issue of caring for nature comes into play. Arguments in favor of the topic addressed are as follows.
The main idea of the work in the field of environmental protection is: “People forget where they were born. They forget that nature is their original home. It was nature that allowed the birth of man. Despite such profound arguments, every person does not pay due attention to the environment. But all efforts should be aimed at preserving it first and foremost!”
Bazarov's attitude to nature
The main figure here is Evgeny Bazarov, who is not concerned about caring for nature. This man’s arguments sound like this: “Nature is a workshop, and man is a worker here.” It is difficult to argue with such a categorical statement. Here the author shows a renewed mind modern man, and, as you can see, he succeeded perfectly! Nowadays, arguments in favor of protecting the environment are more relevant in society than ever!
Turgenev, in the person of Bazarov, presents to the reader a new man and his mind. He feels complete indifference to generations and all the values that nature can give to humanity. He lives in the present moment, does not think about the consequences, and does not care about man’s caring attitude towards nature. Bazarov’s arguments boil down only to the need to realize one’s own ambitious desires.
Turgenev. The relationship between nature and man
The above-mentioned work also touches on the problem of the relationship between man and respect for nature. The arguments given by the author convince the reader of the need to show concern for Mother Nature.
Bazarov completely rejects all judgments about the aesthetic beauty of nature, about its indescribable landscapes and gifts. The hero of the work perceives the environment as a tool for work. Bazarov's friend Arkady appears in the novel as the complete opposite. He treats with dedication and admiration what nature gives to man.
This work clearly highlights the problem of caring for nature; arguments in favor of a positive or negative attitude towards the environment are determined by the behavior of the hero. Arkady, through unity with her, heals his spiritual wounds. Eugene, on the contrary, strives to avoid any contact with the world. Nature does not give positive emotions to a person who does not feel peace of mind and does not consider himself a part of nature. Here the author emphasizes a fruitful spiritual dialogue both with oneself and in relation to nature.
Lermontov M. Yu.
The work “Hero of Our Time” touches on the problem of caring for nature. The arguments the author makes relate to life young man by surname Pechorin. Lermontov shows the close relationship between the mood of the protagonist and natural phenomena, the weather. One of the paintings is described as follows. Before the duel began, the sky seemed blue, transparent and clean. When Pechorin looked at Grushnitsky’s dead body, “the rays did not warm” and “the sky became dim.” The connection between internal psychological states and natural phenomena is clearly visible here.
The problem of caring for nature is addressed here in a completely different way. The arguments in the work show that natural phenomena depend not only on emotional state, but also become unwitting participants in events. So, a thunderstorm is the reason for the meeting and long meeting between Pechorin and Vera. Further, Grigory notes that “the local air promotes love,” meaning Kislovodsk. Such techniques show respect for nature. Arguments from the literature once again prove that this area is vital not only on the physical level, but also on the spiritual and emotional level.
Evgeny Zamyatin
Yevgeny Zamyatin’s vivid dystopian novel also shows a caring attitude towards nature. The essay (arguments, quotes from the work, etc.) must be supported by reliable facts. Thus, when describing a literary work called “We,” it is important to pay attention to the absence of a natural and natural beginning. All people give up a varied and separate life. The beauties of nature are replaced by artificial, decorative elements.
Numerous allegories of the work, as well as the suffering of number “O”, speak of the importance of nature in human life. After all, it is precisely such a beginning that can make a person happy, give him feelings, emotions, and help him experience love. It shows the impossibility of the existence of verified happiness and love using “pink cards”. One of the problems of the work is the inextricable relationship between nature and man, without which the latter will be unhappy for the rest of his life.
Sergey Yesenin
In the work “Go, my dear Rus'!” Sergei Yesenin touches on the problem of the nature of his native places. In this poem, the poet refuses the opportunity to visit paradise, just to stay and devote his life to his native land. Eternal bliss, as Yesenin says in his work, can only be found on his native Russian soil.
Here the feeling of patriotism is clearly expressed and the Motherland and nature are inextricably linked concepts that exist only in interrelation. The very realization that the power of nature can weaken leads to the collapse of the natural world and human nature.
Using arguments in an essay
If you use arguments from works of art, it is necessary to comply with several criteria for the presentation of information and presentation of material:
- Providing reliable data. If you do not know the author or do not remember the exact title of the work, it is better not to indicate such information in the essay at all.
- Present information correctly, without errors.
- The most important requirement is the brevity of the material presented. This means that sentences should be as succinct and short as possible, providing a complete picture of the situation being described.
Only if all the above conditions are met, as well as sufficient and reliable data, you will be able to write an essay that will give you the maximum number of exam points.
Passing the Unified State Exam is just a small test that every student will have to go through on their way to adulthood. Already today, many graduates are familiar with submitting essays in December, and then with passing the Unified State Exam in the Russian language. The topics that may come up for writing an essay are completely different. And today we will give several examples of what works can be taken as an argument “Nature and Man”.
About the topic itself
Many authors have written about the relationship between man and nature (arguments can be found in many works of world classical literature).
To properly address this topic, you need to correctly understand the meaning of what you are being asked about. Most often, students are asked to choose a topic (if we are talking about an essay on literature). Then there are several statements to choose from famous personalities. The main thing here is to read the meaning that the author introduced into his quote. Only then can the role of nature in human life be explained. You will see arguments from the literature on this topic below.
If we are talking about the second part of the exam paper in the Russian language, then here the student is given the text. This text usually contains several problems - the student independently chooses the one that seems easiest to him to solve.
It must be said that few students choose this topic because they see difficulties in it. Well, everything is very simple, you just need to look at the works from the other side. The main thing is to understand what arguments from the literature about man and nature can be used.
Problem one
Arguments (“The problem of man and nature”) can be completely different. Let's take such a problem as man's perception of nature as something living. Problems of nature and man, arguments from literature - all this can be put together into one whole, if you think about it.
Arguments
Let's take Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace. What can be used here? Let us remember Natasha, who, leaving the house one night, was so amazed by the beauty of peaceful nature that she was ready to spread her arms like wings and fly away into the night.
Let us remember the same Andrey. Experiencing severe emotional unrest, the hero sees an old oak. How does he feel about this? He perceives the old tree as a powerful, wise creature, which makes Andrey think about the right decision in his life.
At the same time, if the beliefs of the heroes of “War and Peace” support the possibility of the existence of a natural soul, then the main character of Ivan Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” thinks completely differently. Since Bazarov is a man of science, he denies any manifestation of the spiritual in the world. Nature was no exception. He studies nature from the point of view of biology, physics, chemistry and other natural sciences. However natural wealth does not inspire any faith in Bazarov - it is only an interest in the world around him, which will not change.
These two works are perfect for exploring the theme “Man and Nature”; it is not difficult to give arguments.
Second problem
The problem of man's awareness of the beauty of nature is also often found in classical literature. Let's look at the available examples.
Arguments
For example, the same work by Leo Tolstoy “War and Peace”. Let's remember the first battle in which Andrei Bolkonsky took part. Tired and wounded, he carries the banner and sees clouds in the sky. What emotional excitement Andrei experiences when he sees the gray sky! Beauty that makes him hold his breath, that gives him strength!
But besides Russian literature, we can consider works of foreign classics. Take Margaret Mitchell's famous work, Gone with the Wind. The episode of the book when Scarlett, having walked a long way home, sees her native fields, albeit overgrown, but so close, such fertile lands! How does the girl feel? She suddenly stops being restless, she stops feeling tired. A new surge of strength, the emergence of hope for the best, the confidence that tomorrow everything will be better. It is nature, landscape native land saves a girl from despair.
Third problem
Arguments (“The role of nature in human life” is a topic) are also quite easy to find in the literature. It is enough to recall just a few works that tell us about the influence nature has on us.
Arguments
For example, “The Old Man and the Sea” by Ernest Hemingway would work well as an argumentative essay. Let's remember the main features of the plot: an old man goes to sea for big fish. A few days later he finally has a catch: a beautiful shark is caught in his net. Waging a long battle with the animal, the old man pacifies the predator. While the main character moves towards the house, the shark slowly dies. All alone, the old man begins to talk with the animal. The way home is very long, and the old man feels how the animal becomes like family to him. But he understands that if the predator is released into the wild, he will not survive, and the old man himself will be left without food. Other sea animals appear, hungry and smelling the metallic scent of the wounded shark's blood. By the time the old man arrives home, there is nothing left of the fish he caught.
This work clearly shows how easy it is for a person to get used to the world around him, how difficult it is often to lose some seemingly insignificant connection with nature. In addition, we see that man is able to withstand the elements of nature, which acts exclusively according to its own laws.
Or let’s take Astafiev’s work “The Fish Tsar”. Here we observe how nature is capable of reviving all the best qualities of a person. Inspired by the beauty of the world around them, the heroes of the story understand that they are capable of love, kindness, and generosity. Nature causes them to manifest best qualities character.
Fourth problem
The problem of environmental beauty is directly related to the problem of the relationship between man and nature. Arguments can also be drawn from Russian classical poetry.
Arguments
Let's take the Silver Age poet Sergei Yesenin as an example. We are all already high school we know that in his lyrics Sergei Alexandrovich sang not only feminine beauty, but also natural. Coming from a village, Yesenin became an absolutely peasant poet. In his poems, Sergei glorified Russian nature, paying attention to those details that remain unnoticed by us.
For example, the poem “I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry” perfectly paints us the image of a blooming apple tree, the flowers of which are so light that they actually resemble a sweet haze among the greenery. Or the poem “I remember, my love, I remember,” which tells us about unhappy love, with its lines allows us to plunge into the beautiful summer night When the linden trees bloom, the sky is starry, and somewhere in the distance the moon shines. It creates a feeling of warmth and romance.
Two more poets of the "golden age" of literature, who glorified nature in their poems, can be used as arguments. “Man and nature meet in Tyutchev and Fet. Their love lyrics constantly intersect with descriptions of natural landscapes. They endlessly compared the objects of their love to nature. Afanasy Fet’s poem “I came to you with greetings” became just one of these works. Reading the lines, you don’t immediately understand what exactly the author is talking about - about love for nature or about love for a woman, because he sees infinitely much in common in the features of a loved one with nature.
Fifth problem
Speaking about arguments (“Man and Nature”), one can encounter another problem. It consists of human intervention in the environment.
Arguments
As an argument that will reveal an understanding of this problem, one can name “The Heart of a Dog” by Mikhail Bulgakov. The main character is a doctor who decided to create with his own hands a new man with the soul of a dog. The experiment did not bring positive results, created only problems and ended unsuccessfully. As a result, we can conclude that what we create from a ready-made natural product can never become better than that, what was originally, no matter how much we tried to improve it.
Despite the fact that the work itself has a slightly different meaning, this work can be viewed from this angle.