Miracle, what an interesting place. How many amazing in the world! And the breaker, probably, the relative of our hostess of the copper mountain.

The original is taken by W. vasily_Sergeev In Post.

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Petrified trees

On the territory of the United States of America there is an unusual national Park, referred to as Petrified Forest, which is translated as a petrified forest. This is one of the largest places of concentration of petrified trees on the planet .... It is noteworthy that most trees even retain their structure. But speech will go Not about all National Park, and one of his pearls is Agate House. Let's look at it more ...

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Egiet House (eng. Agate House., letters. "Agaya House") - a partially restored complex residential building in the territory of the National Park of the petrified forest (en: Petrified Forest National Park) in Arizona. Houses Indians-Pueblo were completely made of petrified wood. Pueblo of 8 rooms was constructed about 900 years, or in the period of Pueblo III in Pekos chronology. The petrified tree was bonded by clay mortar.

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According to researchers, this construction was erected by the ancestors of the Indians of Pueblo, which inhabitants in these places. Moreover, it happened in the time interval between the 900th and 1200th years. Thence of the inhabitants of the prairies and deserts North America Actively used fossil wood to create tools and, of course, in construction. Agate House consists of eight rooms, which confirms - this is not a temporary dwelling.

Restoration of Ruins conducted in 1933-1934. The civilian building of environmental protection under the leadership of S. B. Kosgrow Jr. (C.B. Cosgrove Jr.) from the Lab Anthropology of the New Mexico Museum. A new roof was built over the room 7. The walls of the room 2 were rebuilt so that their height began to reach 1.5 meters, but without a roof, and the remaining walls were rebuilt so that their height began to be from 1.8 to 3 meters. In the same park there is a product of modern art Pueblo - Paintid-Dezert-Inn.

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... We soon noticed near the road, on the side of the side of the face, the giant barrel of the fossil tree. Six pieces were in this broken almost equal parts of the eleven-meter log about the meter in diameter. The iron layers of red drifts stained dark gray, cast-iron and species, the surface of the trunk, which preserved at the same time the complete similarity of the dilapidated and tempered wood. Substituted with silicon and iron, wood forever preserved the appearance with which the log sank, brought by the river from afar, eighty million years ago. Now water, wind, the sun and frost destroyed loose rocks around, and the trunk remained, like on a dish, on a haemo TKOS, uncomplicable and so hard that the strength of the blur could not move it.

We for a long time admired the giant of the disappeared forests, laying such an unimaginable time in the earth. I dreamed of picking up the whole trunk for the Museum of the Academy of Sciences in Moscow - such large and well-preserved trunks are very rare. However, there was no possibility to take at least one of the pieces, weighing more than a ton of each. Therefore, I was limited only to the fact that I took a few pictures. Further to the south of the horms were completely covered with pieces of petrified wood trunks. Thinner than the first giant found by us, these pieces were scattered, as if fallen the pioneer.

Furious knots or roots on hemp created the illusion of real wood. Only on the touch heavy, sharp, ringing, like glass, fragments of the scratched trunks showed that this forest is only the stone ghost of the present. Rightly layered structure of wood testified to the belonging of the trunks of coniferous trees, perhaps a group of marsh cypresses, and in this time growing in seaside tropical swamps, as far as the ancient Ginkgo is growing in Japan, Araucaria in the mountains South America and South-West Asia, Red Zheleznyak in our Lankarani ...

With reluctance I had to leave all the variety of stems dashed in disorder - a short day was nearing an end ...
Ivan Efremov. Road of winds.

If you give a simple definition, then the fossil tree can be characterized as the wooded breed of the past epochs on geological chronology, where wood is substituted by minerals, for example, chalcedon or opal, as well as other related to the silica family. Despite the fact that the tree breed is completely replaced by mineral, the structure of the wood is preserved: the summer rings, leaf and stroke and other.

Petrified tree

Food can occur only under such conditions when the tree turns out to be under an impressive layer of precipitation, without oxygen and the ability to rot and coal. At the same time, it should be exposed to solutions rich in minerals. Cellulose and directly wood are destroyed, and instead, the space is occupied by a mineral rock, which is repeated with the entire structure and structure of the destroyed tree.

This is how the fossil tree is obtained. However, it describes a simplified version, because there is no need to go into the details of the necrophiesal.

In addition to the main mineral rocks in the composition of the fossil tree may be present: lemonites, pyrites, manganese oxides, etc.

The most appropriate natural conditions

Most often, the fossil tree is formed in the territories with seismic activity and post-taxic processes with metamorphism at low temperatures. At the same time, silicic acid should show activity during the burial of trees under volcanic elements. Also, a similar process of the formation of a fossil tree is possible in the burial of wood under the crumbling materials of the sedimentary type, which include sand dunes, Moraine, etc.

They can be formed in different parts The world where the conditions are close to the above described.

The petrified tree is a stone (photos are placed below), which is used to produce jewelry and jewelry. It is also often collecting, since they are very diverse.

Dissemination sites

One of the largest and most famous fields of fossil trees is Holbrook in Arizona (USA). Back in 1906, the National Park was created here. At the turn of the XIX and XX centuries. There was a large deposit of petrified trees, which have high density and hardness, possess the most best Quality and color paintings in the world.

In addition to Arizona, stones trees are found in some other parts of North America, but in smaller quantities.

Outside America, they are mined in India, Syria, Iran and other countries of the Middle East. There is also a considerable field in Greece, on about. Lesbos. They are also found in the Caucasus, Armenia and Georgia, in Ukraine and Kazakhstan.

The fossil tree in Russia can be found in the Volga region, in the Samara and Volgograd regions. In Siberia, too, there are deposits, as well as on Far East (Kamchatka, Primorsky Krai, Chukotka Peninsula). Focal minor findings are also in the European part of Russia.

Petrified Tree: Properties

Data minerals observes a shine, resembling glare from wax or glass. They are practically not subjected to scope and have a crawled break.

On the MOOS scale (determines the hardness), the minerals of this type may have from 4 to 6 points. A characteristic feature is a variety of colors and colors that can simultaneously meet even on one sleep.

This is due to various kinds of impurities available in the breed. For example, carbon adherence attaches very dark, almost black color, and oxidized iron - reddish. Depending on the impurity color and some other properties can change a little.

It is worth noting that the petrification is equally both deciduous and coniferous trees. It is noteworthy that the coniferous fossils can be observed amber impurities.

Application

Petrified trees whose age can be calculated by the millions of years, ancient times began to be used by masters for the manufacture of jewelry and other jewelry.

Even a hundred years later, this mineral continues to be actively used to produce jewelry and accessories. It is easy to process, and such jewelry items look beautiful and stylish. Stones with small patterns and patterns are most often used as inserts into earrings, rings, etc. They look very harmonious with noble metals - Gold, silver, platinum.

They can also be used to decorate the interior, decorating the objects of life and the production of souvenirs. They are often used for the manufacture of gift handles, ashtons, jugs and VAZ, etc.

Of these, countertops and shelves make, but most often such products are not used in domestic purposes, but as an interior decoration or the subject of the personal collection. They represent not only visual value, but also historical, because this material is millions of years.

Cost of products

Product prices from this material are formed not only taking into account the value of the fossil tree itself, but also taking into account the value of the service of the master, the depreciation of equipment, transportation, etc. Therefore, it is almost impossible to determine the exact cost without a thorough calculation of all costs and analyzing the market.

However, according to statistics, average costFor example, coffee tables from this material fluctuates at 70-120 thousand rubles. Large tables can cost 300 thousand, and 400, and even more.

The average price for washing sinks is determined in the range from 40 to 60 thousand rubles. At the same time, such a product will serve for years and looks very stylish. There are many options for using fossil stones. People appreciate them primarily due to aesthetic properties, strength and exclusivity.

As for jewelry and accessories, then the cost of the fossil tree itself determine the unprofessional is almost impossible. Especially since they always go as an addition to the main material, gold or other precious metal.

Conclusion

The petrified tree (the photo in the article shows a variety of samples) is a chic tool to decorate the interior in the house, adding him a raisyn and a special atmosphere. Also, this material will help refresh the style of housing, make it an appearance more attractive.

Products made of fossil tree give not only originality and exotic, but also improve the image, making it more authentic. Attracted qualities of this material are very high.

In addition, the material is durable and quite durable, which additionally increases consumer interest to it. It is not surprising that people are ready to pay considerable money to become owners of items from this stone. Nature tried well to create such an unusual and attractive mineral, and people adapted him to their lives.

The most beautiful natural material. Nature worked twice - first creating a tree, and then turning it into a stone. Figure is never repeated. Strength and hardness - like a semi-precious stone. All colors of rainbow in the most incredible combinations. Great patterns characteristic of plants.

What it is and how it appeared

If the forest will quickly go under the ground (for example, it will be covered with asset when the volcanic eruption is eruption), then the trees do not rotate, but felt. Organic compounds without the effects of oxygen are not oxidized (that is, not rot), and gradually declined to the components.

Due to the high pressure in the cells of the buried plants, inorganic compounds are falling, such as quartz. The brightest colors are obtained when metals fall into the cage - copper, chrome, cobalt, iron. After several millions of years, cellulose and lignin will completely disappear. Their places will take silicates with impurities. The tree will turn into a stone. But the structure of the trunk and the drawing will be fully saved. You can even distinguish annual rings.

Petified wood

The petrified tree is not a plant, but a stone. It has no organic compounds. The sedimentary breed lightened in the form of cells. The tree played the role of a stone forms and gave some carbon to get even more rich and bizarre colors.

The scientific name of the fossil wood is a petrified (from the Greek word "Petro" - stone).

How to distinguish the real fossil from fake

The petrified tree is a mineral structure, which took several millions of years. The organic substances are completely substituted with minerals. Of course, splashes and even petrified insects can be found, but it is rare. The most important indicators that make fossils are particularly valuable:

• Bright colors and the game of paints.
• An intricate texture. The main thing is that it has a pronounced floral nature (one-time rings, bitch, bark irregularities and more).
• Average hardness and homogeneity. Fossale should not easily flashed or disintegrate.
• The size of the fossil in general and the size of the plant that has formed it. From small plants (young trees) you can do unless decorations. And from large - tables, washbasins and even the fireplace shelves.

It is important that anyone at first glance recognize the tree. Otherwise, an instance will be considered only a conventional sedimentary mineral structure. Yes, it can also be used as a decorative element. But the cost will be at times lower.

In order for the material to be called a "petrified tree", it must have the following properties:

1. Have a well-preserved three-dimensional plant structure, which formed it.
2. Arrive from another geological era. At least - from Pleistocena (now we live in an era of the Golocene, which began about 120,000 years ago). But this is a rarity, most fossils reached us from Paleozoic and Mesozoic era, that is, they are already from 66 million to 500 million years. Theoretically, the tree can petrify for 100 years. But such samples will not have the desired hardness. They will disintegrate with a non-mounted nage and are not suitable for the production of decorative elements. The ancient paternalified wood, the higher it appreciates.
3. Have as many metal enclosures as possible. Quartz crystals are colorless, and metal oxides are painted fossil like a child coloring book:
   • Manganese makes her pink or even orange. And its oxide - all shades of yellow, up to the dark.
   • Iron meets only in oxide. It gives all the shades of brown - from brown, almost black, to yellow.
   • Copper, depending on the degree of oxidation, gives color from green to blue.
   • Chrome and cobalt also paint in blue-green colors, but with other shades.
   • The remains of organic compounds give carbon forming all shades of gray and black.
4. It is mined in one of the well-known fossil forests. There are a lot of such places in the world, but each of them has its own individual features.
5. Processed by an experienced artist. The petrified tree itself is just a piece of stone, albeit beautiful color with the original texture. But to turn it into an expensive finishing material, you need to approach creatively. Allocate the brightest elements and give them fit form. Very few people know how to work with a stone, so some things made from fossils have a high artistic value.

History

The material looks exactly like a tree, but has a stone properties. This discrepancy caused a sharp dissonance in the psyche of ancient people. Therefore, in all cultures, in all countries of the world, fossils are attributed to therapeutic and even magical properties. From him, sincecaming artifacts and other objects of the cult were made. In fact, of course, the fossil is no different from other minerals. She will not save you from disease and will not bring good luck. But it looks beautiful, always unique and mysterious.

Surprisingly, the ancient artifacts created from the fossils still excite the imagination of non-evil people. Fraudsters and lovers of the theory of conspiracies are trying to give these crafts from stone with the structure of the tree for something incredible. What they only do not attribute - and alien origin, and magical power, and even influence on fate.

Mystery of the National Park in Arizona, USA

This place is called - Petrified Forest, which is translated as "petrified forest". Perhaps the largest fossil forest on our planet, the total area is more than 380 square kilometers.

The park is a traditional pilgrimage site of everyone who believes in "Magic Crystals" and other anti-scientific theories. After all, the fossils can be collected here, even the most beautiful, in unlimited quantities. And completely free. And if you do not want to search - you can buy good samples in one of the numerous souvenir shops.

That's just the park administration every year receives hundreds of parcels with the return of artifacts. Buyers complain that the fossils "did not work" and did not turn them into lucky beauties and millionaires.

Ancient Greeks - Forest on Lesbos Island

The second largest in the world (about 150 square kilometers), preserved the best. Trees here fired in a vertical position, as they grew. The highest plant is 7.2 meters.

The first in history written mention of petrified trees belongs to this park. He wrote about him an ancient Greek philosopher and a scientist theophrast in the III-IV century BC. Today there is a natural history museum.

Baygun pipes

In 1996, in the territory of Huxi-Mongolian-Tibetan autonomous District The PRC accidentally discovered round formations overlooking the Baygunshan Mountain breed. They were very looked at the tap pipes:

• Almost fully consisted of iron.
• Had a smooth cylindrical shape.
• The diameter of the "pipes" - from 2 to 40 centimeters.

Twelve years after discovering, when the Chinese government opened this region to visit, an article was published in one of the newspapers. Journalists reported that the age of pipes, at least 5,000 years ahead of the beginning of the processing of iron by man. Based on this, they concluded - the artifacts are created by alien civilization.

The government supported this version and immediately began to equip the tourist infrastructure. The slopes of the mountain very quickly turned into a place of pilgrimage of lovers of extraterrestrial civilizations. Owners of hotels and restaurants counted income, and writing reports on the rise of the economy in the poor province.

However, very quickly scientists denied the history of the "alien" origin of "pipes". Of course, these were no pipes, but petrified trees. Places of plant cells filled iron ore.

Interestingly, similar artifacts are found in the United States, in Colorado. Only there no one thought to attribute their creation of extraterrestrial civilizations.

Modernity

Nowadays, petrified wood is a wonderful finishing material. Petrified trees are valuable because:

• Figure, colors, texture never repeated. Like a living plant.
• Strength and other characteristics like a stone. And the view is like a tree.
• The material was created by nature over millions of years. Live book of the history of our planet.
• There is no smell, not afraid of insects, humidity and fungi. Products will be stored for centuries, neither without changing their properties.
• Products from this material are rarity. Therefore, attention is always attracted and interest.
• Large selection - wood is mined worldwide. Samples are very different from each other, while possessing the same properties.

From the petrified trees do everything - from jewelry (rings, bracelets, necklaces) to furniture (tables, countertops, shelves, even cabinets) and interior elements (fireplace shelves and framing, wall panels and even steps).

The price of products of small size (for example, pendants or other jewelry) depends more from the fame of the wizard than from the value of the material. But even the smallest souvenir rarely costs less than $ 50.

Cylindrical pieces of fossil trees are sold by weight. They are relatively inexpensive - from $ 2.5 per kilogram. But it looks cheap only at first glance. First, the material is very heavy, so the price can already be considered high. And, secondly, when processing a large "deck" can split or even crumble and only a small part will turn into a product.

"Boards", that is, flat panels made of petrified wood sold in the price range from $ 100 to $ 1000 square meter. The cost mainly depends on the size and thickness of each instance. Coloring, texture also matter.
Separate major copies are sold only with auction, their cost can reach tens of thousands of dollars.

Highly appreciated homogeneity. If the supplier has a large number of identical panels, it takes no less than $ 500 per square meter.

Trees

Petified wood is not customary to divide on species. After all, strictly speaking, it is a mineral structure, a stone, not a tree. And it would be difficult that it was - most types of fossil plants are not even classified by scientists. Therefore, it is for sale as a finishing material.

There are not even differences in the place of production. After all, the copies obtained in the same petrified forest can be very different with each other. Therefore, the material is sold by separate samples and small homogeneous parties. Each time - the products are unique in their color and texture.

As the processing and growth methods improve are improved, all new types and types appear. For example, the masters have already learned how to make large panels, wall panels made up of small pieces of petrified wood.

And the Chinese manufacturers have learned to make large panels, sprinkling them from small elements. Of course, this is not exactly the material that we call the "petrified tree." But in general, they are not bad.

Some classification of fossils, as a commodity group, is still there. But the material is divided rather than the degree of readiness to use.

Cylindrical elements - "decks" of fossil trees

The cheapest and most common copies. In some fossil forests, they can be collected by itself. Completely untreated or minimal processing. Usually have from 30 to 70 centimeters in height. Can be used as individual elements of the interior or as a semi-finished product from which you can make something more interesting.

In addition to the size, the price strongly affects "vegetable" appearance. The larger the cylindrical stone looks like a woody trunk, the more plant elements remained in it, the higher its price.

Separate small elements

Raw materials for the production of souvenirs, decorations and pressed elements. The cheapest material. But the cost of some copies can be very large due to their high artistic value.

Discs - Cutting "Barrel" of the fossil tree

The second, prevalence, commodity type of petrified wood. As a rule, the surface is subjected to grinding, sometimes it is covered with varnish, for greater glitter. The most important feature affecting the price is the presence of annual rings. The brighter they are expressed, the more expensive it is an instance.

Applied as self-sufficient decorative elements or as a semi-finished product for more complex products. Large discs can be used as table tops. It is expensive.

Square or rectangular panels obtained by pressing small elements of fossil wood

Excellent material for the production of tables, wall panels and other large decorative elements. Average price product, the price depends on the size and quality of execution. The better the vegetable elements are visible, the higher the value of the instance.

Tables made from pressed petrified wood, perfectly complement any interior.

Square or rectangular panels cut from a solid piece of fossil

Expensive material is perfect for the production of luxury furniture, first of all - countertops. Mandatory condition - the panel should look like a piece of wood. Plant signs should be pronounced. Otherwise, it will not differ from the decorative stone of the average price category.

Petrafficers are first of all trying to get such elements. And what will remain after their cutting will go to the press or will be sold like souvenirs.

Large, massive elements

Oddly enough, large pieces of fossils are valued less than flat panels. About $ 1000 per instance. Of them, washbasins, toilet bowls, framed by fireplaces and portico columns are made. In fact, sold, like a high quality decorative stone.

Production of fossil wood

Prey

Collecting in fossil forests like a decorative stone. In some places can be mined by a career way. Big decks that are difficult to transport, in place are cut into smaller elements.

The main complexity is to find structures in which their vegetable elements are well noticeable. There are a lot of fossils, they are literally lying under their feet. But some scattered right in their hands or already when processing.

Otherwise, the extraction of the petrified tree is not much different from the extraction of other types of decorative stone.

Primary processing and drying

Of course, you do not need to dry the petrified wood. Primary processing is reduced to the cut in order to obtain as large parts of the part and grinding. There are our secrets and subtleties. Very few people know how to properly handle this kind of mineral structures.

Slop down a piece of stone or cut out the figure can any sculptor. But only experienced professionals can preserve in the integrity of large inhomogeneous structures.

Wholesale and Transportation

The main supplier of fossils, as a material for the production of furniture and decor elements, is China. On the territory of this country there are no more petrified forests than in other corners on Globe. But the local government does not seek to create natural parks, where it is forbidden to collect even small stones. On the contrary, Chinese officials in every way encourage fossils, their processing and exports.

Therefore, up to 60% of all raw materials are supplied to international markets from the PRC. And already finished products are produced in place. Interestingly, fossils are transported in wooden boxes. Although mineral structures are pretty durable, with drops and blows, they can split into small parts. Therefore, individual plates are packaged in wooden boxes filled with shock absorbing material. For example, wood sawdust.

Production of furniture made of fossil

Pethydrated wood is mainly on the manufacture of tabletops. And for this, not only smooth square and rectangular plates are used, but the disks on which the "trunks" are cut. The more homogeneous surface, the higher the finished product is valued.

The process itself is not much different from working with a decorative stone. The same tools are used - cutters, grinding machines.

The finished table can be covered with colorless varnish to stress gloss natural beauty Minerals.

Objects made from pressed plates are cheaper, but in quality and beauty are not much inferior to copies made from whole pieces. Usually they have dimensions of 1.2 2.4 meters or 0.6 by 0.6 meters.

Tables from fossils

Recently, tea tables are included in the fashion, in which you can change the height of the tabletop in a wide range. In Shanghai and Hong Kong, they have already turned into a stylish element of the interior, well suitable for both the house and for the office. The altitude altitude allows the use of a table and both tea, when guests are sitting around on sofas, as well as dining, when guests are sitting on high chairs. In any case, it turns out very convenient.

Often the main focus is made on a tabletop of a petrified tree, and all other elements of the table are made of chromed steel or other simple material. They are made as thin and hide from the view to emphasize the natural beauty of the stone.

The original solution is the backlight installed under the table top. Thin plate made of fossil tree in some places skipping light. It looks all this, as if the countertop "burns". It turns out very stylish.

The elements of fossils are well suited for furniture design, designed to store and use expensive wines. They are used to decorate wine cabinets and tasting tables. The material gives the interior spirit of antiquity, which emphasizes the nobility of drinks.

Petrified wood furniture

Principles here are the same as in working with a decorative stone. Furniture from fossils is not afraid of insects, no moisture, no direct sunlight. It is enough to wipe it from dust from time to time and protect against falls and chips.

The world of minerals is perfect and attractive, which miraculously resulting from the clashes of the celestial bodies or evolutionary processes in the hot departments of the Earth.

But it turns out, sometimes minerals grow like trees almost in the literal sense of the word. We are talking about the so-called fossil trees when organic Woods buried under the thickness of precipitation without air access, over millions of years turns into amazing beauty of minerals. The most famous field of such trees is the dream of each nature amateur - Petrifaid-Forest National Park in the American state of Arizona, where it was lucky to visit our author.

The fossil trees are found in sedimentary and volcanogenic sediments of the Perm and coal period around the world. As a rule, in the zones of increased magmatic activity, where the eruption of volcanoes occurred near the forest arrays. The departments of petrified trees were found in Belgium and Canada, Greece and Brazil, in New Zealand and Madagascar. In Russia, stone trees are found in the Vologda and Novgorod regions, as well as in the Urals, in Central Siberia, in Kamchatka and Primorye.

The most famous fossils "forests" have the status of monuments of nature or national parks, the most famous of which American Petrifaid-Forest is considered to be true ( Petrified Forest). It is here at the end of the XIX century. Expedition under the command of Lieutenant E. Wipple discovered the first placers of the petrified tree recognized on the beauty of the color and drawing the best in the world.

Before in 1962, this fossil deposit was announced by the National Park, he had to undergo a lot from the natural tourism and hunters for rareholders. At the end of the XIX century. In the territory of the future Park, the "camel" of the trail first was laid, and then the iron and highways. And although at the beginning of the last century, Petrifaid-Forest was recognized as a natural monument, about half a century of his land were used as a pasture. They say that passing by tourists drove the "souvenirs" right into the wagons, and huge stone trunks were sometimes exploding to extract semi-precious stones crystals in which the wood turned.

Now the removal of samples from the park is considered a crime, he himself is surrounded by a wire fence and closed for visitors in the evening, and only a small Museum of Rainbow Forest is located on its territory and there is not a single tourist camping. Despite this, Petrifaid-Forest Nowadays, visit more than half a million tourists annually who attract not only unique fossils, but also the striking landscapes of the "colored desert", as if painted by watercolor, as well as the ancient petroglyphs - traces of the presence of a primitive person.

Petrifaid Forest National Park ( Petrified Forest -Petrified (petrified) forest) is not the biggest, but one of the most unusual national parks of the United States. It is located in the northeast of Arizona not far from Holbrook, and its total area is 380 km 2. The territory of the park is divided into two zones - southern and north. On the North Territory there is the so-called "color desert" with multicolored poles (from the English. badlands. - "bad" land), special forms Dry relief in the form of a network of pointed hills separated by ravines. But the main attraction of the park is an amazing "forest" from fossils, which have become the remains of the ancient representatives of coniferous, fern and coagovic, who grew here about 220 million years ago. The petrified remains of these plant giants, under which dinosaurs were once strolled, under the influence of wind and water again appear on the thickness of the stirring of their sediment sediments.

In the forest dinosaur

Our long-awaited journey finally took place. The frosty December morning, the sun gets up, and the ice crystals are sparkling on the spines of dried shrubs, sharp stones, rolling down the hilly desert, and lying throughout the huge trunks of stone trees. In winter, visitors in the park are a bit, and the security is not very familiar: you can wander not only in the "official" pedestrian trails, but also on the "wild" sites and even climb the hills that rose over multicolored desert.

The view that opens with these hills is striking imagination: among the stony expanses, in some places covered with a hot winter grass, lie on a lot of more than a hundred million years old! If you close your eyes, you can imagine that once warm water splashed here, and these trees were alive green giants, under which huge dinosaurs wandered ...

Among the fossils found in the park, at least nine species of trees have been identified. Most often occurs Araucarioxylon Arizonicum, in latin name which ("Wood Araucaria") reflects the relationship of these Paleozoic representatives of the gosled plants with modern araucaria relating to coniferous rocks. Also identified the fossils of several types of ferns, plane-shaped and other Paleozoic plants and, of course, fossil animals are giant relatives of crocodiles, dinosaurs, mollusks and insects.

But nevertheless, the main thing you see around is the huge fossil remains of the so-called "Araucarian". These trees at one time grew almost to the statometer height, and today their trunks, devoid of branches and bans, scattered around the desert, as ordinary logs remaining after a long-standing forestry. Most of the split logs on fragments of different types, the largest of which are achieved in a thickness of 1-3 m, and in length - 60 m. An annual rings and characteristic fibrousness are clearly traced on sections of many of them, but the first touch destroys the illusion - to the touch it Not "warm" tree, but a cold stone.

How did such amazing natural exhibits appeared on the light? About 200-250 million years ago, this desert was a river to understand with a soft tropical climate, covered with thick forests. River spills caused by storm rains were washed with dirt and other deposits in lowlands. Huge trees, dying, fell into the water and clusters of dirt, where they were entered by clay, sand and volcanic ash. In such inflexible conditions, the rotting of wood was delayed, and as a result of complex physicochemical processes, it slowly turned into a stone, while maintaining the initial "live" form.

As a result, the deposits of petrified trees turned out to be "conserved" in the 240-meter thicker of compressed layers of sedimentary rocks, which after millions of years as a result of the lifting of the lithosphere turned out to be on the elevation. Gradually destroyed with the formation of multi-colored hills and ravines, they again put the buried once trees on the daily surface.

How a stone flower is born

The transformation processes in the stone today are well studied. As you know, under normal conditions, dead wood is destroyed by the action of insects and microorganisms (bacteria and mushrooms), however, if it falls into conditions that exclude rotting and carbonation, the slow process of turning plant tissues into stone begins. By the way, talk about "transformation" in this case Incorrectly, it is about substitution, in other words, the formation of the so-called pseudomorphosis.

When wood is buried as a result of the collapse, flooding, volcanic eruption and other catastrophic phenomenaThe oxygen access is stopped to them, and the process of low-temperature metamorphism begins. As a result, under the action of a saturated mineral solution, seeping through sedimental deposits, carbon tissue is replaced by other elements, such as silicon or calcium. Formed pseudomorphosis, as a rule, almost completely preserve the initial organic form. All these petrifers and bark, annual rings and traces of insect activities are a source of unique scientific information.

Today, several dozen minerals are known, which are found in wood fossils, but most often, as in the case of petrified trees Petrifaid-Forest Park, these are silicon-containing species - a dense microcrystalline quartz, opal (microcrystalline fibrous quartz) and halcedon (amorphous hydrated silica). It is lessstate a marbled tree, the main substituting minerals in which are not silica, but silicates, such as dolomite and calcite. Replacing minerals in fossil wood found in Russia and in Novgorod region, It is a pyrite, an amethyst is found in the Vologda region.

Due to the impurities, the petrified material may have a wide variety of colors: carbon gives black color, iron oxide - from red to brown, manganese - orange or pink, copper and cobalt - green or blue, etc. Moreover: plots that are significantly different in The structure and color can be found on one fossil, with the result that it resembles a landscape jasper on the cut.

The fossil wood, which passed into the rank of minerals-oxides, is quite solid (the degree of hardness depends on replacing minerals). It is its property, as well as a rich color scheme, a variety of textures and patterns, predetermined its use as a peculiar and very decorative diverse material. In addition, it is easily cutting, grinding and polishing, which emphasizes the color and gives the product glass glitter.

It is not surprising that jewelry made of petrified wood worn in Ancient Rome and antique states Metersfit. The demand for them does not fall today. Varieties with a small contrast pattern are used for the manufacture of jewelry, with a large pattern - for large ornamental products - VAZ, candlesticks, caskets. The stone is especially valued with clearly pronounced lines of annual rings. Wonderful beautiful and no less expensive countertops are obtained from large trunks: the best of those that I happened to see, cost about 400 thousand dollars.

In antiquity of the petrified wood, household overalls were made in the form of figures of gods or animals, which should have protected the dwelling of a person from fires, lightning and flooding, and rings and bracelets were wore to protect against thieves and robbers. The petrified wood has long been attributed to the special medical properties. Beads from it wore as a pledge of longevity, as it was believed that they help to resist stress and normalize blood pressure.

Mongolian healers applied to the sore joints of the plate of the fossil tree from the Gobi desert. Does such a tree helps with pain in the joints and from thieves, it is difficult to say, but to shoot stress, pouring a sparkling multi-colored stone table, probably it turns out not bad. And yet, for the removal of the nervous voltage there is nothing better than traveling to the stone "forests", where you can touch the frozen time and take a look at the world Other eyes.

The petrified tree comes from the Greek root petro. What means a rock or a rock , literally "The tree turned into a stone."

This name is given to petrified remnants of earthly vegetation.

The petrified tree is the result of the conversion of a tree into a stone in the process of permanelication.

All organic wood materials were replaced by silicate minerals, usually quartz, while maintaining the original wood structure.

Unlike other types of fossils, which are compression or prints, the petrified tree is a three-dimensional representation of the source organic material.

The process of petition occurs underground when the tree begins to be covered by sediments. First, it remains due to lack of oxygen.

Water rich in minerals, which flows through deposits, plays minerals in wood cells. As the lignin and cellulose begin to decay, a stone mold is formed!

Wood takes about a hundred years to petrify.

Organic material must first petrify before it is completely decomposed.

Elements such as copper, iron and manganese in dirt or water during the process of petrol, give fabled wood various colors.

Quartz crystals are colorless, but if pollutants are included in them, quartz crystals also acquire different colors, such as red, yellow, green, blue, pink, orange, black and brown.

The petrified tree is Alberta, the provincial stone of Canada, as well as the pearl of Washington, USA.

Famous Petrified Wood locations include Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Ecuador, Egypt, Greece, India, Libya. It can also be found in Namibia, Ukraine and the United Kingdom.

Why use the fossil tree?

Connect with Petrified Wood if you want to install deep roots.

Even when you are filled with fear, panic or anxiety, you will be grounded and resistant thanks to its calm energies.

Earth energies present in this stone will reassure your nerves and weaken your fears. This will fill you with feelings of safety, stability and well-being.

The petrified tree is the perfect stone for meditation, because it will help you find out what is important and what is not.

It will encourage you to stop to get involved in things that you cannot control.

This will remind you to take things as they are, and not sweat the little things.

When the petrified tree connects with the chakras of the root and the third eye, you will feel the elevated sense of awareness and determination.

For you it will be very useful to have a petrified tree if you do not know how to cope with a certain difficult situation.

The energy of the fossil tree will give you stability and help you find best Solutions Your problems.

It will give you strength and courage to pursue them decisively.

This stone is very useful to those who are impatiently waiting for the fruits of their hard work. This will give you an obligation to wait for your internal transformation.

How will the petrified tree help you?

Petrified Tree, Healing and Health

When it comes to physical healing, Petrified Wood can be useful for a skeletal system in combination with Spirit Quartz. It can also improve the condition of the skin and return the gloss and shine hair.

It is also believed that the petrified tree helps in arthritis, osteoporosis and Alzheimer's disease.

It is known that the fossil tree effectively strengthens the bone system and treats problems with teeth.

It can also help with damage to cells caused by radioactive or chemical pollution.

Fossil tree and wealth

The petrified tree is a transformation stone. If you connect it with March Birthstone, it will help you to become who you want to be, and will help you in achieving your dreams and goals, especially when it comes to money and finance.

Petrified forest It will encourage you to set the tempo and stay at a tempo as much as it takes.

This will strengthen your spine, both in physical and in the metaphysical sense. It will also contribute to the discipline and toilevil.

Petrified tree very effectively eliminates obstacles in your life.

This is a stone that should be with you if you want to achieve your goals, but are experiencing difficulties with overcoming barriers.

The petrified tree is also a stone of business success, especially when you combine it with the February born stone. This will bring you good luck and good luck.

It stabilizes your Wednesday, your emotions and your thoughts so you can take the best solutions.

It will also fill you with the vibrations of calm and wisdom so that you are always strong in the heart, mind and body.

The petrified tree will also help you become more productive, moving forward a good and stable way. It will stimulate you to move at your own pace. Slow and not too slow.

Petrified tree, love and relationship

The petrified tree will make you feel safe and removes all your fears associated with survival.

It will remind you that love is courage and risk.

Whenever you feel that you bring back because of fear to get injury, the energy of this stone will give you a push in the right direction.

Petrified Wood will also fill your relationship with fun, playful and positive energy. It will fill you with loving and beautiful energies that make your beauty to shine from the inside.

This stone will make you feel unstable!

The petrified tree also effectively stabilizes your emotions, especially when you experience difficult times in your relationship. It will make you grounded and prevent an explosion.

It will not allow you to remember the past whenever you enter into a dispute with your meaningful friend. It will also show you how you can fight honestly, even if you are experiencing so much emotions.

The petrified tree will help you find answers you are looking for, which will give you peace of mind. It will weaken anxiety in your heart and mind and convince you that everything will be fine!

The petrified tree will make you satisfied with love for your second half. Whatever you shared, it will bring you a lot of happiness and satisfaction.

Petrified Wood will also encourage you to forget about your small concerns and avoid stupid and repetitive mistakes.

It will remind you that making mistakes can be one of best ways Learn about love, but it should not be a habit!

The petrified tree is a stone of general protection. It will turn you into warm, gentle and loving hugs that make you feel safe and calm down.

The presence of this stone in your life will also strengthen your commitment to the person you love, and will give you a longevity to withstand storms!

How to use a fossil tree to achieve the best results?

If you live in the city, place a piece of fossil tree in your home - a great way to attract vibration of nature.

The petrified tree can often buy or arrange a lot of interesting ways, and even its natural look is very memorable and rather inspiring.

Because of this, you will not be difficult to find aesthetically elegant ways to welcome this presence and energy in your home, and you really don't need to be surprised if, because of this it becomes something interesting for your guests.

We hope that you will also find that it contributes to the feeling of harmony and patience in your family when they are at home, and this is especially useful if you are worried about destroyed family relationships or you have children who are experiencing periods of life in which they are often evil and confused.

However, Petrified Wood can also offer you a lot of personality, and it is also recommended to save part of this energy for yourself or work exclusively with it to put it in your home as an ornament.

Energy will manifest themselves through you or around you, depending on your approach, but with kindness will offer all your awards.

When you meditate with a petrified tree, it will help you to go back at a time when your spirit was still treated by nature.

Wear a piece of petrified tree with you when you feel torn off from the environment.

It will also remind you to respecting your nature and take care of it in your own way. It will remind you to live just in harmony with the spirit of nature and the energies of the Earth.

Best combination for use with fossil tree

If you want to fight or control your compulsiveness, wearing Petrified Wood is perfect for peridot, phanecitis, nebula, moss agate and rose quartz.

It also combines well with Agatom Botswana, Labradorite, Tulitis, Sugilitis, Fluorate, Galenitis, Dravit, Duzhurterite or Green Calcitus.

The petrified tree also works perfectly with imminent impairment. Use it with a Tibetan quartz crystal, sheelite, electric quartz, red catlineite, a stone of a loaf, galite, dolomite, dicinitis, a quartz crystal of the Buddha or and andalusite to enhance healing energy.

If you want to strengthen or protect your bones, you can use a petrified tree with malachite, chowelite, fluorite, dolomite or agate from blue lace.

If you need energy support in your last LifeYou can connect a fossil tree with ghostly crystals, obsidian, chowelite, Faden crystals, carnelian, aquamarine, amethyst or amber.

You can also enhance the protective energy of this stone, combining it with chalcedone, heliodor, imperial topaz, honey sliced, apacha tears, gold topaz, fire agate, hematite, heliodor, black kyanite, carnelian, labradorite or lunar stone.

Other stones you can try include pyrite, pearls, sunny stone, sardonix and malachite.

Unusual fact about the stone of the fossil tree

In mythological times, the fossil tree was considered to have a Divine force. To this day is a symbol of a genuine communication of a person with the world of nature.

This stone helps with mental longevity. It has the ability to calm emotions, generate peace of mind and take stress.

When the fossil forest is near, all your fears will simply disappear. Petrified forest is a very medicinal and grounding stone that fills you with safety.

Once it was an older, alive, breathable tree, which petrolled thousands of years. If you live in the city, keep a fossil tree in your home to vibrate nature beside.

This is a great way for citizens to keep nature vibrations near the concrete jungle.

That is why in some circles it is often called a petrified tree - this is a piece of the past, frozen in time to connect you with the modern world.

In the same way, when you feel stuck in a rut and as if you go to nowhere, the energy of your petrified tree can be very grounding. As stated in the proverb, the strongest Oak grows out of a tiny acorns, and in order for your dreams to be carried out, time may take place.

Patience is virtue, but it is not always easy! However, this is the presence and energy found in the fossil tree can help you see a wider picture and recognize the small steps that you are doing day to day to disseminate your branches and feed your roots.

However, this energy can help soothe and focus you when the rapid pace of life seems too much.

When you feel that it is almost possible to control what is happening to you, turn to the petrified tree and allow him to wash you eternal arms.

It supports the third eye and root chakras and works to give you excellent healing energy for both your physical and emotional problems.

Many people like Petrified Wood for his ancient energies that lead to strengthening work in the past life. Petrified forest teaches you to be patient. It will help you understand how to afford life to develop perfectly.

Working with its grounding energies may encourage you to live the life of a spiritual being in the physical world.

Many people like to use a petrified tree to help connect with the energies of the Earth.

You may find that when you meditate with a petrified tree, you will return at the time when your spirit was surrounded by nature.

The petrified tree reminds you of respect and care about environment, as well as how to find ways to live in simplicity and harmony with the spirit of the earth.

Wear a fossil tree when you feel torn off from nature, this is a stone of any sign and is associated with an element of the Earth.

The dream of a petrified tree is a sign that you need to get rid of unproductive or unhealthy life patterns, thoughts and relationships.

It helps you to ground energy inside your energy fields to the Earth's magnetic kernel to complete the transfer of energy through your being.

At the physical level, Petrified Wood offers strength and support to your body and helps with the problems of the spine and skeleton.

The petrified tree is also useful for diseases of the skin, muscle tissue and blood circulation system.

Athletes even advise you to take a piece of petrified tree and use it for therapeutic layouts.

The petrified tree also helps people with blood closures, arterial sclerosis, rheumatism and arthritis. This is a stone that will support your overall physical stability and healing.

This will inspire you emotionally and will gain patience to spiritually develop at a constant speed.

The petrified tree can help you connect with your roots to find knowledge and wisdom.

It helps you recognize and release deeply rooted emotional patterns from your hereditary line that no longer serve you.

The petrified tree carries the vibrational energy of the past and ancient times and shows you how to connect with the physique of the Earth and the third dimension.

My last thoughts about the power of the petrified tree

The petrified tree is great for working with the energies of the Earth and Tree, because this stone merged together in the same natural education.

This stone works with a chakra root and a third eye to give you healing energy for your physical and emotional problems.

Many people use a petrified tree because of its ancient energies that will help in the past life.

This stone will also teach patience and help you understand how easy it is to afford to develop life. natural way And improve.

Working with grounding energies Petrified Wood will encourage you to live the life of a spiritual being in this physical world!