Combat deployment of forces and assets- This is the implementation of measures to bring the fire and rescue equipment arrived at the site of the fire in a state of readiness for the main combat mission.

This process requires clear interaction and coordination, which is the key to a successful and timely introduction of forces and means in a fire.

The deployment of forces and means is carried out in various ways, with the installation of fire trucks on water sources and without installation; using a different number of fire hoses of different diameters, fire nozzles; other fire fighting equipment.

Combat deployment of forces and assets is subdivided into the following stages:

• preparation for combat deployment;
• preliminary combat deployment;
• full combat deployment.

Deployment from the first main fire truck arriving at the scene of the fire with or without installation on a water source is carried out with the supply of the first barrel in the decisive direction.

It is carried out immediately upon arrival at the site of the fire. In this case, the following actions should be performed:

• a fire engine is installed on a water source and a fire pump is brought into working condition;
• the necessary fire-fighting tools and equipment are detached and concentrated at the fire-fighting vehicle;
• the hose line with the barrel is connected to the discharge pipe of the pump.
• A preliminary combat deployment at the site of a fire is carried out in cases when it is obvious that further hostilities to extinguish the fires are being carried out, or an order from the RTP has been received.

With preliminary combat deployment:

• the actions envisaged for the stage "Preparing for combat deployment" are carried out;
• main hose lines are being laid;
• branches are installed, near which sleeves and trunks are located for laying working lines, other necessary firefighting tools and equipment.

Full combat deployment at the fire site, it is carried out at the direction of the RTP, as well as in the case of an obvious need to supply fire extinguishing agents.

With full combat deployment:

• the actions envisaged for the stages "Preparing for Combat Deployment" and "Preliminary Combat Deployment" are performed;
• the locations of the forces and means of subunits are determined fire department carrying out direct combat actions to extinguish fires associated with the rescue of people and property, the supply of fire extinguishing agents, the conduct of an automatic control system and special work at the fire site, to which working hose lines are laid;
• the main and working (in the presence of overlapping shafts) hose lines are filled with fire extinguishing agents.

When laying hose lines:

• convenient paths to the gunners' combat positions are chosen, without cluttering the evacuation routes of people and property;
• their safety and protection from damage are ensured, including through the installation of sleeve bridges and the use of sleeve delays;
• branches are installed outside the carriageway;
• a stock of fire hoses is created for use in the decisive direction.

Depending on the situation in buildings, the following methods of laying hose lines can be used:

• Method # 1 - lifting the hose line with a rescue rope;
• Method number 2 - lowering down the previously raised fire hoses;
• Method number 3 - laying hose lines between flights of staircases;
• Method No. 4 - laying hose lines along the flights of staircases, manual and automobile stairs.

Deployment of forces and assets in buildings

The time spent on laying the main and working lines depends on the structural and planning solution of the building, the place of the fire, the distance from the ground, the method of laying, the preparedness of the personnel. In some garrisons, in order to facilitate the lifting of the hose lines, a special bracket with a block and a thin 100-meter nylon cable is used.

Specialized departments for extinguishing fires in high-rise buildings are additionally equipped with ropes of 30 and 50 m in length, life belts, sleeve delays, sleeves, self-rescuers, rescue kits, thermal imagers.

The structural and planning solution of the building and the place of the fire have a significant impact on the time of deployment of forces and means. With a sectional layout of the building and the presence of several staircases, it is advisable to deploy the deployment along the flights of the staircase. With a corridor layout and the presence of smoke-free staircases at the ends of corridors or balconies, it is advisable to lay hanging hose lines outside the building - along its facade.

The minimum number of firefighters when deployed on the floors of a building and laying one trunk line:

• when lowering the sleeves, previously raised by firefighters to a height of up to 50 m, - 3 people, 50–90 m - 4 people;
• when lifting the hose line with a rescue rope, 5 firefighters will be required, of which 2-3 people are directly required to lift the hose line;
• when laying hose lines along the flights of the staircase without using the RPE, 2-8 firefighters will be required, and with the use of the RPE - 4-10 firefighters, depending on the lifting height.

All sleeve lines are fixed with sleeve delays at the rate of one sleeve delay per sleeve, and from the ninth floor and above - two sleeve delays per sleeve. For mechanized laying of trunk lines to heights, ladders are used.

Features of the deployment of forces and assets at facilities with electrical installations

When deploying forces and means at facilities with electrical installations, the necessary sequence of actions is observed, which ensures safe conditions for personnel when supplying fire extinguishing agents to live parts of electrical installations and cables.

Deployment is carried out in the following order:

• RTP determines the alignment of forces and means, taking into account the situation at the fire and routes of movement to the center of the fire, the positions of the trunk operators and the places of grounding of the trunks and fire engines;
• Swordsmen ground manual fire nozzles by attaching clamps and flexible grounding conductors to a stationary ground loop in a specified place and go to positions;
• The gunners lay hose lines from the fire trucks to the positions of the gunners along the route indicated by the RTP;
• Drivers of fire trucks with firefighters ground the pumps by connecting clamps and flexible earthing switches to a stationary ground loop or grounded structures (hydrants of water supply networks, power line supports, casing pipes of wells, etc.);
• The commanders of the departments monitor the quality of the performance of the listed works and report to the RTP about their completion;
• The RTP checks the correct placement of forces and means, taking into account safe distances, as well as the grounding of extinguishing devices and pumps, and issues a command to supply the OTH to the combustion zone.

Features of the deployment of forces and assets in low temperatures

When extinguishing fires during severe frosts, reserve hose trunk lines are prepared for the trunks, which work in the decisive direction. It is extremely important to locate hose lines and fittings in a warm place, in the cabins of fire trucks, and not store them in the open cold.

• the sleeve heads are covered with snow;
• Branches are installed inside buildings, and when installed outdoors, they are insulated;
• if necessary, temporarily stop the water supply, the trunks and branches do not block;
• do not allow turning off the pumps, and when building up hose lines or replacing hoses - reducing the pressure in the line;
• provide a reserve of personnel;
• organize a supply of blowtorches and hot water or steam for heating pipelines in the pump room of cars or hose connections;
• organize medical supervision of the personnel, their heating and changing into dry clothes.
• When working indoors, in order to avoid excessive spillage of water and freezing of lines, uncovered trunks are taken out into the windows, bathroom, toilet.
• To avoid the formation of ice in the sleeves, the water is heated by a pump.
• When working in open water sources, it is advisable to take water from great depths where its temperature is slightly higher than in the upper layers or above the ice.
• Various compact heat sources are used to support the performance of the hose lines, blowtorch, torches. Also, hot water and steam are used as a heat carrier.

Deployment of forces and means in case of unsatisfactory water supply and in waterless areas

Areas with unsatisfactory water supply include those where water withdrawal is not more than 10–15 l / s, where the distance to the source is more than 300–500 m, as well as areas where water supplies are unlimited, but there are difficulties in its intake.

Waterless areas include areas where a water flow rate of more than 10 l / s is impossible, the distance to the water source is more than 500 m, or the depth of the fence is more than 7–10 m.

In these cases, the supply of OTV is carried out:

• by pumping;
• delivery;
• with the help of hydraulic elevators.

Supply of fire extinguishing agents by pumping

Pumping water by pumps of fire engines is used if the distance from the water source to the place of fire is large, the pressure developed by one pump of the fire engine is insufficient to overcome pressure losses in hose lines and create working jets. This method is most rational when the fire site is up to 2 km away. Pumping is also used in the absence of access to the water source for fire trucks (with steep or steep banks, in wetlands, when a pond or river freezes near the banks, etc.). In this case, portable motor pumps or other devices are used to take water from hard-to-reach places.

Water supply by tankers

Water supply is carried out when the distance of the water source is more than 2 km, as well as if there are difficulties in water intake in the absence of technical means to take water in unfavorable conditions.

When deciding on the delivery and submission of OTV by means of transport, it is necessary:

• calculate and concentrate the required number of tank trucks (AC),
• create a refueling point for tankers at the water source,
• create a water discharge point at the place of fire,
• determine the best options for refueling tanks and water supply,
• appoint responsible persons for work at the organized points.

Refueling schemes for firefighting tankers or adapted equipment may vary.

The most common are:

• independent water intake by a fire engine;
• refueling a tanker tank with a pump of a fire engine, a fire engine pump, or using a hydraulic elevator.

Water intake using hydroelevator systems

The direct abstraction of water by fire trucks from natural water sources is often impeded by steep and swampy banks. In such cases, it is necessary to use the G-600 hydraulic elevator and its modifications for water intake.

To ensure the safety of participants in combat operations to extinguish fires, the ability to maneuver arriving fire and rescue equipment and the installation of reserve fire equipment, actions are taken to limit the access of unauthorized persons to the fire site, traffic in the adjacent territory, including forced movement in compliance with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation.

When extinguishing fires with an increased number (rank) of the fire, in the case when the equipment in the combat crew is not enough, the RTP decides to involve the equipment of the strong points to extinguish large fires and conduct an ACR.

Attention!!! If the document does not open, refresh the page, possibly several times. For easy reading, expand the document by clicking on the icon in the upper right corner.

Combat deployment

Combat deployment of a fire guard is to bring forces and equipment into readiness to perform a combat mission in a fire. It requires the coherence of the numbers of the combat crew, their knowledge of their duties, the speed of actions brought to automatism, maximum physical stress, and from the leader, knowledge of the tactical capabilities of his unit and the equipment used (Tables 1, 2), because when giving an order to conduct combat deployment, it must take into account the real capabilities of the fire guard.

Table 1. Tactical capabilities of tank trucks

Index	AC 40 (375)	AC-40 (131)	AC-40 (130E)	AC-40 (130)	ACS 40 (131)
Number of barrels fed:
A
B
carriage			-	-
Operating time from capacity, min:
trunk B
(P = 17m)	19,6	11,7	10,2	10,2	11,7
(P == 19m)	17,5	10,5			10,5
trunk A:
(P == 17m)	10,2	6,1	5,3	5,3	6,1
(P = 19m)	9,3	5,6	4,9	4,9	5.6
trunk RS-B at = 3.5 l / s,	18,5	11.4			11,4
spray jet
Operating time GPS-600, min:
from capacity	8,3	6,9	6,2	6,2	6,9
with installation on a hydrant	8,3	6,9	6.9	6,9	6,9
The amount of foam received,
m 3:
from capacity			223,5	223,5
with installation on a hydrant
Possible extinguishing volume ne
average expansion, m 3:
from capacity			74,5	74,5
with installation on a hydrant

In addition to the data indicated in the tables, it is necessary to know the dimensions of fire trucks, especially the width and height, as well as the mass characteristics, since, when giving an order for combat deployment, the fire brigade commander must take into account the presence of arches, gates, bridges, overpasses and other structures , capable of interfering with the passage (access) of fire trucks to the building, hydrant, reservoir, etc. (Table 3) .-

Table 2. Tactical capabilities of auto pumps

Table 3. Mass and dimensional characteristics of some fire trucks

Fire truck	Alert weight, kg	Overall dimensions, mm
length	width	heights
AC-40 (375)
AC-40 (131) 137	11 050
AC-40 (130E) 126
AC-40 (130) 63A
ACS-40 (131) 42B	11 160
AN-40 (127)
ANR-40 (127A)
AN-45 (375)
AVPT
AA-60 (543) 160
PNS-110 (131)	10EOO
AR-2
AL-130 (131)
Car lift
"Bronto-Lift ZZO" on the chassis
KamAZ

Neglect of the data given in the table can not only significantly slow down combat deployment, but also lead to an accident or breakdown of fire equipment and, as a consequence, the impossibility of performing a combat mission to extinguish a fire.

The combat deployment of a fire brigade consists of the following stages:

1) preparation for combat deployment, which is carried out upon arrival at the fire simultaneously with reconnaissance and includes:

installation of fire trucks on water sources with connection of suction hoses and water injection into the pump;

removal of fasteners for fire-fighting equipment;

switching on the pump of the tanker truck to the operating position without installing it on the water source and connecting the hose line with the barrel to the pump fitting;

holding other preparatory activities G, depending on local conditions, for example, preparing a site for installing additional fire trucks on an open water source, finding additional hydrants and clearing them in winter conditions, creation of sites for maneuvering fire trucks, etc .;

2) preliminary deployment, which is carried out in the case when, by external signs of a fire, it is immediately possible to determine the direction of laying the main hose lines, or one of the meeting persons will indicate this direction. In addition to the actions carried out in preparation for a combat deployment, it is necessary to lay main lines and install forks, bring hoses for working lines, trunks, ladders, etc., to them;

3) full combat deployment, which can be carried out immediately upon the arrival of a unit to a fire, or after preparation or preliminary deployment. The gunmen enter positions by the shortest and safest ways, using fire escapes, articulated lifts for this, removing obstacles by opening and disassembling structures, etc.

All work on the deployment of forces should be carried out in such a way that the actions of one firefighter do not impede the subsequent actions of other firefighters. For an unimpeded, quick and most expedient deployment of additional forces and means, there must be a free area (area) in front of the fire site.

One of the most common mistakes made by fire brigades is the arrival of cars

Rice. 1. Scheme of combat deployment from a tanker when feeding two barrels B

Rice. 2. Scheme of combat deployment when supplying GPS through foam inserts

a - when supplying GPS-600; b - when submitting GPS-2000

Rice. 3. Supply of GPS by means of a foam lifter

Rice. 4. Schemes of combat deployment P NS-110

Rice. 5. Diagram of the full combat deployment of the GDZS vehicle

directly to the place of burning, while the cars are parked haphazardly, and in a short time the adjacent streets and territory are cluttered with additional arriving forces. All this complicates further maneuvering, the approach of the necessary fire trucks is difficult or delayed, and the traffic stops. Especially often, such situations arise when forces and means are concentrated quickly enough, and the work of the rear has not yet been organized. In this case, the commanders of the arriving fire brigades must show organization and discipline, which will greatly contribute to a successful combat deployment.

Another typical mistake encountered when giving an order for combat deployment is the incomplete use of the tactical capabilities of the unit and fire fighting equipment. For example, there are very frequent cases when a tanker compartment is tasked with conducting a combat deployment with the supply of only one barrel. B to extinguish a fire, although tactical capabilities allow, and the current situation requires the supply of two such barrels at once.

This applies equally to errors in the use of tactical and technical capabilities others, including special fire departments and vehicles. Often on fires, when opening structures, they do not use an electrified or mechanized tool, while the cars of the GDZS and technical service are idle. Often, there are two squads of fighters and units of two fire trucks work where the task could be handled by one unit of the GDZS. The maximum and effective use of the tactical capabilities of fire departments during combat deployment is the key to successful fire extinguishing. In fig. Figures 1-6 show some combat deployment schemes.

Combat deployment - the actions of personnel to bring the fire trucks arriving to the place of call in a state of readiness to perform combat missions to extinguish fires.

Combat deployment includes the following steps:

· Preparation for combat deployment.

· Preliminary combat deployment.

· Full combat deployment.

Preparation for combat deployment is carried out upon arrival at the place of call (fire). In this case, the following actions are performed:

· Installation of a fire engine at the water source and bringing the fire pump into working condition.

· Detachment of the necessary fire-fighting equipment.

· Connection of the hose line with the barrel to the discharge branch pipe of the pump, unless otherwise specified by the RTP.

Preliminary combat deployment at the place of call (fire) is carried out in cases where further organization of actions to extinguish the fire is obvious or an order from the RTP has been received.

With a preliminary combat deployment of forces and assets:

· Perform actions to prepare for combat deployment.

· Lay the main hose lines.

· Install branches, near which sleeves and trunks are placed for laying working lines, other necessary fire-fighting equipment.

1-2

(2)

3-4

1-2

b)

AT 4

1-2

3-4

1-2

PG-1

v)

AT 5

3-4

1, 2, 3

3-4

AT 4

(2)

PG-1

1-2

b)

AT 4

(2)

PG-1

1-2

1(2)

v)

AT 4

(2)

PG-1

1-2

1(3)

2(4)

Figure 21. Full deployment of a tanker compartment with its installation on a fire hydrant

a - with the supply of three barrels B;

b - with the supply of one barrel A and one barrel B;

c - with the supply of two barrels GPS-600

12. Standards for fire drill preparation (extraction).

Standards for fire drill training are temporary, quantitative and qualitative indicators of the performance of certain tasks, techniques and actions by individual employees (workers), departments, duty guards (shifts), fire departments in compliance with the sequence (order) provided for by the instructions, rules, manuals and instructions.

The standards are considered fulfilled if during the work the conditions for their fulfillment are met and there have been no violations of the requirements of manuals, rules, manuals and instructions, including safety measures.

If, while working out (checking the fulfillment) of the standard, the trainees made at least one mistake that can lead to injury to personnel, damage to fire-fighting equipment, rescue equipment, protective equipment, the fulfillment of the standard is terminated and is assessed “unsatisfactory”.

Discovered technical issues in the course of fulfilling the standards, they are not eliminated (if they do not interfere with the fulfillment of the standard and do not pose a danger to life and health), the trainee, after fulfilling the standard, must report the identified malfunctions.

The time of fulfillment of the standard by an employee (employee), department, guard on duty (shift), subdivision is counted by a stopwatch in the manner set out in the conditions of the standard. All standards are fulfilled in combat clothing and equipment for the season. The beginning of the fulfillment of the standard is a given command (alarm signal), the end is in the order set forth in the conditions of the standard.

The conditions and time for meeting the standards are determined for personnel up to 30 years old and summer time.

When the standard is fulfilled on fire engines with front and side suction nozzles, the time for meeting the standards is increased by 2 seconds, with water supply - by 5 seconds, with foam supply - by 7 seconds for each sleeve of the working and main lines (one longest line ).

Table 182

Conditions and norms for the fulfillment of standards with fire equipment and fire-fighting equipment

P / p No.	Standard type	Time estimate, s	Conditions for fulfilling the standard
Great	OK	satisfactorily
	Donning combat clothing and equipment				1. Combat clothing and equipment are packed in any way. A belt with a carbine attached to it and a fire ax in a holster lies under the clothes. The caddy can be located next to the packed combat clothing or inside the helmet. Tarpaulin mittens (leggings) are put in the pockets of the jacket, in the absence of pockets - under the belt. 2. The firefighter stands at attention, one meter away from combat clothing and equipment, facing them. 3. End: combat clothing and equipment are dressed, the jacket is buttoned (hooks), the belt is buttoned and tucked under the buckle, the chin strap of the helmet is tightened.
	Putting on a heat-reflecting suit				1. The suit is taken out of the bag and placed on the table (shelf). 2. A firefighter in the "attention" position in combat clothing and equipment stands one meter away from the suit, facing him. 3. Ending: semi-overalls are dressed and secured with shoulder straps. Jacket in metallic fabric is dressed and buttoned. A helmet-mask with a cape is worn over the helmet and buttoned, gloves are worn.
	Putting on the TK-800 heat-reflective suit	for correctness	1. Firefighter in casual clothes with two assistants stands one meter from the prepared suit. 2. Put on overalls and boots 3. Put on Breathe-helping machine with compressed air or instrumentation. 4. Put on the upper part of the overalls, fasten the tightening straps, close the protective flap, leave one upper tightening strap and one upper button of the protective flap unbuttoned. 5. Carry out a combat check of the instrumentation or open the valve of the ACV cylinder to failure (the reserve of the breathing apparatus with compressed air must be included). Engage in a breathing apparatus. Put on a fireman's helmet 6. End: the hood and gloves are on, the tightening strap is fastened
	Collection and departure on alarm (with boarding the car outside the garage gate)	1. Combat clothing and equipment are packed as determined by the condition for fulfilling standard 1.
branches				2. The personnel of the guard on duty is in the guardroom and is located at random. Getting into the car is done after combat clothing and equipment are fully worn. It is allowed to fasten combat clothing and put on a firefighter belt in the cab of the car
guard of two or more squads				3. End: the car is outside the garage door, the squad (s) personnel are in the car. The doors are closed. The result is recorded when the last door of the car (s) is closed. Note: For vehicles with a KAMAZ brake system, the standard time is increased by 60 s.
	Laying a hose line with a barrel (barrel is indicated) 40 m long from a column installed on a hydrant				1. Fire fighting equipment is folded one meter from the column. The firefighter stands at attention near the equipment. 2. End: the hose line is laid, the trunk is attached to the hose line, the fireman is in combat position.
	Laying a trunk line with a diameter of 77 mm by one firefighter for:	1. Sleeves in rolls are laid in the compartments of the fire engine. 2. End: the line is assembled (with branching) and connected to the discharge pipe of the pump. The result is recorded over the last connection.
3 sleeves
4 sleeves
5 sleeves
6 sleeves
7 sleeves
	Laying of the main line with a diameter of 77 mm by the calculation of 2 people for:	1. Sleeves in rolls (in "accordion") are laid in the compartments of the fire engine. 2. End: the line is assembled (with branching) and connected to the discharge pipe of the pump. The result is recorded over the last connection.
5 sleeves
6 sleeves
7 sleeves
8 sleeves
10 sleeves
	Laying a trunk line with a diameter of 77 mm by a calculation of 3 people for:	1. Sleeves in rolls (in "accordion") are laid in the compartments of the fire engine. 2. End: the line is assembled (with branching) and connected to the discharge pipe of the pump. The result is recorded over the last connection.
6 sleeves
7 sleeves
8 sleeves
10 sleeves
	Tying a double rescue loop without putting it on the rescued person				1. The firefighter stands at attention. 2. A rescue rope, coiled into a ball, is in a case with a strap worn over the fireman's shoulder. 3. End: the rescue loop is tied
	Tying a double rescue loop with putting it on the rescued person				1. The firefighter stands at attention, one meter away from the rescuer, lying on his back. 2. The rescue rope, coiled into a ball, is in a case with a strap put on over the fireman's shoulder 3. End: the rescue loop is tied, put on the rescuer, the long end of the rope is wound on a carabiner
	Attaching the rescue rope to the building structure (in one of four ways)				1. The firefighter stands at attention one meter from the place where the rope is attached to the structure. 2. A rescue rope, coiled into a ball, is in a case with a strap put on over the fireman's shoulder 3. End: the rope is fixed to the structure, the knot is securely tied
	Coiling the rescue rope into a ball 30 (50) m long	for correctness	1. The firefighter stands at attention one meter from the unwound rope, one end of which is in the fireman's hand. 2. End: the rope is wound into a ball, the free end of the rope is tucked into the middle of the ball and placed in a cover.
	Climbing a stationary ladder to a given height:	1. A firefighter stands at a stick-ladder, attached to a stationary ladder, holds on to the bowstrings with both hands, his right (left) leg is on the first step. 2. End: the firefighter stands with both feet at a given height, secured to the rung of the stairs with a carabiner. The result is recorded by securing the carabiner. Note: When using a stick ladder, the time is increased by 5 seconds.
8 m
12 m
16 m
20 m
	Climbing a stationary ladder with a dry hose line with an attached trunk (the trunk is indicated) to a given height:	1. The firefighter stands at the entrance to the stairs, the hose line in the rolls is at the firefighter's feet, the connecting heads are connected, one end of the line with the attached barrel is thrown over the left shoulder, the barrel to the back. 2. Ending: the firefighter stands with both feet at a given height, secured with a carabiner to the step of the ladder, the hose line is secured with a delay.
8 m
12 m
16 m
20 m
	Climbing the ladder extended to:	1. The ladder is installed and extended to a predetermined height at an angle of inclination of 70 degrees, the firefighter stands at the entrance to the ladder. 2. End: the firefighter has reached the specified height and secured himself with a carabiner to the last step of the ladder. The result is recorded by securing the carbine. Note: When using a stick ladder, the time is increased by 5 seconds.
15 m
20 m
25 m
30 m
35 m
40 m
45 m
50 m
	Ascent along an auto-ladder with a dry hose line with an attached barrel (specify the type of barrel) to a given height:	1. The firefighter stands at the entrance to the stairs, the hose line in the rolls is at the firefighter's feet, the connecting heads are connected, one end of the line with the attached barrel is thrown over the left shoulder, the barrel to the back. 2. End: the fireman has reached the specified height and secured with a carabiner to the penultimate rung of the ladder, the hose line is secured with a delay. The result is fixed by fixing the delay.
15 m
20 m
25 m
30 m
	Carrying and suspension of the assault ladder				1. The ladder lies on the seventh step on the start line (32 m 25 cm from the base of the training tower). The firefighter stands in a convenient position for him at the start line, without touching the start line with his hands or feet and without lifting the ladder off the ground. 2. End: the ladder is suspended from the window of the 2nd floor of the training tower for the entire length of the hook. The result is recorded when the hook touches the upper surface of the window sill.
	Hanging up assault ladder to the 4th floor of the training tower				1. The ladder is suspended from the windowsill of the 2nd floor of the training tower. The firefighter with his left (right) foot stood on the first step, holding on to the bowstrings with his hands. 2. End: the firefighter touched the floor of the 4th floor of the training tower with two feet. The result is recorded by touching the floor with the second foot.
	Climbing the assault ladder to the 4th floor of the training tower				1. The ladder lies on the seventh step on the start line (32 m 25 cm from the base of the training tower). The firefighter stands in a convenient position for him at the start line, without touching the start line with his hands or feet and without lifting the ladder off the ground. 2. End: the firefighter touched the floor of the 4th floor of the training tower with two feet. The result is recorded by touching the floor with the second foot.
	Climbing the installed retractable ladder to the window of the 3rd floor of the training tower				1. A retractable ladder is installed and secured to the seventh step, the first number stands near the ladder, holds the bowstrings with his hands, the left leg is on the first (second) step. The second number stands between the wall and the stairs, presses and holds it. 2. End: the first issue touched the floor of the 3rd floor of the training tower with both feet. The result is recorded by touching the floor with the second foot
	Installation of a retractable ladder in the window of the 3rd floor of the training tower				1. The retractable ladder is laid and fixed on the roof of the car, which is 30 m from the base of the training tower (the rear wheel axle coincides with the 30 m mark). The hose reel is removed. 2. Two firefighters are at the rear wheel of the vehicle behind the start line. 3. End: the retractable ladder is removed, moved, installed and secured to the seventh step. The first number stands half a step from the stairs facing it, the second number stands between the wall and the stairs. The result is recorded by touching the bowstring of the stairs to the windowsill
	Installation and climbing a retractable ladder to the window of the 3rd floor of the training tower				1. The retractable ladder is laid and fixed on the roof of the car, which is 30 m from the base of the training tower (the rear wheel axle coincides with the 30 m mark). The hose reel is removed. 2. Two firefighters are at the rear wheel of the car behind the start line 3. End: the first number touched the floor of the 3rd floor of the training tower with two feet. The result is recorded by touching the floor with the second foot.
	Overcoming a 100-meter obstacle course				1. A firefighter with a barrel stands in a convenient position for him at the start line, without touching the start line with his hands or feet (the barrel is in any position). 2. End: obstacles are overcome, the distance is over; the trunk will adjoin the hose line, the sleeves are interconnected and attached to the branch. Note: the placement of obstacles and the conditions for overcoming them must comply with the Competition Rules for fire-applied sports.

Conditions and norms for fulfilling the standards for combat deployment from the main fire trucks

Table 183

Standard No.		Combat crew, people	Time estimate, s
n m / d m	n 1 / d 1	n 2 / d 2	Great	OK	satisfactorily
	–	–	–		26 (40)	29 (43)	32 (46)	1. A tank truck (pump and hose truck) is installed at the hydrant. 2. End: the column is screwed all the way onto the hydrant riser, the suction hoses are connected. The time with the start-up of water from the discharge pipe is indicated in brackets.
	–	–	–		39 (75)	45 (82)	52 (88)	1. A tank truck (pump and hose truck) is installed near the reservoir, equipped with two suction hoses, 4 meters each. 2. End: the suction hose line is assembled, the suction net rope is unwound, the free end of the rope is attached to the structure or the suction hose. The time with the start of water is indicated in brackets.
	–	–	–		72 (110)	80 (121)	88 (132)	1. A tank truck (pump and hose truck) is installed near the reservoir, equipped with four suction hoses, 2 meters each. 2. End: the suction hose line is assembled, the suction net rope is unwound, the free end of the rope is attached to the structure or the suction hose. The time with the start of water is indicated in brackets
	-	2/51	-					1. The tank truck is installed on the site 2. End: the engine is switched to the pump, the hose line is laid, the connecting heads are connected, the fireman with the barrel is in position, the driver is at the pump
3/51

Standard No.	Number of sleeves n, diameter d	Combat crew, people	Time estimate, s	Combat deployment scheme and conditions for fulfilling the standard
n m / d m	n 1 / d 1	n 2 / d 2	Great	OK	satisfactorily
	-	2/51	-					1. The tank truck is installed on the site 2. End: the engine is switched to the pump, the hose line is laid, the connecting heads are connected, the fireman with the barrel is in position, the driver is at the pump
3/51
	3/77	2/51	–					1. A tanker truck is installed near the reservoir (hydrant). 2. End: the tank truck is installed on the reservoir (hydrant), hose lines are laid and connected, the fireman with the barrel is in position, the driver is at the pump The time with filling the pump with water is indicated in parentheses
3 – 4	63 (70)	70 (75)	77 (80)
5 – 6	47 (70)	52 (75)	57 (80)
4/77	2/51	–
	67 (70)	75 (75)
	63 (70)	70 (75)	77 (80)
5 – 6	54 (70)	62 (75)	68 (80)
6/77	2/51	–
5 – 6	67 (70)	75 (75)

Table 184

Time of operations with fire-fighting equipment

P / p No.	Operations	t	± Dt
	Roll out a pressure head fire hose with a diameter of 51-77 mm on a horizontal surface:
	single roll (for a pressure head fire hose with a diameter of 51 mm)	4,0	0,35
	double roll (for a pressure head fire hose with a diameter of 77mm)	7,0	0,57
	Connect pressure connection heads with a diameter of 51-77 mm	1,5	0,16
	Connect the pressure connection heads of the suction hoses with a diameter:
	77mm	4,0	0,48
	(not threaded) 125-150mm	6,0	0,8
	Install the column on the hydrant	9,0	1,0
	Open the hydrant lid	2,0	0,2
	Open the cap of the hydrant	2,0	0,2
	Supply water to the column	13,0	0,54
	Open the column valve	8,0	0,5
	Move with the hose reel at a distance of 100 m:
	sleeveless	35,0	1,3
	with rolled sleeves	40,0	1,4
	Roll out the pressure hose with a diameter of 51-66 mm along the staircase of the staircase	12,0	1,1
	Fasten pressure fire hose	2,0	0,3
	Lower the rescue rope 1 m	0,3	0,03
	Lower (raise) pressure hoses in the floors of buildings by 1 m	2,0	0,08
	Unwind the rope on the suction net	10,0	1,0

Control signals

Rice. 1. Collection of the compartment Fig. 2. Attention

Rice. 3. Submit the hand gun. Fig. 4. Submit the fire monitor

Rice. 5. Submit the foamy fire nozzle. Fig. 6. Supply water

Rice. 7. Shut off the water supply Fig. 8. Stick ladder

Rice. 9. Storming ladder Fig. 10. Retractable ladder

Rice. 11. Top Fig. 12. Down

Rice. 13. Danger - retreat Fig. 14. Put on the insulating gas mask

Rice. 15. Remove the gas mask Fig. 16. Calling for medical assistance

Rice. 17. I do not understand - repeat the signal Fig. 18. Hang up.
BIBLIOGRAPHY.

1. Federal Law No. 123-FZ of July 22, 2008 "Technical Regulations on the Requirements fire safety».

2. GOST 12.1.033 - 81 * Occupational safety standards Fire safety. Terms and Definitions.

3. GOST 12.1.004 - 91 * SSBT Fire safety. General requirements.

4. GOST 27331 - 87 Fire fighting equipment. Fire classification.

5. Ivannikov V.P., Klyus P.P. Reference book of the head of extinguishing the fire. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1987 .-- 288p .: ill.

6. Povzik Ya.S. Reference book of the head of extinguishing the fire. - M .: JSC "SPETSTEKHNIKA", 2001. - 361s.

7. Terebnev V.V. Reference book of the head of extinguishing the fire. Tactical capabilities of fire departments. - M .: Pozhkniga, 2004 - 256s., Ill.

8. Terebnev V.V. "Handbook of a rescuer-firefighter". - M .: Pozhkniga, 2006 - 528s.

L E K C I Z

on fire tactics for cadets and first-year students

specialty 280104.65 "Fire safety" on topic No. 5:

“Combat deployment. Actions during combat deployment "

Discussed at a meeting of the Department of OP and PASR.

Minutes No. ___ dated "___" ________ 201_

St. Petersburg

I. Objectives of the lesson

1. Educational: To study the features of forecasting and development of fires.

2. Developing: Develop tactical thinking among cadets (students).

3. Educational: To instill in cadets (students) a sense of responsibility for making tactical decisions.

II. Calculating study time

III. Literature

The main

1. Artamonov V.S., Bessmertnov V.F., Skoptsov A.A., Shirinkin P.V. "Fire Tactics in Questions and Answers": Tutorial... SPb .: St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, 2009.

2. Reshetov A.P., Basharichev A.V., Klui V.V. "Fire tactics": a textbook. SPb .: St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, 2011.

3. Basharichev A.V., Reshetov A.P., Shirinkin P.V. Fire tactics .: Teaching aid for solving fire-tactical problems. SPb .: St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, 2009.

Additional

1. Povzik Ya.S. Fire tactics. M .: Spetstekhnika, 2001.

2. Povzik Y.S. Reference book of the head of extinguishing the fire. M .: Spetstekhnika, 2001.

4. Organizational and methodological guidelines for tactical training of the commanding staff of the federal fire service of the EMERCOM of Russia (approved on June 24, 2007)

Normative legal documents

1. Federal Law No. 69-FZ "On Fire Safety" dated 21.12.1994.

2. Federal Law No. 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" dated 22.07.2008.

3. GOST 12.1.114-82g. Fire fighting equipment. Graphic designations. 1982 g.

4. PROCEDURE for extinguishing fires by fire departments. Approved by the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia from 31.03.2011 № 156 , Registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia registration No. 20970 dated 09.10.2011

5. PROCEDURE for organizing service in fire departments. Approved by the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia from 05.04.2011 № 167 , Registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia registration No. 20868 of 05/25/2011

IV. Educational and material support:

1. Technical teaching aids: computer technology, multimedia projector.

Combat Deployment Stages

Combat deployment- actions of the personnel to bring the fire trucks arriving to the place of call in a state of readiness to perform combat missions to extinguish fires.

Combat deployment includes the following steps:

Preparing for combat deployment;

Preliminary combat deployment;

Full combat deployment.

Combat deployment from the first tanker truck arriving at the scene of the fire is carried out with the supply of the first barrel in the decisive direction.

Preparing for combat deployment carried out immediately upon arrival at the place of call (fire). Wherein the following actions are performed:

Installation of a fire truck on a water source and bringing the pump into working condition;

Detachment of the necessary fire-fighting equipment;

Connection of a hose line with a barrel to the discharge branch pipe of the pump, unless otherwise specified by the RTP.

Pre-combat deployment at the place of the call (fire) is carried out in cases when the further organization of hostilities is obvious or an order of the RTP is received.

With preliminary combat deployment:

Prepare for combat deployment;

Main hose lines are laid;

Branches are installed, near which sleeves and trunks are placed for laying working lines, other necessary fire-fighting equipment.

Full combat deployment at the place of call (fire) is carried out at the direction of the RTP, as well as in the case of an obvious need to supply fire extinguishing agents.

With full combat deployment:

Perform preparation and preliminary combat deployment;

Determine the combat positions of the trunk operators, to which the working hose lines are laid;

The main and working (in the presence of overlapping shafts) hose lines are filled with fire extinguishing agents.

The maximum number of combat crews is: 5-6 people on tank trucks, 7-9 people on motor pumps, however, the number of combat crews is much less.

Considering that the tactical and technical data of the main fire trucks is much wider than the physical capabilities of combat crews, and the level of mechanization of labor-intensive work associated with the combat deployment of units is insufficient, garrisons use various methods of combat use of the main fire trucks and interaction between the numbers of combat crews in squads and between them.

The period of combat deployment of subunits in the face of a fire from the beginning of the deployment of the first subunit to the end of the last is the duration of the input of forces and means to extinguish the fire.

We will consider what factors determine the time of combat deployment of one subunit participating in the process of introducing forces and means.

The speed of combat deployment depends on the conditions of the fire, physical fitness, tactical and psychological preparation personnel of subunits, as well as their number in a combat crew, types and types of introduced barrels, places of their introduction, methods and techniques of combat deployment.

In the practice of fire departments, there are methods of combat deployment: manual, mechanized, combined. Mechanized deployment methods are the most effective, but they are still underdeveloped. Combined deployment methods are most commonly used.

The main indicator of combat deployment is the speed of laying the hose lines, which depends on the methods of laying the hose lines: from rolls, from an accordion, or using hose reels and vehicles horizontally; along the flights of stairs, between flights, from the rolls from top to bottom, lifting the lines along the rescue rope, auto-ladders, articulated lifts vertically.

The time of a combat deployment largely depends on the optimality of its layout. The basis of combat deployment can be based on the principle of choosing pumping and hose systems that make it possible to provide the necessary supply of fire extinguishing agents to the greatest distance or to the greatest height in the shortest time.

The scheme should allow not only the consumption of the extinguishing agent required in this moment, but also maximum when the pump is running at full capacity.

According to this principle, any scheme for supplying a fire extinguishing agent, if it is not designed for the maximum flow of the pump, must be designed so that it is possible, for example, by connecting a second main line to a pump or a working one to a branch, to increase the throughput of the circuit to the maximum.

The combat deployment scheme should provide the necessary pressure of the extinguishing agent at the control point (at the barrel nozzle, foam generator, etc.) and be optimal in this situation in the event of a fire.

Determination of optimal pumping and hose systems can be carried out using the analytical method, i.e., by means of hydraulic calculations or using special tables, graphs, nomograms, counting rulers or an exposure meter.

To solve the problem under consideration, it is necessary to have the following initial data: the type and consumption of the introduced barrels for extinguishing or protection; the height of the marks of the gunners' combat positions; characteristics of the terrain adjacent to the fire site; distance from water sources to the point of introduction of shafts; tactical and technical data of fire trucks.

It would seem that a person and a source of water are enough to extinguish the fire. In fact, the activity of rescuers is the management of a large economy: cars, technical means, devices. They need to be delivered to the place of fire, set up for working condition. These actions are called combat deployment of forces and assets in a fire.

All activities of firefighters to rescue people, property, extinguish a fire are equated to military operations. Each step, work, deeds, starting from the arrival of a call for a fire, are performed in a strict order. This order is established in accordance with guidelines, enacted by the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations No. 43-2007-18 dated May 26, 2010. All activities are subdivided into the following areas:

1. Receiving a call, handling a fire call.
2. Departure, following to the object of fire.
3. Exploration.
4. Rescue work.
5. Deployment of forces and means in the event of a fire.
6. Putting out the fire.
7. Collection, return.

The forces and means include:

• personnel (firefighters);
• fire and rescue equipment;
• means of communication;
• fire extinguishing agents;
• other technical devices.

Deployment means the actions of personnel to install rescue personnel in positions and, bringing them to a state of combat readiness to extinguish the fire. A position is a place where forces, means for conducting rescue operations, combat operations to extinguish a fire are located.

Stages

The number of stages of deployment of forces and means in a fire is provided for only three:

1. Preparation.
2. Preliminary.
3. Full deployment.

Firefighters begin the first stage immediately after arriving at the fire site. Preparing for deployment consists of the following:

1. Installation of automotive equipment at a water source.
2. Installation of the pump in working condition.
3. Hose line connection.

In the event that further organization of extinguishing the fire is envisaged, upon receipt of instructions from the head of extinguishing the fire (RTP), after completing the preparation, the preliminary deployment stage is performed:

1. Lines (trunk, working) are connected, laid.
2. Branches of sleeves and trunks are installed.

The full deployment of forces and means in a fire occurs when the supply of an agent (fire extinguishing agent) is required. For this, at the direction of the RTP, the following activities are carried out after the organization of the preparation and the preliminary stage:

1. Assigning the positions of the owners.
2. Laying of hose lines.

• Filling of OV hose lines.

Preparing for deployment

The first phase of combat deployment is the base on which all further fire activities are based. At many sites, fire extinguishing plans and cards are prepared in advance. These documents are created by order of the head of the garrison with the written permission of the owner (manager) of the facility.

The plans outline the deployment of the main fire trucks to quickly and efficiently position fire trucks. It also considers the most likely scenarios for the development of events, contains other operational and tactical information.

Laying of hose lines is carried out in compliance with the rules:

• Fire sleeves are folded into accordions, rolls, packs. To straighten the roll, the end is fixed in the left hand, and the roll is folded back in the selected direction with the right. The sleeves, folded with an accordion and a pack, are straightened from the side of the connecting head (in the direction of fire).
• Lines are drawn inside the building along flights of stairs or between them. Outside the building, the lines are drawn using manual, car ladders or lifts.
• Sleeve saddles are used through fences, tramways, railways, ditches, and other obstacles, bridges or sleeves are placed under the rails between the sleepers.

More accurate information on planning the activities of firefighters can be found in the book "Fundamentals of Scientific Research of Operational-Tactical Actions".

Fire and rescue equipment

The effectiveness of extinguishing a fire primarily depends on the availability of fire and rescue equipment. Today, the following devices are used to save people:

Name	Drawing	Appointment
Ladder		They are used for rescue operations from great heights, as well as for lifting firefighters, fire extinguishing equipment.
Car lift
Individual rope and descent device		It is used for descent, rescue of people who cannot be reached by other means.
Jumping device		Designed to rescue people falling from great heights, extinguish kinetic energy.
Rescue sleeve		It is used to rescue a large number of people from the upper floors of buildings in a short period of time.

Fire extinguishing vehicles are divided into main ( general use, target) and special:

View	Name	Drawing	Appointment
Basic general use	Tank trucks		It is used for the transportation of personnel, equipment and weapons, as well as for rescue operations, fire extinguishing, equipped with a tank for extinguishing agents (OF), a pump, means for supplying an OM.
	Pump and hose trucks		Delivers personnel to the place of fire, equipped with a set of hoses, a pump.
	First aid machines		It is applied for initial stage fire. It transports a unit of rescuers, equipped with a pumping unit, storage tanks.
	High pressure pump technology		Used to extinguish fire in high-rise buildings.
	Fire and rescue		In addition to the pump, the OV tank, the set of hoses, it has equipment for lifting rescuers to the fire site, for carrying out rescue operations.
Main target	Aerodrome		Has special equipment for eliminating the consequences of fires, aircraft crashes.
	Powder, foam, combined, gas, gas-water extinguishing		Equipped with special devices for education, supply of OV.
	Auto pump stations		It is used for water supply in case of complex branching of hoses in a large fire.
	Foam lifters		Equipped with a lifting boom with foam generators.
Special	Diagnostic vehicles, fire fighting equipment, auto laboratory, compressor station, gas and smoke protection service, smoke removal, communication equipment repair, operational and service, etc.

This is not a complete list of techniques. In order to act quickly, constant training of fire brigade personnel is necessary.

Methodical plan

Suction heads: a) GDV; b) SMOA; c) GZV Combined hand fire nozzles a) ORT-50 and ORT-50A; b) SRVD-2/300 with hose reel KRVD-400-60 (90); c) SVPR

All group, individual trainings are carried out in accordance with the methodological training plans. During the lessons, one gets acquainted with all types of machinery and equipment. All members of the combat crew work out an individual order of actions during the combat deployment of firefighters. For example:

Participants of the combat crew	Procedure
Part-commander	Supervises the stages of deployment of forces and means in a fire
1st firefighter	Lays workers, trunk lines, works with the trunk.
2nd	Lays working, trunk lines. Together with the 3rd firefighter, installs a sliding ladder. Uses a tool to cut electrical wires.
3rd	Helps to lay lines. Installs a ladder. Works as an entrenching tool.
driver	Places the machine on a water source. Switches the motor to pump operation. Provides water supply, foam.

It is worth noting that for all types of work, including at the stages of combat deployment in a fire, there are temporary performance standards that are worked out for practical exercises... In addition, competitions are held for all types of combat deployment in the fire brigade.

General information

Trunk hose lines are usually laid from pressure fire hoses with a diameter of 77 mm or more. up to several kilometers long. For laying hose lines of this length, as a rule, they are used

Firefighting sleeve vehicles

Firefighting hose vehicles (AR): A fire engine designed for transporting fire hoses and mechanized laying and cleaning of trunk hose lines, extinguishing fires with water or air-foam jets using a stationary or portable fire monitors
and pressure fire hoses with a diameter of 150mm.

The issue of determining the maximum length of the main hose line is one of the applied issues in the calculation of pumping and hose systems. The problem of determining the maximum possible length of trunk hose lines often arises when extinguishing large fires.

You can read more about the calculation of the limiting length of hose lines in the article: Determination of the limiting distance of the OTV supply >>

When laying trunk hose lines across the carriageways, hose bridges are used to protect fire hoses from a burst when vehicles run over them.

In winter, at negative air temperatures, it is recommended to lay reserve hose lines for quick replacement in case of freezing of the main ones.

L E K C I Z

on fire tactics for cadets and first-year students

specialty 280104.65 "Fire safety" on topic No. 5:

“Combat deployment. Actions during combat deployment "

Discussed at a meeting of the Department of OP and PASR.

Minutes No. ___ dated "___" ________ 201_

St. Petersburg

I. Objectives of the lesson

1. Educational: To study the features of forecasting and development of fires.

2. Developing: Develop tactical thinking among cadets (students).

3. Educational: To instill in cadets (students) a sense of responsibility for making tactical decisions.

II. Calculating study time

III. Literature

The main

1. Artamonov V.S., Bessmertnov V.F., Skoptsov A.A., Shirinkin P.V. “Fire Tactics in Questions and Answers”: Textbook. SPb .: St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, 2009.

2. Reshetov A.P., Basharichev A.V., Klui V.V. "Fire tactics": a textbook. SPb .: St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, 2011.

3. Basharichev A.V., Reshetov A.P., Shirinkin P.V. Fire tactics .: Teaching aid for solving fire-tactical problems. SPb .: St. Petersburg University of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia, 2009.

Additional

1. Povzik Ya.S. Fire tactics. M .: Spetstekhnika, 2001.

2. Povzik Y.S. Reference book of the head of extinguishing the fire. M .: Spetstekhnika, 2001.

4. Organizational and methodological guidelines for tactical training of the commanding staff of the federal fire service of the EMERCOM of Russia (approved on June 24, 2007)

Normative legal documents

1. Federal Law No. 69-FZ "On Fire Safety" dated 21.12.1994.

2. Federal Law No. 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" dated 22.07.2008.

3. GOST 12.1.114-82g. Fire fighting equipment. Graphic designations. 1982 g.

4. PROCEDURE for extinguishing fires by fire departments. Approved by the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia from 31.03.2011 № 156 , Registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia registration No. 20970 dated 09.10.2011

5. PROCEDURE for organizing service in fire departments. Approved by the order of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia from 05.04.2011 № 167 , Registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia registration No. 20868 of 05/25/2011

IV. Educational and material support:

1. Technical teaching aids: computer technology, multimedia projector.

Combat Deployment Stages

Combat deployment- actions of the personnel to bring the fire trucks arriving to the place of call in a state of readiness to perform combat missions to extinguish fires.

Combat deployment includes the following steps:

Preparing for combat deployment;

Preliminary combat deployment;

Full combat deployment.

Combat deployment from the first tanker truck arriving at the scene of the fire is carried out with the supply of the first barrel in the decisive direction.

Preparing for combat deployment carried out immediately upon arrival at the place of call (fire). Wherein the following actions are performed:

Installation of a fire truck on a water source and bringing the pump into working condition;

Detachment of the necessary fire-fighting equipment;

Connection of a hose line with a barrel to the discharge branch pipe of the pump, unless otherwise specified by the RTP.

Pre-combat deployment at the place of the call (fire) is carried out in cases when the further organization of hostilities is obvious or an order of the RTP is received.

With preliminary combat deployment:

Prepare for combat deployment;

Main hose lines are laid;

Branches are installed, near which sleeves and trunks are placed for laying working lines, other necessary fire-fighting equipment.

Full combat deployment at the place of call (fire) is carried out at the direction of the RTP, as well as in the case of an obvious need to supply fire extinguishing agents.

With full combat deployment:

Perform preparation and preliminary combat deployment;

Determine the combat positions of the trunk operators, to which the working hose lines are laid;

The main and working (in the presence of overlapping shafts) hose lines are filled with fire extinguishing agents.

The maximum number of combat crews is: 5-6 people on tank trucks, 7-9 people on motor pumps, however, the number of combat crews is much less.

Considering that the tactical and technical data of the main fire trucks is much wider than the physical capabilities of combat crews, and the level of mechanization of labor-intensive work associated with the combat deployment of units is insufficient, garrisons use various methods of combat use of the main fire trucks and interaction between the numbers of combat crews in squads and between them.

The period of combat deployment of subunits in the face of a fire from the beginning of the deployment of the first subunit to the end of the last is the duration of the input of forces and means to extinguish the fire.

We will consider what factors determine the time of combat deployment of one subunit participating in the process of introducing forces and means.

The speed of combat deployment depends on the conditions of the fire situation, physical fitness, tactical and psychological training of subunit personnel, as well as on their number in the combat crew, types and types of barrels introduced, the place of their introduction, methods and techniques of combat deployment.

In the practice of fire departments, there are methods of combat deployment: manual, mechanized, combined. Mechanized deployment methods are the most effective, but they are still underdeveloped. Combined deployment methods are most commonly used.

The main indicator of combat deployment is the speed of laying the hose lines, which depends on the methods of laying the hose lines: from rolls, from an accordion, or using hose reels and vehicles horizontally; along the flights of stairs, between flights, from the rolls from top to bottom, lifting the lines along the rescue rope, auto-ladders, articulated lifts vertically.

The time of a combat deployment largely depends on the optimality of its layout. The basis of combat deployment can be based on the principle of choosing pumping and hose systems that make it possible to provide the necessary supply of fire extinguishing agents to the greatest distance or to the greatest height in the shortest time.

The circuit should allow not only the consumption of the extinguishing agent required at the moment, but also the maximum when the pump is operating at full power.

According to this principle, any scheme for supplying a fire extinguishing agent, if it is not designed for the maximum flow of the pump, must be designed so that it is possible, for example, by connecting a second main line to a pump or a working one to a branch, to increase the throughput of the circuit to the maximum.

The combat deployment scheme should provide the necessary pressure of the extinguishing agent at the control point (at the barrel nozzle, foam generator, etc.) and be optimal in this situation in the event of a fire.

Determination of optimal pumping and hose systems can be carried out using the analytical method, i.e., by means of hydraulic calculations or using special tables, graphs, nomograms, counting rulers or an exposure meter.

To solve the problem under consideration, it is necessary to have the following initial data: the type and consumption of the introduced barrels for extinguishing or protection; the height of the marks of the gunners' combat positions; characteristics of the terrain adjacent to the fire site; distance from water sources to the point of introduction of shafts; tactical and technical data of fire trucks.

Samodelov Nikolay Filimonovich. A veteran of the 6th Rifle Division of the People's Militia of the Dzerzhinsky District of Moscow (160th Brest Rifle Division of the Order of the Red Banner) was born on May 24, 1924 in the working village of Gorodishchi in the Orekhovo-Zuevsky District of the Moscow Region into a working-class family. Samodelov's father Filimon Grigorievich, born in 1891 and Samodelova's mother, Ekaterina Kirillovna, born in 1892, worked at the Gorodishchi finishing factory, which was the only one in the USSR for the production of medical products at that time.

The parents were illiterate. However, all four of their children were given secondary education, and later, all children received higher education.

For Nikolay Samodelov, June 19, 1941 was a joyful day. Received a 10th grade matriculation certificate high school No. 1 of the city of Orekhovo-Zuevo. Without having time to think what to do next, the war began on June 22, 1941. And on the night from July 1 to July 2, 1941, at a meeting of the Secretaries of the district executive committees and district committees of the city of Moscow, a decision was made to form a division of the people's militia of Moscow.

But in the city of Orekhovo-Zuevo in secondary school No. 1, a volunteer battalion of about 650 people is formed within one day, including a graduate of secondary school No. 1 - Nikolay Samodelov.

On July 3, 1941 in Moscow, at school number 242, the Orekhovo-Zuevtsev battalion was enrolled in the 3rd rifle regiment of the 6th division of the people's militia of the Dzerzhinsky district of Moscow, and already on July 4, 1941, the battalion was sent to the Smolensk region. First baptism of fire Nikolai Samodelov received it at dawn on July 5, 1941. The machine gunner Samodelov took the first battle on July 14, 1941 near Smolensk, repelling German motorcyclists who broke into the location of the 3rd regiment. And on August 28, 1941, when the city of Yelnya was liberated, cutting off the German infantry from the tanks, Nikolai received a concussion, and then a medical battalion, an ambulance train, was soon sent home due to age and concussion.

From November 1941 to January 1942, Nikolai was mobilized to build defensive structures near the city of Serpukhov, Moscow Region.

In 1942, in August, Nikolai was drafted into the army. Then radio school, Northwestern front... Enlisted in the 32nd separate communications regiment. Radiorota. Starorusskaya, Demyansk, Vyshny Volochkom, etc. until 1944 on the Northwestern Front.

In February 1944, the 32nd separate communications regiment was replenished and headed to the 2nd Belorussian Front.

Kozelskoe direction: Exactly, Sarny is a railway junction where military echelons arrived. In March-April 1944, it underwent a massive several-week German air raid and caused significant damage to our Troops, and the flooding of the Pinsk swamps and raids by the Bendera forces slowed down the development of the Kozelsk operation.

Therefore, part of the radio operators with radios from the 32nd communications regiment, including Nikolai Samodelov, are sent to the southern direction to the 2 nd Ukrainian front to participate in the Yassy-Kishinev operation as part of the 12th separate communications regiment. For this operation in Romania, the 12th Signal Regiment receives the honorary title - "Transylvanian". Next is Hungary. For the participation of the regiment in the Balaton operation and the capture of Budapest - the regiment is given the honorary name - "Budapest", and the regiment personnel are awarded with medals "For the capture of Budapest." Further through the city of Bratislava, to Vienna. For the capture on April 13, 1945, the regiment's personnel are awarded medals "For the capture of Vienna", and the regiment is awarded the "Order of Kutuzov, II degree". Then Dzerzhinskoe direction. But at the end of April, the regiment was sent to Czechoslovakia near Prague. There, on the night of May 8-9, the radio operator Nikolai Samodelov was on duty on the radio, who at 02.30 on the Moscow wave heard a message from Moscow about the complete surrender of the Germans, but the battle continued near Prague. On May 12, Nikolai gets another wound. Nikolai leaves the medical battalion on May 30, 1945 and the way to Japanese war... Fortunately, there was no chance to fight there. They returned to the West. Demobilized in 1947 from the city of Kiev from the 5th Proskurovsky Krasnoznamensky communications regiment.

In civilian life, he graduated from a technical school, worked as the head of an electrical department at a factory near Moscow. Then he studied at the Moscow Evening Metallurgical Institute. Work at the Hammer and Sickle metallurgical plant. At the Evening Institute he graduated from graduate school, the University of "Marxism - Leninism", then the Moscow Art Theater as a teacher. Married. Samodelov's wife, Maria Efimovna, born in 1926. Two daughters: Lukyanova Galina Nikolaevna and Shapurina Tatiana Nikolaevna. Grandchildren: Lukyanova Elena and Shapurin Sergey.

Samodelov Nikolai Filimonovich is engaged in social activities. Member of the Council 160-BKSD, speaks in schools, colleges, vocational schools. He meets with fellow soldiers from Western Ukraine. And in December 2007, he visited Budapest with a group of veterans from the Moscow Committee of War Veterans. I remembered fighting youth. Visited the memorial complex of the victims Soviet Warriors, laid flowers at the Obelisk of Glory.

Samodelov N.F.

Combat deployment - the actions of personnel to bring the fire trucks arriving to the place of call in a state of readiness to perform combat missions to extinguish fires.

Combat deployment includes the following steps:

· Preparation for combat deployment.

· Preliminary combat deployment.

· Full combat deployment.

Combat deployment from the first tanker truck arriving at the scene of the fire is carried out with the supply of the first barrel in the decisive direction.

Preparation for combat deployment is carried out upon arrival at the place of call (fire). In this case, the following actions are performed:

· Installation of a fire engine at the water source and bringing the fire pump into working condition.

· Detachment of the necessary fire-fighting equipment.

· Connection of the hose line with the barrel to the discharge branch pipe of the pump, unless otherwise specified by the RTP.

Preliminary combat deployment at the place of call (fire) is carried out in cases where further organization of actions to extinguish the fire is obvious or an order from the RTP has been received.

With a preliminary combat deployment of forces and assets:

· Perform actions to prepare for combat deployment.

· Lay the main hose lines.

· Install branches, near which sleeves and trunks are placed for laying working lines, other necessary fire-fighting equipment.

1-2

(2)

3-4

1-2

b)

AT 4

1-2

3-4

1-2

PG-1

v)

AT 5

3-4

1, 2, 3

3-4

AT 4

(2)

PG-1

1-2

b)

AT 4

(2)

PG-1

1-2

1(2)

v)

AT 4

(2)

PG-1

1-2

1(3)

2(4)

Figure 21. Full deployment of a tanker compartment with its installation on a fire hydrant

a - with the supply of three barrels B;

b - with the supply of one barrel A and one barrel B;

c - with the supply of two barrels GPS-600

12. Standards for fire drill preparation (extraction).

Standards for fire drill training are temporary, quantitative and qualitative indicators of the performance of certain tasks, techniques and actions by individual employees (workers), departments, duty guards (shifts), fire departments in compliance with the sequence (order) provided for by the instructions, rules, manuals and instructions.

The standards are considered fulfilled if during the work the conditions for their fulfillment are met and there have been no violations of the requirements of manuals, rules, manuals and instructions, including safety measures.

If, while working out (checking the fulfillment) of the standard, the trainees made at least one mistake that can lead to injury to personnel, damage to fire-fighting equipment, rescue equipment, protective equipment, the fulfillment of the standard is terminated and is assessed “unsatisfactory”.

The detected technical malfunctions during the fulfillment of the standards are not eliminated (if they do not interfere with the fulfillment of the standard and do not pose a danger to life and health), the student, after fulfilling the standard, must report the identified malfunctions.

The time of fulfillment of the standard by an employee (employee), department, guard on duty (shift), subdivision is counted by a stopwatch in the manner set out in the conditions of the standard. All standards are fulfilled in combat clothing and equipment for the season. The beginning of the fulfillment of the standard is a given command (alarm signal), the end is in the order set forth in the conditions of the standard.

The conditions and time for meeting the standards are determined for personnel up to 30 years old and summer time.

When the standard is fulfilled on fire engines with front and side suction nozzles, the time for meeting the standards is increased by 2 seconds, with water supply - by 5 seconds, with foam supply - by 7 seconds for each sleeve of the working and main lines (one longest line ).

Table 182

Conditions and norms for the fulfillment of standards with fire equipment and fire-technical equipment

P / p No.	Standard type	Time estimate, s	Conditions for fulfilling the standard
Great	OK	satisfactorily
	Donning combat clothing and equipment				1. Combat clothing and equipment are packed in any way. A belt with a carbine attached to it and a fire ax in a holster lies under the clothes. The caddy can be located next to the packed combat clothing or inside the helmet. Tarpaulin mittens (leggings) are put in the pockets of the jacket, in the absence of pockets - under the belt. 2. The firefighter stands at attention, one meter away from combat clothing and equipment, facing them. 3. End: combat clothing and equipment are dressed, the jacket is buttoned (hooks), the belt is buttoned and tucked under the buckle, the chin strap of the helmet is tightened.
	Putting on a heat-reflecting suit				1. The suit is taken out of the bag and placed on the table (shelf). 2. A firefighter in the "attention" position in combat clothing and equipment stands one meter away from the suit, facing him. 3. Ending: semi-overalls are dressed and secured with shoulder straps. Jacket in metallic fabric is dressed and buttoned. A helmet-mask with a cape is worn over the helmet and buttoned, gloves are worn.
	Putting on the TK-800 heat-reflective suit	for correctness	1. A firefighter in casual clothes with two assistants stands one meter away from the prepared suit. 2. Put on overalls and boots. 3. Put on a compressed air breathing apparatus or instrumentation. 4. Put on the upper part of the overalls, fasten the tightening straps, close the protective flap, leave one upper tightening strap and one upper button of the protective flap unbuttoned. 5. Carry out a combat check of the instrumentation or open the valve of the ACV cylinder to failure (the reserve of the breathing apparatus with compressed air must be included). Engage in a breathing apparatus. Put on a fireman's helmet 6. End: the hood and gloves are on, the tightening strap is fastened
	Collection and departure on alarm (with boarding the car outside the garage gate)	1. Combat clothing and equipment are packed as determined by the condition for fulfilling standard 1.
branches				2. The personnel of the guard on duty is in the guardroom and is located at random. Getting into the car is done after combat clothing and equipment are fully worn. It is allowed to fasten combat clothing and put on a firefighter belt in the cab of the car
guard of two or more squads				3. End: the car is outside the garage door, the squad (s) personnel are in the car. The doors are closed. The result is recorded when the last door of the car (s) is closed. Note: For vehicles with a KAMAZ brake system, the standard time is increased by 60 s.
	Laying a hose line with a barrel (barrel is indicated) 40 m long from a column installed on a hydrant				1. Fire fighting equipment is folded one meter from the column. The firefighter stands at attention near the equipment. 2. End: the hose line is laid, the trunk is attached to the hose line, the fireman is in combat position.
	Laying a trunk line with a diameter of 77 mm by one firefighter for:	1. Sleeves in rolls are laid in the compartments of the fire engine. 2. End: the line is assembled (with branching) and connected to the discharge pipe of the pump. The result is recorded over the last connection.
3 sleeves
4 sleeves
5 sleeves
6 sleeves
7 sleeves
	Laying of the main line with a diameter of 77 mm by the calculation of 2 people for:	1. Sleeves in rolls (in "accordion") are laid in the compartments of the fire engine. 2. End: the line is assembled (with branching) and connected to the discharge pipe of the pump. The result is recorded over the last connection.
5 sleeves
6 sleeves
7 sleeves
8 sleeves
10 sleeves
	Laying a trunk line with a diameter of 77 mm by a calculation of 3 people for:	1. Sleeves in rolls (in "accordion") are laid in the compartments of the fire engine. 2. End: the line is assembled (with branching) and connected to the discharge pipe of the pump. The result is recorded over the last connection.
6 sleeves
7 sleeves
8 sleeves
10 sleeves
	Tying a double rescue loop without putting it on the rescued person				1. The firefighter stands at attention. 2. A rescue rope, coiled into a ball, is in a case with a strap worn over the fireman's shoulder. 3. End: the rescue loop is tied
	Tying a double rescue loop with putting it on the rescued person				1. The firefighter stands at attention, one meter away from the rescuer, lying on his back. 2. The rescue rope, coiled into a ball, is in a case with a strap put on over the fireman's shoulder 3. End: the rescue loop is tied, put on the rescuer, the long end of the rope is wound on a carabiner
	Attaching the rescue rope to the building structure (in one of four ways)				1. The firefighter stands at attention one meter from the place where the rope is attached to the structure. 2. A rescue rope, coiled into a ball, is in a case with a strap put on over the fireman's shoulder 3. End: the rope is fixed to the structure, the knot is securely tied
	Coiling the rescue rope into a ball 30 (50) m long	for correctness	1. The firefighter stands at attention one meter from the unwound rope, one end of which is in the fireman's hand. 2. End: the rope is wound into a ball, the free end of the rope is tucked into the middle of the ball and placed in a cover.
	Climbing a stationary ladder to a given height:	1. A firefighter stands at a stick-ladder, attached to a stationary ladder, holds on to the bowstrings with both hands, his right (left) leg is on the first step. 2. End: the firefighter stands with both feet at a given height, secured to the rung of the stairs with a carabiner. The result is recorded by securing the carabiner. Note: When using a stick ladder, the time is increased by 5 seconds.
8 m
12 m
16 m
20 m
	Climbing a stationary ladder with a dry hose line with an attached trunk (the trunk is indicated) to a given height:	1. The firefighter stands at the entrance to the stairs, the hose line in the rolls is at the firefighter's feet, the connecting heads are connected, one end of the line with the attached barrel is thrown over the left shoulder, the barrel to the back. 2. Ending: the firefighter stands with both feet at a given height, secured with a carabiner to the step of the ladder, the hose line is secured with a delay.
8 m
12 m
16 m
20 m
	Climbing the ladder extended to:	1. The ladder is installed and extended to a predetermined height at an angle of inclination of 70 degrees, the firefighter stands at the entrance to the ladder. 2. End: the firefighter has reached the specified height and secured himself with a carabiner to the last step of the ladder. The result is recorded by securing the carbine. Note: When using a stick ladder, the time is increased by 5 seconds.
15 m
20 m
25 m
30 m
35 m
40 m
45 m
50 m
	Ascent along an auto-ladder with a dry hose line with an attached barrel (specify the type of barrel) to a given height:	1. The firefighter stands at the entrance to the stairs, the hose line in the rolls is at the firefighter's feet, the connecting heads are connected, one end of the line with the attached barrel is thrown over the left shoulder, the barrel to the back. 2. End: the fireman has reached the specified height and secured with a carabiner to the penultimate rung of the ladder, the hose line is secured with a delay. The result is fixed by fixing the delay.
15 m
20 m
25 m
30 m
	Carrying and suspension of the assault ladder				1. The ladder lies on the seventh step on the start line (32 m 25 cm from the base of the training tower). The firefighter stands in a convenient position for him at the start line, without touching the start line with his hands or feet and without lifting the ladder off the ground. 2. End: the ladder is suspended from the window of the 2nd floor of the training tower for the entire length of the hook. The result is recorded when the hook touches the upper surface of the window sill.
	Climbing the suspended assault ladder to the 4th floor of the training tower				1. The ladder is suspended from the windowsill of the 2nd floor of the training tower. The firefighter with his left (right) foot stood on the first step, holding on to the bowstrings with his hands. 2. End: the firefighter touched the floor of the 4th floor of the training tower with two feet. The result is recorded by touching the floor with the second foot.
	Climbing the assault ladder to the 4th floor of the training tower				1. The ladder lies on the seventh step on the start line (32 m 25 cm from the base of the training tower). The firefighter stands in a convenient position for him at the start line, without touching the start line with his hands or feet and without lifting the ladder off the ground. 2. End: the firefighter touched the floor of the 4th floor of the training tower with two feet. The result is recorded by touching the floor with the second foot.
	Climbing the installed retractable ladder to the window of the 3rd floor of the training tower				1. A retractable ladder is installed and secured to the seventh step, the first number stands near the ladder, holds the bowstrings with his hands, the left leg is on the first (second) step. The second number stands between the wall and the stairs, presses and holds it. 2. End: the first issue touched the floor of the 3rd floor of the training tower with both feet. The result is recorded by touching the floor with the second foot
	Installation of a retractable ladder in the window of the 3rd floor of the training tower				1. The retractable ladder is laid and fixed on the roof of the car, which is 30 m from the base of the training tower (the rear wheel axle coincides with the 30 m mark). The hose reel is removed. 2. Two firefighters are at the rear wheel of the vehicle behind the start line. 3. End: the retractable ladder is removed, moved, installed and secured to the seventh step. The first number stands half a step from the stairs facing it, the second number stands between the wall and the stairs. The result is recorded by touching the bowstring of the stairs to the windowsill
	Installation and climbing a retractable ladder to the window of the 3rd floor of the training tower				1. The retractable ladder is laid and fixed on the roof of the car, which is 30 m from the base of the training tower (the rear wheel axle coincides with the 30 m mark). The hose reel is removed. 2. Two firefighters are at the rear wheel of the car behind the start line 3. End: the first number touched the floor of the 3rd floor of the training tower with two feet. The result is recorded by touching the floor with the second foot.
	Overcoming a 100-meter obstacle course				1. A firefighter with a barrel stands in a convenient position for him at the start line, without touching the start line with his hands or feet (the barrel is in any position). 2. End: obstacles are overcome, the distance is over; the trunk will adjoin the hose line, the sleeves are interconnected and attached to the branch. Note: the placement of obstacles and the conditions for overcoming them must comply with the Competition Rules for fire-applied sports.

Conditions and norms for fulfilling the standards for combat deployment from the main fire trucks

Table 183

Standard No.		Combat crew, people	Time estimate, s
n m / d m	n 1 / d 1	n 2 / d 2	Great	OK	satisfactorily
	–	–	–		26 (40)	29 (43)	32 (46)	1. A tank truck (pump and hose truck) is installed at the hydrant. 2. End: the column is screwed all the way onto the hydrant riser, the suction hoses are connected. The time with the start-up of water from the discharge pipe is indicated in brackets.
	–	–	–		39 (75)	45 (82)	52 (88)	1. A tank truck (pump and hose truck) is installed near the reservoir, equipped with two suction hoses, 4 meters each. 2. End: the suction hose line is assembled, the suction net rope is unwound, the free end of the rope is attached to the structure or the suction hose. The time with the start of water is indicated in brackets.
	–	–	–		72 (110)	80 (121)	88 (132)	1. A tank truck (pump and hose truck) is installed near the reservoir, equipped with four suction hoses, 2 meters each. 2. End: the suction hose line is assembled, the suction net rope is unwound, the free end of the rope is attached to the structure or the suction hose. The time with the start of water is indicated in brackets
	-	2/51	-					1. The tank truck is installed on the site 2. End: the engine is switched to the pump, the hose line is laid, the connecting heads are connected, the fireman with the barrel is in position, the driver is at the pump
3/51

Standard No.	Number of sleeves n, diameter d	Combat crew, people	Time estimate, s	Combat deployment scheme and conditions for fulfilling the standard
n m / d m	n 1 / d 1	n 2 / d 2	Great	OK	satisfactorily
	-	2/51	-					1. The tank truck is installed on the site 2. End: the engine is switched to the pump, the hose line is laid, the connecting heads are connected, the fireman with the barrel is in position, the driver is at the pump
3/51
	3/77	2/51	–					1. A tanker truck is installed near the reservoir (hydrant). 2. End: the tank truck is installed on the reservoir (hydrant), hose lines are laid and connected, the fireman with the barrel is in position, the driver is at the pump The time with filling the pump with water is indicated in parentheses
3 – 4	63 (70)	70 (75)	77 (80)
5 – 6	47 (70)	52 (75)	57 (80)
4/77	2/51	–
	67 (70)	75 (75)
	63 (70)	70 (75)	77 (80)
5 – 6	54 (70)	62 (75)	68 (80)
6/77	2/51	–
5 – 6	67 (70)	75 (75)