Council of Chief Designers. Fgbu "tsniii iv" of the Ministry of Defense of Russia Central Research Institute of Engineering Troops Nakhabino

The engineering troops of Russia are one of the most diverse and technically equipped troops. The system of engineering weapons includes over 600 items of various models and kits. In 2017 more than 750 units were delivered to the troops. engineering technology.

On January 18, 2018, an organizational meeting of the Council of Chief Designers on systems and means of engineering support for the armament system of the ground component of the forces general purpose. The meeting was attended by representatives of the Russian Ministry of Defense and 56 chief designers of industrial enterprises in all areas of engineering support.

Chief of Engineering Troops of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Lieutenant General Yu.M. Stavitsky especially noted that havingXiathe level of preparedness and equipment is the main guarantee of saving the lives of servicemen. He stressed the need to create a new collegial body - the Council of Chief Designers.

Yu.M. Stavitsky introduced to the audience the Chief Designer for Systems and Engineering Support of the Armament System of the Ground Component of the General Forces, General Director of JSC "NIIII" I.M. Smirnova.

In his speech, I.M. Smirnov dwelled on the specifics of the activities of the Chief Designer, general problematic issues of development, revealing the composition, structure and main activities of the Council of Chief Designers.

In turn, the Scientific and Technical Committee of the Engineering Troops presented the main requirements for the appearance of engineering weapons in the near future, which means that the Council of Chief Designers has something to work on.

The participants of the meeting watched a documentary film about the engineering troops of Russia and laid wreaths at the monument "To Warriors of Internationalists, Combatants and Participants of the Great Patriotic War", opened in 2017. on the premises of the institute.

A. Ermolin- Good afternoon to everyone who listens to us, the program “Military Council” is on air, the host in the studio is Anatoly Yermolin. I want to say right away that our program is being recorded today, which does not belittle its significance. Our guest today is Ivan Semenovich Vorobyov, Colonel, Head of the Research and Testing Institute of Engineering Troops of the Ministry of Defense of Russia, good afternoon Ivan Semenovich.

I. Vorobyov- Good afternoon, hello everyone.

A. Ermolin- Ivan Semenovich, well, this is not the first time with us, and your colleagues were there too. How do you assess, over the past year maybe, what is going on in principle in your troops? So I hear what the officers say that you have a powerful growth here, the number, the number of brigades, battalions, and regiments is increasing. Tell me more about what's going on.

I. Vorobyov- Well, the last 2 years, with the advent of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, General of the Army Shoigu Sergey Kuzhugetovich, they turned their faces to the engineering troops, he forced everyone to turn their faces, as to a type of combat support. And so the development ... With his arrival, the engineering troops received a new development not only in their structural, regular systems, but also in the development of our engineering equipment. Already this year, we are creating a new formation of engineering troops, they will join the armed forces of the Russian Federation, and this is planned for next year. Well, the main thing, as they say, we must radically replace the means of engineering weapons in the shortest possible time. And those tasks that were recently set by the Minister of Defense, so that 70% of the equipment should switch to the latest models of weapons equipment. This task was also set by the head of the engineering troops, Lieutenant General Yury Mikhailovich Stavitsky, including our research and testing institute of the engineering troops of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, on which we are now fruitfully working.

A. Ermolin- And there was a period when you were taken out of combat command, right? And attached to the rear, right?

I. Vorobyov“You even know that. Well, we will not evaluate the previous leadership, but there was such a stage in our scientific institution when we were subordinate to another scientific institution, the independent structure of which was subordinate to the military commander of the engineering troops - it was absent. And therefore, there were additional problems in design, in research, in the development of engineering troops to create new models. And this work, let's say so, did not stop, it continued anyway, this material accumulated, material was developed, we studied. While it was a time of such oblivion, we still built it up, this material. And now, on October 1 of this year, a central research and testing institute for the engineering troops of the RF Ministry of Defense was formed, which is directly subordinate to the head of the engineering troops, Lieutenant General Yury Mikhailovich Stavitsky.

A. Ermolin- Well, that is, it is not at all necessary to enlarge, enlarge everything in order for everything to be as efficient as possible. I know in what sense? Unexpected (inaudible) I want to throw, that's just civilian life to what is happening in Moscow with educational institutions. By the way, I also think that when there are unique structures, they should be merged with some larger ones ... That is, it is not always effective. But it's me, as they say, abusing it on my own, right? Ivan Semenovich, but tell us a few words about yourself, how did your military career develop?

I. Vorobyov- Well, I developed a military career, let's say so, for the first time with the engineering troops. Let's put it this way - I encountered the monsters of the engineering troops in 1988, while participating in the aftermath of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. When I saw...

A. Ermolin- How old were you then?

I. Vorobyov- I was 24 years old.

A. Ermolin- You mean old?

I. Vorobyov- First lieutenant, yes. I was given a high honor, and I was a participant in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

A. Ermolin- Admitted to the reactor.

I. Vorobyov- Yes, I was admitted to the reactor, we were stationed in a ten-kilometer zone, our engineering and road battalion was stationed. They carried out the tasks of reburial of radioactive waste, and for the first time I encountered a scientific group that was from the 15th former Central Research Institute of Engineering Troops, which previously existed. It seemed to me that it was simply simply unattainable ... Those people who, deep down, were very great people at that time. And now, after almost 30 years, I headed this institute, the head of the troops somehow added to me. Therefore, I will try to justify this trust. And that story, those ... So, work with the former heads of the institute, we do not stop it, communication, I listen to them. Well, let's say so, in the future my life turned out more ... I served in the troops, in the southern military district, in the North Caucasus, in the southern military district. A participant in hostilities, in principle, practice - it is, we know what our soldier wants, we know how to protect him, we have seen it all, passed it through our hands. Now, as the task has been set by the chief of troops, all this should be translated into science, translated into new means, into the development of new means of engineering weapons.

A. Ermolin Was it scary in Chernobyl? What was it, scary or interesting? Or is it terribly interesting? What emotions does the young starley have there ...

I. Vorobyov- The main thing... Well, as instructed: the main thing is not to leave the road anywhere, not to go into any restricted areas, not to lift anything that is not necessary. Because everything is radioactive. Well, I think the state of health allows for the time being to head the institute, there are no health problems, but that's all ...

A. Ermolin- Have you caught radiation?

I. Vorobyov- Yes, of course. In small quantities, it is probably useful, we all gradually ... And in Moscow they catch it, this radiation. So I think...

A. Ermolin- Everything is useful for us. (inaudible) everything is useful.

I. Vorobyov Yes, so I don't see anything wrong with that.

A. Ermolin- Well, you can really protect ... That's all the same, such a unique experience of military personnel in the conditions of a nuclear threat there, or radiation. That's what ... Here, a competent officer can really do it, relying on standard protective equipment, to make sure that all people survive, or receive a minimum dose of radiation.

I. Vorobyov- Well, firstly, according to the requirements for the development of engineering weapons, which partly concerns ... Either this is equipment, or these are some kind of protective equipment, they are all developed taking into account protection from the effects of radiochemical, biological radiation. Currently, our one of the departments of our institute is working on modern technologies, in the use of means of the personnel protection unit. This is if we previously relied more on reinforced concrete structures that were part of the ratification structures, then at the present time these are already modern composites, which are both lightweight, and including their property allows you to give more protection to personnel, hide them, ensure the survivability of these structures. Well, including, even ... I will continue this topic so that we somehow (inaudible) our listeners in that we will apply them already by the method (inaudible). And to assemble the structure that we need exactly for that terrain, and as much as possible we can protect the personnel.

A. Ermolin- So I pester your colleagues all the time with one low American one, called “Good Soldiers”. It’s just there ... Well, I just recommend reading it, because it’s about how the Americans fought in Iraq. There, just with one ... A large military unit, the journalist was constantly. And he simply describes the real experience, what the fighters feel, how they died there, what is being done. It's just very similar to what we felt in Afghanistan. The same tactic, they sit on the armor, the same way they tighten their legs so that at least one leg remains on these of their own (inaudible). Actually, why do I remember this - because that's where I just read about these legos, about such prefabricated structures, when the engineering service arrives, chik-chik, and actually built it there ... Well, not from adobe bricks, which at one time in We did Afghanistan, right? But you do everything quickly, right there is a tower, right there are drones, right there is a control zone. That is, very efficient technology. I mean, we already have that too. Or is it still being developed?

I. Vorobyov- It's in development. And it already means what you say on drones, and the control of the adjacent territory, what we should carry out, and how to place it all. A task has been set for the commanders of the troops, it will be carried out, and in the month of May ...

A. Ermolin- Drones (inaudible).

I. Vorobyov- Yes, the drones (inaudible) that worked with us ... At the open (inaudible) guys worked for us at the competitions, joint interaction was organized, they worked very fruitfully. But the chiefs of troops were given the task that in May, at the assembly of the leading staff of the engineering troops, we must report to our commanders, to our chiefs on the measures taken. Therefore, these modern samples of modern weapons will already be presented there, this is a line of our engineering equipment, which will be ... In 2 years, which has already been completed, created. The enterprises will present all this so that we can already report and show specifically not on paper already, not on mock-ups, but we will present all of this equipment to our subordinate officers live, already leasing this equipment.

A. Ermolin- Are you studying world experience? You have analysts who don't find out on Ekho Moskvy, let's put it this way.

I. Vorobyov Well, you can't live without it. You know, whoever has the information owns the world, so we have it all the time, it all starts with this. This is the initial data for the design and creation of any piece of equipment, this is experience foreign countries we take. Where, as used, is precisely the practical action in dual-use combat. There are different principles of approach, as for each sample. Therefore, we study them, and before continuing this work, we choose the direction that suits us ... In general, we look, study both the model that we must create, and the opposition to this model, how, what happens in foreign armies, too, we are studying so that he can counteract.

A. Ermolin- I want to remind you that today we are working on the record, and our guest today is Ivan Semenovich Vorobyov, colonel, head of the research, testing institute of engineering troops of the Russian Ministry of Defense. Ivan Semenovich, we focused on foreign experience, on how you research it and apply it in your developments. And at the same time, do not forget Russian history. After all, a military engineer in Russian history, and in the history of the armed forces, has always been actually the first elite. And here's how ... What do you draw from there, right? And what traditions are you trying to keep?

I. Vorobyov- Well, first of all, I want to remind our listeners that the engineering troops are the oldest troops of our armed forces. Next January, we will already be celebrating the 313th anniversary of the formation of the engineering troops. Our research and testing institute of engineering troops is one of the oldest scientific institutions of the Ministry of Defense. Just recently, on October 6, we celebrated the 95th anniversary of our institute. Therefore, we never departed from history, and never left. Because if someone forgets history, he has no future. This is the first principle that is preserved in the engineering troops. We are constantly given… We work with our veterans. These are the people who started... Let's say so, who started science on some models, on mock-ups, now they have smoothly switched to software testing schemes. We always work with them, we always interact. They make up the largest percentage in our institute, our respected people, veterans. Who gave not 30 years, but 50, 60 years. There are even veterans who gave engineering troops. And the invaluable experience that they have from the time there (inaudible) training ground, military operations in Afghanistan, counter-terrorist operations, they ... This is still only for the benefit of the development of engineering troops. Therefore, honor and praise to them, many thanks to them, and we are always ready to work with them.

A. Ermolin- What period in the history of the engineering troops can be called such a breakthrough in the development of tactics for the use of new technical means.

I. Vorobyov- Well, first of all, we must not forget that the breakthrough period is still the development of engineering troops, (inaudible) engineering weapons, which are now even currently being used. These were the developments of the 70s. It seems like 50 years have passed, but they are relevant now. And now, in the second decade of the 21st century, we are still trying to make a new stage of breakthrough, because, first of all, the development of engineering weapons should be based on new technologies, on new requirements for engineering weapons, and as the task was again set by the commander of the troops, in each tool should have its own zest so that we do not stop at upgrading just a sample. And it must be developed new, according to new requirements, according to new trends that we have for engineering equipment.

A. Ermolin- And you are satisfied with the engineering culture, the bearers of which are those officers who come to you. Well, I can give you an example as an illustration... Recently I re-read the memoirs of Pyotr Alekseevich Kropotkin, who was a prince, studied in the page corps. He described his page years in great detail, including the great importance given to fortification work. And he writes like they are cadets, although in the status of pages, right? That is how they are. How much time and effort they spent on calculations, on the construction of fortifications, and how it was a shame for them to break it all later. Because they built it all for real. Now, as you can see... Well, actually I won't repeat myself. Are you satisfied with those engineers who come to you today?

I. Vorobyov“The quality of training at our Tyumen Higher Engineering Command School is very high. And our graduates - they are always in demand in the troops, this is first of all. Our graduates of the Academy of the Military Institute of Engineering Troops, as part of the combined arms academy, are also very much in demand among the troops. Well, if we continue this topic, then if we stop at a soldier, then from this school year engineering training became the main subject of study. Therefore, if which department is negligent in the classes on engineering training, may get higher than the grade she gets in engineering training, she will never get. Therefore, the attitude of the commanders of all became more serious about engineering training. Because everyone understands perfectly well, if you don’t know engineering, as Peter I says, then you won’t be promoted in rank either. Therefore, everyone is very... Now there has been a big change in relations in engineering training in the troops, and the readiness of personnel, officers, it has increased significantly. Well, if you don’t go that far, the last competition “Our Open Water”, which was held among the pontoon crossing units of the engineering troops in the city of Murom, Vladimir Region, showed the highest class of officers. The personnel of the units, the performance of engineering support tasks, in particular those related to overcoming and forcing a water barrier.

A. Ermolin- I suggest we talk about this in more detail. If possible, a few words about what your institute is like. We have already talked about the troops, about human capital too, right? Let's focus on exactly what you do every day.

I. Vorobyov- Our Institute consists of four main departments, research departments, which have their own areas of activity, scientific activities, including our leading department, which is engaged in the development of engineering ammunition. It creates them, creates ways to overcome these ammunition, search, reconnaissance. (Unintelligible) there is a department that is developing our engineering equipment, in particular those related to earth-moving machines, amphibious assault vehicles. (Indistinct) management, which is counteracting the technical means of reconnaissance, and the creation of camouflage. The fourth department deals with the training of our entire scientific work in management. (Unintelligible) the activities of the four directorates, it covers the entire spectrum of our engineering equipment, our tasks that we have as a type of combat support. We cover them in full. The development and direction of the development of funds were determined by the chief of troops, a common understanding of our future activities was developed, among other things. First of all ... Well, if we take it from the departments of those involved in engineering ammunition, this is primarily not a violation of the Geneva Convention, the creation of ammunition must be carried out in strict accordance with overcoming (inaudible) obstacles, this is the creation of search tools that can provide search in any situation, in any environment, and by any means, explosive objects in any conditions. Well, there are very progressive developments in the creation of engineering equipment. We hope that in the month of May, as I told you, we will show these funds. This means that they are promising, they differ significantly from the means that we currently have in service. Because there are new approaches to them presented. Well, our developments continue in terms of means of camouflage against counteraction. First of all, no one could find us anywhere. Well, in short.

A. Ermolin- Do you have, say, a unit that operates in advanced research mode. Here, in the structure of the military-industrial commission, such a powerful direction has been created, and in general, the Americans have existed for 100 years (inaudible), which invented the notorious Internet there at one time, in fact. And there are specially trained people there, including science fiction writers, who are paid money to simply fantasize and set tasks for today that seem absolutely unrealistic, and then several decades pass, and suddenly you see, it all starts to work. Here you have such a brain center that would think about what is not yet there.

I. Vorobyov- You know, here in the engineering troops we have such a term (inaudible). There must be action everywhere. Therefore, I will not disclose it, we also have it.

A. Ermolin- It's already nice. I want to remind our listeners that our guest is Ivan Semenovich Vorobyov, colonel, head of the research, testing institute of the engineering troops of the Russian Ministry of Defense, we are leaving for a break.

A. Ermolin- We continue the meeting of the "Military Council". I want to remind you that today we are working on recording, and our guest today is Ivan Semenovich Vorobyov, Colonel, Head of the Research and Testing Institute of Engineering Troops of the Russian Ministry of Defense. Actually, it is not a secret that there was a period when the older generation was not in demand, the middle link was not actually involved in anyone, and now such a hole has formed. That is, as many fellow experts say, yes? That great minds are already at a very retirement age, and young guys with drive are just ready to join the action, but there is such a central link, the most important hard workers who already know the specifics, and who have not yet lost energy. Do you feel such a problem for yourself?

I. Vorobyov- So the whole backbone, in particular, of our institute, there is a backbone in the institute. For all the above categories, as you said, there is a backbone. Young people who already have academic degrees that they have defended ... Young, promising guys are candidates of technical sciences. The middle link, as you say, who pull this burden, who can work with young people and the older generation, we will say so, our heads of departments. The officers who came have experience in both military service and scientific activities. Our departments are also headed by doctors of sciences, people are in charge ... For science, the age is 40-45 years, these are still young guys for science.

A. Ermolin- Well, in general, yes.

I. Vorobyov- Yes. And those who are officers of the engineering troops who have completed their service, they also pass on their experience within the walls of our institute. Yes, we would like to have more young people, and first of all, we are now developing this youth policy, how to attract young specialists to the institute. We got acquainted with the experience of our Bauman, how it all happens there. And I was very pleased when, for example, the employees of Baumanka are young, 23-24 year old guys, it turns out they don’t work for money, they work ...

A. Ermolin“Not just for money.

I. Vorobyov“Not only for money, yes. They don't get a lot of money. I will say that they do not receive much money for Moscow measures. But they work for an idea, they work for interest, they like it, and this is an important (inaudible) thing that I wanted to hear, and in principle we will also direct our youth policy towards this in order to attract young people to our side, and within the walls of our institute. Including (inaudible) no interest. Right now, the issue of creating a scientific company of engineering troops is being worked out. This is the task set by the Minister of Defense ...

A. Ermolin- Where do you want to do it? In Tyumen?

I. Vorobyov- No, we're here (inaudible).

A. Ermolin- (inaudible).

I. Vorobyov- Somewhere we will, yes, here we will tie it to our institute, to our potential, yes. Therefore, the second may be we will consider the issue in universities, the issue may be resolved, after all, this is mentally, as they say, in our places, and there will be budget places from our institute, that upon graduation from the university, the graduate will be obliged to come to us, and within three years to work for the benefit of the institute. And then he will be free to choose his profession, or continue to cooperate with us, or leave. Well, this is an option, we are these ...

A. Ermolin- (inaudible) find a perspective. That is, it is as if it has not been worked out yet.

I. Vorobyov- Not worked out, yes, but we have already started it ...

A. Ermolin- There are many interesting ...

I. Vorobyov- Yes, we started working on this idea.

A. Ermolin- That is, 3 years ... He comes to you after a civil institute already certified as ...

I. Vorobyov- Specialist, yes. And he is already in office. We have those positions that the head of the laboratory, he can take, and work already for the good. Moreover, even in those practices that industrial practices, and scientific practices that the institute, he will take them within the walls of the institute.

A. Ermolin- And he can be certified for officer positions, or he (inaudible).

I. Vorobyov- If he has a military department, this question ... He will come to us as civilians, if he suits us, we can call him in the future, and he can go to an officer position with a promotion, and with a further prospect of growth as an officer as a specialist in engineering troops.

A. Ermolin- Do you trust young ambitious developments? Why am I asking? Because young scientists work not only for money. Young scientists work in the first place ... Actually, the theory is just intellectual workers, the creative class, as they say now, right? They assume that they must be trusted with some very cool tasks, which really, no matter what, they were very interested. In Belarus, by the way, the guys also talk about who develops automotive technology. That is, everything is there ... The average age is 25-26 years old, like that.

I. Vorobyov Yes, and I want to build it. This is a priority for young people at the institute, we have stirred them up a little now, ideas have already begun, thoughts have begun. Monthly meetings with youth are already planned, as they say, as my daily routine and work with youth, because somewhere in my soul I don’t consider myself old either. What we implemented, someone once laughed at us, and now it turns out to be a promising direction of development. I educate my youth in the same way so that they understand that they should see a like-minded person in me, see the person who will support them. I am ready to work with them. Two officers wanted to retire, they had already refused to be transferred to the reserve. Therefore, we will continue to work, we have seen a new direction of our activity.

A. Ermolin- Ivan Semenovich, here you come up with ... You are no longer just trying, but coming up with new modern trends increase the attractiveness of your service. In particular, you have already mentioned open water, as a kind of combination of such a professional competition, and a show. What is this? Is this a fashion, or is it a serious strategy?

I. Vorobyov“I still think it’s a strategy. And let's say so, again, 2 years ago, the Minister of Defense gave impetus to this development of competitiveness, competitiveness. I had to study in the 13th year tank biathlon from the engineering troops. I learned a lot, and this year I was involved in the reassignment to the position of our ... Competition of the Open Water crossing units. And I believe that it is here in these competitions of any types of military branches that participate, that is, such extreme conditions are created when the equipment is simply simply used to its maximum capabilities. And this gives a very big leap forward in the development of science in the first place. Because those means that have been used for, say, 20-30 years, it seemed to us that they had already simply been brought to automatism, but here, for example, these competitions in crossing means revealed some problems. Because these conditions were created when we didn’t just meet the standards, as we used to do all the time, but here there was competitive competition on the verge ... Everyone walked along the razor’s edge, while not violating safety requirements, while using that technique to the maximum. Some new schemes were introduced, new ways of using our technology.

A. Ermolin What was the intention, by the way? Here's how... What was the task of the units, what did they compete in?

I. Vorobyov- Subdivisions... So, let's say it was played out... Our main task of the engineering troops, the type of combat support, is to ensure the crossing of the water barrier.

A. Ermolin- Was it in Murom?

I. Vorobyov- Yes, it was in the city of Murom, Vladimir Region, in a limited area where the initial, opposite bank was prepared. Three teams competed at the same time in limited areas (inaudible) up to 100 meters, where they showed their skills. And skill was shown not only by crossing on high-speed boats. And also single ferries, platoon ferries were assembled, a company ferry was assembled, which is capable of transporting large-sized heavy equipment. And the end of the competition was the construction of a floating bridge across the Oka River, 350 meters long. Here is the guidance of this bridge, along which all the equipment passed. Also, in order to show our viewers all the possibilities of engineering equipment, before the start of these competitions, our unique samples were shown, these are ferry-bridge crossing vehicles, crossing facilities. We were also shown, motorized rifle units, artillery units participated with us, which provided ... Aviation helped us a lot. Well, we are also grateful to the administration of the city of Murom, which provided us with great assistance in holding our competitions. And I think the main indicators are those 15,000 people who came to watch, cheer for the engineering troops, and at the deployed recruitment center, which was deployed on this site, we, as part of the engineering troops, 8 people, signed a contract with the Ministry of Defense. Well, as a continuation of the Murom land, we will create such a backbone of engineering troops there, including a large panton crossing unit.

A. Ermolin- Our guest is Ivan Semenovich Vorobyov, colonel, head of the research, testing institute of the engineering troops of the Russian Ministry of Defense. Do you somehow interact with colleagues from, say, Rostekhnologii? And I just remembered that just last Monday we had a representative of the Compass Design Bureau, and he talked about new technologies, about new ideas for building mobile ports. It's also like a kind of Lego system, prefabricated metal, environmentally friendly.

I. Vorobyov Well, I'll put it this way in general terms. Our institute cooperates with about 150 scientific institutions and industrial ones.

A. Ermolin- Rostekhnologii, right?

I. Vorobyov- Yes. In general, our cooperation goes in all directions, so we are not from anyone ... We always take who has the best, who offers what. Many people help us to develop on their own initiative, or offer something on their own initiative, let's say so. Everyone used to get used to: give us money, and we will give you something for this money. Now there is a completely different approach, including with Rostekhnologii. They proactively offer us their developments, which we can implement. And if they do not suit us, if they fulfill all our requirements, we take them further to the serial stream.

A. Ermolin- And what other strategic directions do you see in the system of providing troops? So we recalled Chernobyl, and I remembered something in this regard while still a cadet, they showed us this technique, which is designed to operate under conditions of a nuclear strike, contamination of radioactive terrain, and they always seemed to me to be some kind of such spaceships , which there almost have to walk on Mars. Are they preserved? You can exploit them, and what's new in this direction. There are such smart, very well-protected machines, or the stake is simply placed there on cranes, bulldozers, graders. That is, everything that does not excite fantasy young man, so to speak.

I. Vorobyov- No, well, first of all, we should not give up cranes, bulldozers and excavators. Because without them, nowhere ... Neither the troops will move, they will not complete the tasks. And in terms of prospects, what you said continues. We have never stopped it, the development of robotic systems continues in the first place. Because they - the first developments were started back in the 70-80s. Even let's say so, our probable opponents did not have them, and our developments were already controlled ... There was radio-controlled equipment, these are samples. The only thing is that now the transition has gone more to fulfilling tasks in order to save the lives of personnel. This is primarily a means of demining. As for engineering support, tools are being developed ... These are fire extinguishing tools, remote control. And in the future, other samples will be developed to perform other engineering tasks. First of all, they are aimed at moving our soldier as far as possible from the probable danger in order to ensure his life, and at the same time we could complete all the assigned tasks.

A. Ermolin- Do you protect intellectual property? How do you put it… This is one of the most key problems in general, well, let's say, in neo-crises related to the specifics of our country. I remember at the Institute of Steel and Alloys they told such a story that, say, a doctor of science received the Stalin Prize for the invention of a lithium battery in 1957. Actually, the lost profit is gigantic, right? Because the whole world can't right now... Given the spread mobile phones, all kinds of tablets and so on, just can not do without them. It turns out that we have lost the money that we could earn on intellectual property. Here you are somehow... What are you doing in the country, and how much do you insure your risks in the international arena? Or is it impossible to insure them?

I. Vorobyov- Well, we are still ensuring the safety of our intellectual property on our own. Maybe we are up to the level of insurance ...

A. Ermolin- Preservation, or commercialization?

I. Vorobyov- Well, before commercialization, we may come to this a little later. It can’t be, but we’ll come, and these tasks are also set by the boss. But at present, what is being developed within the walls of the institute, I am called to preserve it, this intellectual property while within our walls. And what will be decided, submitted for commercialization, it will already be made a separate decision so that, as they say ... These developments went somewhere further. Therefore, now the main task is to preserve our potential, the intellectual property that has been created today for the development of our engineering equipment in the first place.

A. Ermolin- Well, by the way, there is something to learn from the same Americans. When they have a very clear ranking of all the neo-crows there. They don’t show space to anyone, they don’t show the army to anyone, then it starts, as it were, what you can give for your own, and only at the fourth stage, maybe 10 years after the introduction of the first samples of real ones into operation, foreign commercial partners can get it there .

I. Vorobyov“I think that our special services… The first is that I was told the category, the first category of our service, I don’t know… Therefore…”

A. Ermolin- Well, after all, among the immediate tasks, as the head of such a promising, interesting institute, what do you see as the most important thing in your work?

I. Vorobyov- First of all, it is necessary not to lower, but to increase your scientific potential, this is the first thing. We will have to work, as I said, in order to supply the institute with new personnel, new directions. Thoughts - this will be connected with the arrival of new people to the institute. This is a thorough study of the material that is available on the creation of engineering weapons like our potential enemy, foreign partners, and the development of new promising engineering weapons. This is a prerogative, we must fulfill the task set by the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation to provide our troops with new models, modern models of engineering equipment, and a new perspective. Well, for now I will keep silent about them a little, I will not reveal them to the end. Let it then be much more interesting for all our listeners.

A. Ermolin- Do you have your own test base?

I. Vorobyov- Yes, we have a test base. First of all, our unique pool for studying the properties of amphibious assault vehicles. We have a very good laboratory for testing electrical equipment, we have a cold store, which ensures the testing of funds for temperature conditions up to -50 degrees. We have the impact of the shock wave, the so-called our pipe, (inaudible) pipe. And there are test sites for floating equipment, there are test sites for testing explosive barriers, where these tests are constantly carried out. Therefore, our institute is currently being optimized, including that we will soon submit these proposals to the chief of troops in order to optimize the creation of a laboratory and experimental base of our institute, which should already meet modern conditions, modern requirements, the creation of a laboratory building of a new proposal let's take it out. And to optimize the work of our research departments, and management in general.

A. Ermolin- So I want to ask many more questions, but unfortunately time is very fleeting. I want to remind our listeners that Ivan Semenovich Vorobyov, Colonel, Head of the Research and Testing Institute of Engineering Troops of the Russian Ministry of Defense, was our guest today. Ivan Semenovich, thank you very much, come to us again, we will always be happy.

I. Vorobyov- Always ready for cooperation.

A. Ermolin- Thank you.

I. Vorobyov- Thank you very much.

unique laboratory base,

housed in 15 specialized

buildings;

more than 40 multidisciplinary laboratories

thorium and laboratory complexes, ob-

ore-plated with special stands

and installations, for a comprehensive assessment

ki weapons and means of radiation, chemical and biological protection;

modern instrumentation for physicochemical, radiometric, spectrometric, toxicological, biochemical, physiological and immunological studies;

unique scientific and information fund;

highly qualified scientific team, which includes more than doctors and candidates of sciences;

unparalleled polygon base with an area of ​​more than 450 km2, including more than 50 different specialized structures and a developed system of access roads and engineering networks;

more than 20 equipped working fields and sites for full-scale testing of weapons, military and special equipment;

33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation - 80th Anniversary Attention! Read the electronic version of the magazine on the website of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation - http://www.mil.ru Military Thought E-mail: [email protected] The journal is freely available at the RIC MO RF.

Index of the journal for Russian and foreign subscribers according to the catalog of Rospechat - according to the catalog of Vse Pressa LLC - ISSN 0236-2058 Military Thought. 2008. No. 6. 1 - DEAR COMRADES!

I heartily congratulate the management, employees and veterans of the 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense Its history The Ulyanovsk Guards Twice Red Banner Russian Federation Happy 80th anniversary of the Order of the Red Star Higher Tank Command School of Education! named after V.I. Lenin leads from the Simbirskie pe created in 1918. At all stages of the historical path of inhot command courses, which were then instituted, it provided a qualitative solution, renamed the 2nd Simbirsk school to the most complex and responsible artilleryization of the state military-technical (1931), armored (1932) school, the Czech policy in the field of radiation and the 1st Ulyanovsk armored school (1937).

Many of its graduates were awarded high marks in chemical protection in the Armed Forces, 75 were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union of the Russian Federation. About this type of Yuz, and I.N. Boyko, this title was awarded the Order of Combat and Labor twice.

Red Banner, which was awarded to the 33rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

The editorial board and the editorial staff of the journal "Military Thought" ser The Institute is a unique research institute and sincerely congratulates the staff and graduates of the school, the Council of Veterinary Organization of our troops, recognized as a school of wounded men, headed by the guards, retired colonel A.A. Andronov for the training of scientific personnel, which is distinguished by the highest profession, the 90th anniversary of the founding of the famous educational institution, and desires and responsibility: whether it is research and good health, happiness and new successes for everyone, with the dignity of testing new high-tech weapons and military in life, the high rank and honor of a tank officer, be proud of the technology or the performance of specific tasks by military scientists, of their belonging to the glorified cohort of the GUKTU guardsmen!

during the liquidation of the consequences of the radiation disaster at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, the earthquake in Spitak, LENINGRAD HIGHER participation in combat operations in Afghanistan and Chechnya.

GENERAL TWICE The leadership of the Ministry of Defense highly appreciates the significant contribution made by the Institute's staff to strengthening the SCHOOL NAMED AFTER S.M. KIROVA of the defense capability of the Russian army in improving the system of radiation, chemical and biological safety One of the oldest military educational institutions of the Armed Forces - the Leningrad Armed Forces and the state. Higher Combined Arms Command It is gratifying to note that, despite all the objective difficulties, the institute, as a city-forming organization, provides worthy education to the Twice Red Banner School. CM. Kirov - 90 years! In accordance with the order of the People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs, on May 24, 1918, the first machine-gun reserve regiment was created for wounds in the military town of Shikhany. The Oranienbaum machine gun school of the Red Army, later transformed into machine gun courses, and then into the 1st Petrograd Infantry School. Another military educational institution I am sure that the staff of the institute will continue to direct its knowledge, standing at the origins of the school, was the 3rd infantry Soviet Petrograd forces, knowledge and creative energy to maintain the authority of the Finnish courses, opened by order of the All-Russian General Staff for the Russian military in the military chemical field. educational institutions of November 14, 1918. In 1926, the International Red Banner School became part of the 1st Leningrad Infantry School, bringing more I wish you all good health, happiness, prosperity, accomplishment, great combat experience and the high award of the Motherland - the Order of the Red Banner, which plans, new achievements in science, and further success in service and she was awarded in 1922.

labor in the name and for the good of Russia! The Great Patriotic War was a severe test for the officers and cadets of the school. For the exemplary performance of command assignments and the valor and courage shown at the same time, on February 6, 1942, the school was awarded the Second Head of the Cantonment and Arrangement Service with the Order of the Red Banner.

Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (until April 2008 - Another combat test for the Kirovites was the Afghan and two Chechen wars. 956 graduates of the school passed through them, 72 of them gave their lives on the battlefield.

chief of troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection During the existence of the school, 120 graduations were made. More than twenty-two thousand officers marched from its walls, 57 graduates were awarded the high rank of Colonel General - Hero of the Soviet Union and Hero of Russia.

V. Filippov The editorial board and the editors of the journal "Military Thought" warmly and cordially congratulate all the citizens of Kirov, the Council of Veterans on the anniversary of the famous school and wish them good health, goodness and prosperity, new successes in the noble cause of serving the Fatherland.

THOUGHT THE MILITARY-THEORETICAL JOURNAL OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENSE 6 2008 OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION June PUBLISHED FROM JUNE 1, 1918 CONGRATULATIONS OF COLLEAGUES 33 CRI ........................................ EDITORIAL BOARD :

A WORD TO THE ANNIVERSARY S.V. Rodikov S.V. KUKHOTKIN – Application of methodology (editor-in-chief) of controlled systems to improve A.V. Aleshin of the effectiveness of protection against weapons of mass Yu.N. Baluyevsky defeat .............................................. ............... A.V. Belousov O.V. Burtsev R.N. Sadovnikov, A.Yu. BOYKO, A.I. MANETS - V.N. Buslovsky Prospects for the use of funds N.I. Vaganov remote radiation reconnaissance ....................... M.G. Vozhakin M.A. Gareev E.V. SHATALOV, O.N. ALIMOV - Integrated A.G. Gerasimov system of personal protective equipment V.E. Yevtukhovich from weapons of mass destruction .............................. O.A. Ivanov V.I. Isakov E.V. SHATALOV, E.V. EGOROV – Prospects for E.A. Karpov developing a system of infantry flamethrowers A.F. Klimenko as an integral part of A.F. Maslov of individual combat equipment N.G. Mikhaltsov military personnel .................................................. ........... A.V. Osetrov V.A. Popov S.V. KUKHOTKIN, G.I. OLEFIR, A.S. VELIAMINOV - M.M. Popov Scientific and methodological foundations of the organization V.A. Popovkin of the use of radiation troops, A.S. Rukshin of chemical and biological protection of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation under E.I. Semenov liquidation emergencies at chemically (responsible secretary of the editorial board) hazardous facilities .............................................. ........................... VC. Sinilov V.V. Smirnov CONGRATULATIONS TO VETERANS OF THE INSTITUTE........ V.G. Khalitov Yu.M. Chubarev GEOPOLITICS AND SECURITY (deputy editor-in-chief) A.A. Shvaichenko A.V. RADCHUK – A methodological approach to determining the levels of unacceptable damage to the economic system of the state........................................................... ......................... S.A. KOMOV, S.V. Korotkov, I.N. DYLEVSKY - On the evolution of modern American doctrine EDITORIAL ADDRESS:

"information operations" ........................................................ 119160, Moscow , MILITARY ART Khoroshevskoe highway, 38d.

The editors of the journal I.N. VOROBYOV, V.A. KISELYOV - Strategic "Military Thought"

in modern wars .............................................................. .. Phones:

693-58-94, 693-57-73 K.A. TROTSENKO – On the implementation of combat capabilities fax: 693-58-92 of the tactical group of troops................................................. Attention authors! ACCORDING TO THE AUTHOR To pay the royalties, it is necessary to inform the editorial office of M.S. SHUTENKO - On the issue of the content of your TIN, address, series and number of electronic warfare .............................................. ........ passports, date of birth and number of the state pension insurance certificate.

"Military Thought", CONGRATULATIONS OF COLLEAGUES 33 TO THE INSTITUTE OF CONGRATULATIONS OF COLLEAGUES 33 TO THE INSTITUTE ANOTHER anniversary date in the life of the staff of the 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense is an excellent occasion to pay tribute and admiration to all those who devoted themselves to the Shikhans: workers, engineers, scientists, soldiers, officers.

With all the variety of specialties and professions represented in the numerous staff of the institute, there is one quality that all employees without exception possess - true patriotism. It is this quality that brought together representatives of various cities and towns throughout Russia into a unique community, the purpose of which is to preserve and increase the defense capability and authority of the Motherland.

Many outstanding scientists and organizers of science, testers of the highest qualification created an impeccable reputation of the institute: academicians I.L. Knunyants, A.D. Kuntsevich, extra-class specialists V.G. Zolotar, N.S. Antonov, V.T. Zabornya, V.P. Malyshev, M.I. Smirnov, V.P. Kar pov. This list could go on and on.

Coverage of the results of the work of departments and departments of the institute, impressive scientific achievements are rarely seen on the pages of scientific journals and publications, however, they are clearly felt in every model, weapon systems, recommendations for troops that are developed and implemented in the defense complex with the participation of specialists institute.

33 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and Shikhany are a wonderful community of military and civilian scientists, theoreticians and practitioners, and unique specialists. Their role and significance for the state and society cannot be effectively replaced by the results of the activities of any other structures and institutions.

It can be said without exaggeration that the institute and everything related to it is the national treasure of Russia, the development, support and prosperity of which is an objective necessity and the main task of the command of the NBC protection troops, the leadership of the institute and its numerous staff.

On the day of the 80th anniversary of the glorious Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense, please accept the most sincere congratulations, wishes for new creative and labor successes, progressive growth and development of fundamental and applied branches of knowledge, which are the basis of your fruitful, such necessary work for the benefit of our Motherland.

A convinced Shikhanian, Director of the Research Institute of Hygiene, Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, State Prize Laureate, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor V.R. Rembovsky CONGRATULATIONS FROM COLLEAGUES 33 TO THE INSTITUTE TEAM OF Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman congratulates the personnel of the 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on the 80th anniversary of its foundation!

Your institute has made a worthy contribution to the development of military chemical science, to the creation of a reliable defense shield for our Motherland. To date, the Institute has accumulated a great scientific and technical potential, created a unique laboratory and field experimental base, which make it possible to successfully solve the most complex tasks in the development of modern weapons and means of radiation, chemical and biological protection.

On this significant day for you, it is a pleasure to note that the collectives of the Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman and the institute work in close contact over the research of various scientific and technical aspects of improving the technical equipment of the troops of the NBC protection of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. We note the high scientific authority of your institute both in the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and in the defense industry.

We wish the entire team, veterans of the institute, good health, creative longevity, prosperity and new achievements in strengthening Russia's power!

Rector of the Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences I.B. Fedorov FROM THE WORK TEAM OF CJSC "Ki Rasa" and on my own behalf, I congratulate you on significant date- 80th anniversary of the founding of the institute. 33 The Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation is the leading scientific research institution of the troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

High professionalism, responsible approach to business, efficiency in decision-making, benevolence and assistance in solving complex technical problems - these are the main qualities that characterize the work of the management and staff of the Institute. Thanks to them, the institute deservedly occupies a leading position in Russia in terms of the level and quality of its research.

During this period, the employees of the Institute have done a great deal of work on the creation and development of new models of military equipment, the training of scientific personnel, and made a significant contribution to the improvement and increase in the combat effectiveness of the Armed Forces of the country.

CONGRATULATIONS FROM COLLEAGUES 33 TO THE INSTITUTE We wish the esteemed staff of the Institute further creative success in the development of military science, in the noble cause of strengthening the defense capability of Russia, health and happiness to you and your loved ones.

General Director of CJSC "Kirasa"

V.A. Kormushin TEAM of closed joint-stock company Polymerfilter cordially congratulates the staff of the 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on the 80th anniversary!

Over the 80 years of its activity, your institute has made a significant contribution to the solution of a set of tasks to ensure the protection of the troops and the population of the country from chemical weapons, radioactive substances and biological agents. We are pleased to note that the path traversed by the Institute over the eighty years is directly and closely related to the labor efforts of our team, the implementation of many of your recommendations into specific defense products.

We appreciate your merits marked by high state awards, the modest work of each performer and wish you further success in solving common problems. The Institute is distinguished by extensive ties with the troops, research institutions, educational institutions of the Ministry of Defense, scientific, design and industrial enterprises.

On this significant day for you, it is a pleasure to note that the teams of JSC "Polymerfilter" and your institute are working closely on the research of various scientific and technical aspects in the development of modern water supply facilities.

We wish the entire staff of the Institute further creative success in strengthening the combat power of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation for the benefit of the Motherland!

General Director of CJSC "Polymerfilter"

Laureate of the State Prize S.Yu. Eroshchev ON BEHALF of the team of the Order of Lenin of JSC "Neorganika" we congratulate the 33rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on the glorious 80th anniversary of the organization.

During all these years, you have stood guard over the security of our Armed Forces and the entire population from the possible impact of weapons of mass destruction from a potential enemy.

CONGRATULATIONS FROM COLLEAGUES 33 TO THE INSTITUTE You substantiated, developed, tested hundreds of new types of protection, indication, and degassing means, which were always not inferior to foreign models in their technical characteristics, and most often surpassed them. The standards, guidelines, and instructions developed by you for the combat operation of samples ensured the effective use of new means.

The gigantic work you have done ensured the high security of our Armed Forces and population, which did not allow us to use weapons of mass destruction against us during this entire period.

The employees of the institute made an invaluable contribution with their heroic work to the elimination of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant.

The high level of scientific research and testing work carried out at the institute, most of which are unique, contributes to the development in industry, in particular in our association, of perfect models of technology. The Institute has rightly become a forge of highly qualified personnel. Hundreds of candidates, doctors of sciences working at the institute work not only in the Armed Forces, but also in many industrial organizations, making a worthy contribution to our economy. The Institute rightfully enjoys unquestioned authority among the scientific institutions of the country and abroad.

The Institute's developments have repeatedly received the highest state awards, including State Prizes.

Our association has been closely cooperating with the institute from the very beginning of its formation, continuously for all these 80 years. All these years we have constantly felt the reliable shoulder of our colleagues in a common cause. We were rendered invaluable assistance in our work both by the specialists of our departments and by the management of the Institute. What we have achieved is also your merit, for which we are very grateful to you. We look forward to further fruitful cooperation.

We wish you, the outpost of military chemical science, further success in your work, well-being, personal happiness to all the employees of the Institute.

General Director of OJSC ENPO Neorganika

Laureate of the State Prize V.V. Chebykin ACCEPT sincere congratulations on the anniversary of the 33rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

The 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has come a long and fruitful path and today is a wonderful example of how creative search combined with labor, energy, knowledge, will and organizational skills of all generations of the scientific elite of the institute can lead to pre red results.

Over the years, the institute has become a leader in many areas of development of new technologies in military chemical science.

CONGRATULATIONS FROM COLLEAGUES 33 TO THE INSTITUTE Your Institute is a pioneer in the development and improvement of various means of chemical protection for the troops and population of our Motherland.

The scope of daily activities, the professionalism and competence of the friendly team inspire respect and allow us to see your institution as a reliable partner in the implementation of the most daring projects within the framework of our scientific cooperation.

We are confident that your movement towards new successes will continue in the future.

I wish the whole team the realization of creative ideas, well-being, prosperity, stability and continuous movement forward!

Director General of GosNIOKhT Doctor of Technical Sciences V.B. Kondratiev On behalf of the employees of the State Unitary Enterprise "Instrument Design Bureau" I heartily congratulate you on the 80th anniversary of the Institute.

Our organizations are linked by long-term fruitful work on the development of flamethrower weapons.

Celebrating the glorious anniversary of your institute, I would like to emphasize the high professionalism of the employees and the responsibility in fulfilling the tasks set to strengthen the defense capability of our country.

I would like to express special gratitude to all the former and current employees of the Institute for their huge contribution to our joint work, for the kind, human relations that have developed between the 33rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the KBP State Unitary Enterprise.

Happy holiday to you, dear friends, I wish you all good health, success in your assigned work, new scientific achievements, personal well-being and further fruitful cooperation between us!

General Director of State Unitary Enterprise "KBP"

Doctor of Economics and Candidate of Technical Sciences A.L. Rybas MANAGEMENT and staff of CJSC "Center for Special Design - Vector" cordially congratulates the personnel of the 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on a significant date - the 80th anniversary of education day!

This date is an important stage of the difficult and responsible path that you have traveled with honor and dignity. CONGRATULATIONS FROM COLLEAGUES 33 TO THE INSTITUTE You have made a great contribution to the successful operation of the troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection and, as a result, to the strengthening of Russia and the enterprises of the defense complex.

For 80 years, step by step, we have grown and improved our experience and skills, brought up experienced leaders, and raised a strong team of specialists.

The staff of CJSC "Center for Special Design - Vector" always feels support, an honest assessment of the merits of the products being developed, assistance in providing work on the creation of new models of equipment.

Extensive professional experience, a deep understanding of the issues of providing troops with new models of weapons and military equipment, the ability to identify the most promising areas for their development - these are the qualities that earned your organization the sincere respect of industrial enterprises.

And today the staff of CJSC "Center for Special Design - Vector" is deeply convinced that further cooperation and joint work will allow us to create the best models of equipment needed by the Russian Armed Forces.

Turning 80 is an important life milestone, but you still have many great and glorious deeds and accomplishments ahead of you.

We sincerely wish you good health, well-being, and also meet the new anniversary with new successes for the benefit of our Motherland.

General Director of CJSC "Center for Special Design - Vector"

Candidate of Technical Sciences, Honorary Corresponding Member of the International Academy of Natural Sciences E.M. Litvinenko DEAR staff of the 33rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation! Please accept our congratulations on the 80th anniversary of the Institute!

Thanks to close collaboration with specialists from the 33rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, a number of the most important samples for the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia were tested and accepted for supply.

CONGRATULATIONS FROM COLLEAGUES 33 TO THE INSTITUTE We appreciate the good relations that have developed between our teams and look forward to long-term and fruitful cooperation.

Dear colleagues, we wish you good health, prosperity, and further success in your professional activities!

General Director of OAO Sorbent

B.A. Dubovik DEAR colleagues! The management and employees of the State Scientific Center FSUE "TsNIIKhM" heartily congratulate the staff of the Federal State Institution 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on the 80th anniversary of its foundation. All long-term and fruitful activities of the institute are aimed at solving the most complex scientific, technical and special military problems of creating and operating high-tech weapons and ensuring radiation, chemical and biological safety of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and the state as a whole.

The high qualification of the Institute's staff and the unique testing base, which has no analogues in the country and abroad, ensure the successful creation and development of the latest models of weapons and military equipment.

We note with particular satisfaction the Institute's contribution to the training of military chemical scientists, testers, commanders and personnel of the troops in the matter of increasing the defense capability of our Motherland.

On the day of the 80th anniversary, we sincerely confirm our readiness to strengthen the good traditions that have developed in our creative ties, and jointly develop new areas of research and development.

Many years of life, health, scientific achievements, creative success, family well-being, success and happiness to your family and friends!

Director General of the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation FSUE "TsNIIKhM"

doctor of technical sciences, professor SV Eremin DEAR Sergey Vladimirovich!

FSUE GNPP Splav congratulates you and the staff of the Institute on the 80th anniversary of the founding of the 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

Throughout its existence, the institute has confidently held leading positions as a scientific and testing organization not only in the troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, but also in the Ministry of Defense as a whole.

The staff of the institute adequately responds to the challenges of the time and the tasks set, constantly participates in testing new models of equipment, and also improves previously released ones, conducting fundamental and applied research, developing the most advanced technologies.

Joint cooperation in the development and testing of such products of special equipment as unguided rocket projectiles as part of the heavy flamethrower systems TOS-1 and TOS-1A, the steam-liquid special processing unit PZhU SO "Blanche", the autonomous special processing device APSO "Zabaikalie", a set of autonomous military devices of special processing "Pomada", showed the high scientific and creative potential of the team of the 33rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

The combination of scientific potential and traditions, as well as the unique laboratory and testing facilities of the Institute, provide an opportunity to solve problems of creating and testing promising samples of special equipment at a high scientific and technical level.

I wish you and the staff of the Institute good health, happiness, success, scientific accomplishments and creative success.

Director General of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise GNPP Splav, Hero of the Russian Federation, Laureate of the Lenin and State Prizes, Academician of the RA RAS, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor N.A. Makarovets DEAR FRIENDS!

The staff of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "FSPC "Pribor"

congratulates you on a significant date - the 80th anniversary of the foundation of the Federal State Institution 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

On this solemn day, let me note that the staff of the Institute confidently occupies a leading position as a scientific institution, allowing for many years to conduct unique full-scale experiments to test the latest models of weapons and military equipment. The merits of the institute are marked by high government awards.

Joint cooperation over the course of many years has linked us with bonds of mutual creativity, work for the good of the Motherland in the creation of the latest models of technology.

CONGRATULATIONS FROM COLLEAGUES 33 TO THE INSTITUTE The staff of the Institute are highly qualified specialists, scientists who continue the glorious scientific traditions of the Institute in modern conditions.

Dear colleagues, we wish you good health, personal happiness, prosperity, scientific and creative achievements.

General Director, Academician O.T. The Chizhevsky TEAM of JSC "Scientific Research Institute of Rubber and Latex Products" cordially congratulates the staff of the 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on a glorious event - the 80th anniversary of its foundation.

For us, the activity of your team is especially valuable, aimed at studying the influence of various adverse factors on the human body and methods of its protection. Broad erudition, high professional level, interest in identifying the most reliable ways and methods of human protection ensure the accuracy and reliability of the Institute's research results.

We wish your team continued successful work for the benefit of our Motherland, and also wish every employee of the team success, health and happiness.

Sincerely yours, General Director of OJSC "Scientific Research Institute of Rubber and Latex Products"

V.V. Ivanov A WORD TO THE ANNIVERSARIES Application of the methodology of controlled systems to increase the effectiveness of protection against weapons of mass destruction Colonel S.V. KUKHOTKIN, Candidate of Technical Sciences KUKHOTKIN Sergey Vladimirovich was born on March 13, 1959 in the village of Susolovka, Ustyug district, Vologda region.

Graduated from the Tambov Higher Military Command School of Chemical Defense (1980) and the Military Academy of Chemical Defense (1991).

Since 1991 - at the 33rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. He went from junior researcher to head of the institute. Specialist in the field of operational tactical and feasibility studies of the prospects for the development of weapons and means of radiation, chemical and biological protection.

He was awarded the Order of Military Merit and many medals. Author of more than 190 scientific papers. Associate Professor, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Engineering Sciences, Professor of the Academy of Military Sciences.

The MODERN concept of developing means and methods for protecting troops and facilities from weapons of mass destruction (WMD) is based on the holistic concept of a protection system as a closed information and control circuit that includes all stages of work of various levels of control - from organizing the collection of information on radiation, chemical and biological ( RCB) to the situation before the control functions associated with the implementation of adequate protection measures. This is due to the fact that, since there are no simple and permanent means of protection against weapons of mass destruction, the implementation of any measures to protect troop units is carried out on command after analyzing the data characterizing the current situation.

Figure 1 shows a structural and functional diagram of such a system, developed on the basis of a generalization of structural models of control systems known from the theory of automatic control and regulation. In accordance with this scheme, the protection operation algorithm is as follows. According to intelligence data, the probable state of the control object is predicted in the planned time interval of combat work. Taking into account these data and based on the results of monitoring the current state of the object, the control body develops an action that transfers the protection subsystem to a certain state, which in turn ensures the preservation of the object in a combat-ready state.

In terms of control theory, one of the fundamental principles of control is implemented with the help of technical means of RCB reconnaissance - the principle of compensation or control according to measurement data of a disturbing factor with the so-called open control cycle, in which the actual state of the object is not controlled.

This principle has a significant drawback, consisting in the fact that S.V. KUKHOTKIN Fig. Fig. 1. Structural-functional scheme of the system of protection against weapons of mass destruction The presence of instrumental and methodological errors in the information loop of the system eventually leads to a deviation of the state of the object from the required one.

With the help of RCB control, the second fundamental principle of control is implemented - the principle of feedback or control by deviation of the state of an object from a given one. In this case, the control action is corrected, as a result of which the control cycle becomes closed. The disadvantage of this principle is that control errors are not eliminated, but only corrected, i.e.

taken into account in subsequent decisions.

There is also a third fundamental principle - the principle of direct control, when protection measures are taken regardless of the presence or absence of data on the damaging factors of WMD and the current state of control objects. This principle is not always implemented due to the restrictive and debilitating effect of modern means and methods of protection.

It should be emphasized that a fundamental feature of the structural diagram of a functional protection system is the presence in its structure of two information subsystems (channels) different in purpose: RCB intelligence and RCB control. At present, such a division is clearly traced only for systems of protection against radiation factors of a nuclear explosion, in which reconnaissance means are represented by dose rate meters, and control means are dose meters. With regard to the identification of the chemical and biological environment, there is currently no such explicit apparatus separation. The functions of forecasting and control are carried out with the help of the same equipment. However, it is fundamentally important that the process of making a decision on protection is always based on two types of information: a forecast of the impact of WMD on objects based on NBC reconnaissance data and an assessment of their current state control based on NBC data.

The absence of any of these components of information makes it fundamentally impossible to choose adequate protection measures.

APPLICATION OF THE METHODOLOGY OF CONTROLLED SYSTEMS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST NMD As is known, the starting and most important step in the mathematical description of a controlled process is the choice and formalization of the control goal. To choose the “wrong” elements of the system means to create a less efficient system, to choose the “wrong” goal means to create the wrong system.

The goal of protection in one or another link of the hierarchical control system is dictated by the very formulation of the combat mission by the higher control link and can be formulated as ensuring the combat capability of the control object (in a particular case, by using personal protective equipment) in the time interval for performing this task.

There is a probabilistic dependence of the loss of combat capability on the intensity and time of exposure to one or another damaging factor of WMD, i.e., on the dose of radiation, toxodose or infectious dose (generally - dose). Consequently, the current value of the dose is an objective quantitative characteristic that determines the state of the combat capability of the control object, and, consequently, a formal control object in terms of protection against weapons of mass destruction. Therefore, the goal of the functioning of the protection system is achieved only if the dose of the personnel of the control object does not exceed a certain conditionally permissible value, at which the probability of failure of the object is close to zero or does not exceed a certain specified value.

Formally, the goal of protection control is given by the inequality:

D(Tb.r.) Dadd, (1) where Dadd is a conditionally permissible dose that does not lead to loss of combat capability in the time interval for performing combat work.

All protection measures are ultimately aimed at reducing the dose in one way or another, therefore, the protective properties of protection measures are fully characterized by the dose reduction ratio (protection factor) due to these measures in relation to the unprotected state. Therefore, from a formal point of view, protection management is the planning and implementation of measures that provide the necessary protection factor (Kz). The value of this coefficient serves as an integral characteristic of the complex of planned protection measures in the time interval of combat work and, in essence, is a formalized description of the control action.

In the general case, the control possibilities are limited by a certain maximum value of the protection coefficient Kmax, which determines the actual limit of the active activity of the control body to reduce the destructive effect of controlled WMD factors, i.e., the protection resource of one or another control link.

Accordingly, the controlled area of ​​possible states of the control object is defined by the following inequalities:

1 Kz K max. (2) The physical meaning of the introduced concepts: protection resource, controllable area - is explained in Figure 2. It schematically represents the affected area of ​​unprotected objects, limited by the curve for the allowable dose and the affected area, determined by the final resource of protection, limited by the curve for the dose determined by as by S.V. KUKHOTKIN Fig. 2. Illustration of the concepts of "protection resource"

and "managed area"

maintenance of the allowable dose per protection resource. Here, the managed area is the area of ​​loss prevention through protection measures.

In the affected area, objects are not controllable, i.e., in the general case, the process of protection against WMD is limited controllable.

It should be noted that outside the controlled area (with D Dadd) carrying out excessive protection measures means an unjustified expenditure of forces and means and, in a certain sense, a decrease in the combat capability of the object of protection.

In a generalized form, the protection control algorithm is reduced to a standard control scheme known from control theory. This scheme is easy to follow in all currently valid guidelines and manuals on NBC protection.

First, according to intelligence data, the dose Dpr is predicted, which can be received by an object during the execution of a combat mission.

Secondly, according to the control data, the dose Dkn, received by the object earlier, is determined. And finally, thirdly, the governing body plans protection measures to ensure the protection factor Kz, which is determined by the following equation:

Dpr Kz =, (3) Dperm Dcn where Dperm is the allowable dose that does not lead to the loss of the object's combat capability.

It is important to note that the process of developing a decision on measures to protect an object can be repeated many times as the next combat missions are set or the current operational-tactical situation changes. The sequence of control cycles constitutes the dynamics of the object protection process.

In real military structures or even in individual control cycles, structural-functional schemes can be implemented in which there is no reconnaissance or control channel, or both channels. These schemes are not typical and can be considered as special cases of the general functional scheme. Moreover, upon closer examination, it turns out that even in such "degenerate" schemes, the absence of information channels is only apparent. The fact is that in the process of making a decision, the missing information is always completed (intuitively predicted with varying degrees of certainty) by the person making the decision.

APPLICATION OF THE METHODOLOGY OF CONTROLLED SYSTEMS FOR PROTECTION AGAINST WMD Due to the influence of errors in the information channels of reconnaissance and control, the protection factor of real protection measures will always differ from that required according to (3) and will be determined by an expression that takes into account these errors:

Dpr(r) (1 + rz) Kz =, (4) Dadd Dcn(r) (1 + cn) where Dpr(r) is the actual dose that will be received instead of Dpr;

Dcn(r) - the actual dose that was received instead of Dcn;

pz - error of RCB reconnaissance;

kn - error RHB control.

Taking into account the introduced designations, it is possible to write down an expression for the total radiation dose that will be received by the object after the completion of the combat mission:

Dpr (r) Dreg \u003d Dkn (r) +. (5) Kz Substituting (4) into (5), we obtain an expression for determining the state of the object, taking into account errors in the information control loop. We rewrite the resulting equality in general form:

Dobl \u003d Dadd (1 + control). (6) In the right part of the expression, a dynamic error of protection control control is introduced, which can be expressed in terms of the errors pz and kn obtained in the reconnaissance and control loops, respectively.

Therefore, it can be argued that the actual state of the control object at the end of the next stage of activity, which took place under the conditions of the implementation of the specified protection measures, will differ from the required value by a well-defined value of the dynamic error. Note that since the errors of reconnaissance and control in the general case are random values, then the dynamic control error and, accordingly, the state of the control object are also random variables. In addition to this, it should be added that at each point of the controlled area there will be losses due to control errors. Moreover, these losses are uncontrollable, and it is impossible to foresee them in advance if the dynamics of the protection process is not taken into account.

Depending on the sign of the dynamic error, two types of errors occur in the protection control process. An error of the first kind is an underestimation of the destructive effect of WMD, and an error of the second kind is an exaggeration of the danger when protective measures exceed the required level. It should be emphasized that the idea of ​​mutual compensation of errors of the opposite sign, as is the case in the process of multiple measurements, is incorrect in relation to the process of multiple decision-making on protecting an object from WMD. Management errors different sign"work" in one direction, reducing the combat effectiveness of control objects either due to direct or due to conditional losses. In other words, the process of protection of military objects of control is characterized by the property of asymmetry with respect to informational errors.

This difference dictates the need to justify the requirements for metrological characteristics within the framework of a functional control system, and not a measuring system, as is done in most cases at present.

S.V. KUKHOTKIN In real systems with a finite resource of protection, there objectively exists a second hierarchical level of control, the task of which is the rational use of the reserve for the restoration of inoperable objects. At this level, an error of the first kind leads to the failure of the combat mission, since an object that is not combat-ready will be allowed to complete it. On the contrary, in the case of an error of the second kind - an overestimation of the danger, a combat-ready object will be removed from the task. Thus, at all levels of the hierarchical control system, there is an asymmetry of the protection process with respect to information errors. Informational errors of any sign lead to the loss of managed objects. At the highest levels of control, the essence of conditional losses of objects from WMD is more clearly manifested, and these losses can be quantified if the law of distribution of the dynamic control error is known.

This leads to a methodologically important conclusion: since the value of losses in a controlled system is proportional to the dynamic error, then with a sufficiently large value of it and with a sufficiently small impact of MLD, the losses of protected objects will exceed the losses of unprotected objects. This fact can be confirmed by an experiment carried out by American military chemists during Operation Desert Storm (1991), when “chemical” personnel losses were recorded. At the same time, it is known that Iraq did not use chemical weapons.

Consequently, in each specific case, for a given level (scale) of the impact of NLE and given characteristics of the control loop, there is an optimal hierarchical level, above which control of protection is impractical due to a large dynamic error.

The functional approach makes it possible to naturally introduce a general or integral criterion for the effectiveness of the process of protecting military facilities, taking into account the dynamics of the process: the prevented losses in each control cycle should not be lower than a given value that ensures the preservation or restoration of the combat capability of control objects. Moreover, the replacement of the affected object is considered as one of the measures to protect the higher hierarchical levels of control, which determines certain specific requirements for the elements of the information control loop of these levels.

Taking into account the probabilistic nature of the influencing factors, the probability of maintaining the combat capability of the control object can serve as a quantitative indicator of effectiveness in one or another level of troops.

In this case, the integral criterion for the effectiveness of the protection process is given by the inequality Р(D) Padd. (7) In the block diagram of the protection management system, information and executive subsystems can be distinguished, respectively, the integral performance indicator allows decomposition into two generalized partial indicators:

P(D)=P(Kmax)P(, control) (8) where P(Kmax) is the probability of maintaining combat readiness due to the implementation of the maximum protection resource (Kmax) provided that the task is performed by the protection control information loop;

P(, control) is the probability of maintaining combat capability in the protection system when using information characterized by completeness (), efficiency of its receipt () and root-mean-square dynamic control error (control).

In conclusion, we note that the most important generalization of the presented content model is the representation of the totality of means and methods of protection in various levels of troops of one dynamic variable - the resource of protection, the structure of which, within the framework of this article, we cannot describe in more detail.

The last general remark concerns the methodological proposition about the universality of the control mechanism underlying the developed models. Despite the variety of real situations, as well as the formulated operational-tactical tasks for protecting troops and objects from WMD, all of them can be described within the framework of a single principal diagram of the control system based on the fundamental principles of control known from control theory. It should be emphasized that these principles may not be realized in a more or less explicit form in the practical activities of various levels of troops in the organization of protection, however, the objective reality is that it is the improvement of functional ties in the troop command and control circuit that correspond to these fundamental principles, constitutes the internal content, the goal of improving the means and methods of protecting troops and facilities from weapons of mass destruction on present stage. The methods of the theory of automatic control make it possible, within the framework of models of controlled systems, to study the dynamic properties of the defense system associated with the assessment of the stability and quality of command and control of troops under the conditions of the use of weapons of mass destruction. Solving the problem of minimizing the dynamic error will make it possible to clarify the optimal requirements for the structure and characteristics of the system links included in the closed protection control loop.

Prospects for the use of means of remote radiation reconnaissance R.N. SADOVNIKOV, Doctor of Technical Sciences Colonel A.Yu. BOYKO, candidate of technical sciences A.I. MANETS, Ph.D. the use of nuclear weapons or the destruction of nuclear power facilities. In this regard, the fundamental requirements, presenting R.N. Sadovnikov, A.Yu. BOYKO, A.I. MANETS applied to this system are the efficiency and reliability of detecting the radiation situation.

The modern VSVO is built on a linear-hierarchical principle in accordance with the structural organization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation and consists of subsystems of the same type in structure, each of which functions in the interests of the command of a certain military level, usually at the tactical or operational-tactical level.

A typical modern HSVO subsystem includes an information collection and processing point (ISPC) and a set of automated mobile systems for radiation, chemical and biological reconnaissance (APK RKhBR), the number of which is determined depending on the level of the corresponding military unit (Fig. 1).

Rice. Fig. 1. Structural organization of the main technical means of the HSVO. PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF REMOTE RADIATION INTELLIGENCE FACILITIES ). At present, a reconnaissance vehicle of the RHM-4 type, equipped with automated reconnaissance instruments and their controls, as well as equipment for transmitting data to a telecode communication channel organized with the PSOI, can now be considered as a typical RKhBR HSC.

Despite its good efficiency, modern VSVO nevertheless does not allow achieving a sufficiently high probability of obtaining complete and reliable reconnaissance data with the required promptness in conditions of highly maneuverable, dynamic combat operations. This is due, first of all, to the low adaptive ability of the system to the losses of the AIC RHBR. Thus, disabling even one HSC RKhBR entails the loss of information about radiation levels in one of the regions of the region controlled by the system. If this information is of significant value when, for example, an important facility is located in the area, then it should be considered that the effectiveness of the WSS in the current situation is unacceptably low.

Increasing the probability of detecting the situation can be achieved by increasing the number of authorized personnel of the HSC RKhBR in each of the HSBO subsystems. Additional reconnaissance complexes can represent a reserve of the system, used in the event of losses in order to maintain the efficiency of detecting the situation at the required level. However, it is obvious that such a direction of development requires significant economic costs both during the period of system modernization and at the stage of its operation. Therefore, it is necessary to find the internal reserves of the system in order to ensure its high efficiency even in difficult conditions functioning, and without an increase in the number of staff of the RKhBR agro-industrial complex and the resources necessary to identify the situation.

In this regard, it seems more acceptable to increase the probability of detecting the situation by reducing the areas where radiation reconnaissance is carried out, which, in turn, makes it possible to reduce the number of AIC RCBR assets. At present, in order to obtain a complete picture of the parameters of radioactive contamination of the area, reconnaissance must be carried out within the entire area of ​​responsibility, even if the area of ​​radioactive traces is insignificant. This approach is due to the impossibility of accurately predicting the wind field in which the cloud of a nuclear explosion moves in the space-time interval of the formation of a dangerous radioactive contamination of the area. But the situation may change radically if remote radiation reconnaissance complexes are introduced into the existing VSVO, which make it possible to trace the trajectories of elements of nuclear explosion clouds within the controlled territory. The processing of this kind of information makes it possible to accurately determine areas of radioactive contamination and, accordingly, to optimize the use of local reconnaissance complexes.

From a formal point of view, it can even be argued that the use of the very term "radiation reconnaissance" in the case of maintaining a system where remote reconnaissance means are used to determine the position of radioactive traces becomes, to a certain extent, illegal. After all, conducting intelligence involves identifying the unknown, the unexpected. For modern VSVO, unexpected R.N. Sadovnikov, A.Yu. BOYKO, A.I. MANEC (probabilistic) is the position of areas of radioactive contamination, which is determined in the course of reconnaissance, however, for the prospective system under consideration, such information will be quite specific.

The general algorithm for the functioning of the HSVO with the introduction of remote reconnaissance means into its composition involves the following activities: tracking radioactive clouds by remote reconnaissance complexes;

determination of the configuration of the area of ​​radioactive contamination of the area;

calculation of the coordinates of control points at which it is necessary to measure the infection parameters;

determination of reconnaissance routes;

conducting radiation reconnaissance of the agro-industrial complex RKhBR.

Consider general principles interaction of means of remote and local reconnaissance to clarify the area of ​​detection of the situation. The atmosphere is the initial, dynamically changing source of perturbation, which causes uncertainty in the position and configuration of the area of ​​radioactive contamination.

Indeed, it is impossible to predict how the diffusion of the cloud will proceed at each moment of time, since the magnitude of the turbulence intensity can change in an unpredictable way at different intervals of the considered spatiotemporal region of the formation of the radioactive trace. The average parameters of the wind flow, the most important of which are its magnitude and direction, can also change significantly during cloud movement.

Tracking the position of the cloud and its size within the limits specified by the minimum concentration of radioactive aerosol taken into account makes it possible to constantly correct the configuration and position of the area of ​​radioactive contamination. However, in this case, we get all the disadvantages of the disturbance control system, due to the fact that it is impossible to obtain complete information about all parameters (f1, f2, …, fn) that affect the magnitude of the disturbance.

In this regard, it is advisable to add a control loop by mistake.

The determination of the magnitude of the error made in predicting the configuration and position of the next site of radioactive contamination on the trail of a nuclear explosion cloud should be based on the data of instrumental radiation reconnaissance. The result obtained in this way is used to refine the algorithm for determining the area of ​​infection based on cloud sounding data. The described approach to the process of refining the area of ​​radiation reconnaissance can be displayed in the form of a functional diagram (Fig. 2).

In accordance with this approach, the task of the control body is to obtain information J, which is the results of measurements of the dose rate of gamma radiation at points located with the required density within the region of radioactive contamination (GREM), with the minimum possible number of HCS RCBR information. At the output of the control system, information J is obtained, which is the results of measurements of the dose rate of gamma radiation within the area of ​​radiation reconnaissance (GPP). In this case, the quality of the control system will be characterized by the completeness of the coincidence of the areas of GREM and GPP.

Thus, control in the VSVO should be aimed at dynamic refinement of the field of radiation reconnaissance by remote reconnaissance complexes on the basis of data obtained by local reconnaissance complexes.

The interaction of local and remote reconnaissance complexes in the process of revealing the radiation situation will be carried out. 2. Combined system for managing the process of optimizing the regime for detecting the radiation situation not directly, but through the PSOI used as an intermediate link (Fig. 3). When the system is built according to this principle, it becomes possible to use separate communication channels for transmitting reconnaissance data and for transmitting the results of cloud sounding.

This approach is due to the following reasons. First, it must be remembered that sounding data must take precedence over radiation survey data. This is due to the fact that the results of sounding serve as the basis for determining or clarifying the position and configuration of local reconnaissance areas.

Secondly, over the communication channel used by local reconnaissance means, messages containing the results of measurements of gamma radiation dose rates will be transmitted with great intensity. Under such conditions, queues of messages can be formed at the input of the receiving device, which, in turn, can lead to significant delays (compared to the moment of transmission) in obtaining the next results of sounding of the radioactive cloud via the PULS.

It is obvious that the detection by means of remote reconnaissance of the position and configuration of areas subjected to radioactive contamination makes it possible to use the minimum possible number of RCBR in each specific case to determine the specific parameters of ionizing radiation fields. As a result, the efficiency of VSVO is significantly increased. This increase can manifest itself in various ways, including through a variety of possibilities, which will be determined by the ratio of the number of local reconnaissance assets and the scale of radioactive contamination.

For example, if only a small part of the controlled territory has been infected, and all the regular RKhBR agro-industrial complexes are in a combat-ready state, then there is the following set of possibilities:

firstly, to determine the parameters of infection in accordance with the standard method, while obtaining savings in fuel and engine life;

secondly, to use all available reconnaissance means and reduce the total time for revealing the situation, which will ultimately help to reduce the radiation losses of units;

third - to use all available reconnaissance means during the R.N. Sadovnikov, A.Yu. BOYKO, A.I. MANETS Fig. 3. The general scheme of information interaction of local and remote reconnaissance complexes in the process of detecting the radiation situation for the entire allowable time of detecting the situation in order to increase the density of measurement points to increase the reliability of detecting the situation, which, moreover, will reduce radiation losses.

As the share of the controlled territory exposed to contamination increases and the number of combat-ready APCs of the RChBR decreases, a limit may be reached at which an increase in the efficiency and reliability of detecting the situation in comparison with the minimum required values ​​is not ensured.

Summarizing the above considerations, it can be argued that an increase in the effectiveness of the VSVO when operating in adverse conditions involves the introduction of remote reconnaissance equipment into its composition. The use of such tools makes it possible to achieve the required efficiency and reliability of detecting the radiation situation not due to the extensive development of the system, but by expanding its functionality and improving the operation algorithms.

An additional advantage, which will provide a reduction in the areas of radiation reconnaissance, is to reduce the level of requirements for the minimum allowable data transfer rate over automated communication channels, which, in turn, will have a positive impact on maintaining the required efficiency of VSVO in conditions of disruption of radio communications after the use of nuclear weapons by the enemy. weapons.

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF REMOTE RADIATION INTELLIGENCE EQUIPMENT It should be noted, however, that the expediency of the outlined direction for the development of the VSVO will be achieved only if the costs of introducing remote reconnaissance complexes into its composition are compensated by reducing the local reconnaissance complexes.

If the total cost of the existing system for detecting the radiation situation, including local reconnaissance complexes, is determined by the formula:

Cc) = C ls mls), ((c (1) where SLS is the cost of one local reconnaissance complex, then the total cost of a prospective system in which mDS remote and mLS local reconnaissance systems will have the value:

C = C DS m DS + C LS m LS, (2) where SDS, SLS are the cost of the remote and local complex, respectively.

Taking into account the accepted designations, the condition for the expediency of introducing remote reconnaissance complexes into the system for detecting the radiation situation takes the following form:

C DS m DS + C LS m LS C LS m(LS).

c (3) Having carried out the transformations, we obtain an expression for the ratio of the costs of remote and local intelligence systems:

m(c) mLS C DS / C LS LS. (4) m DS If the entire strip controlled by the HSVO subsystem is scanned by one remote reconnaissance complex, then its admissible cost has a maximum value and is determined by how much the required number of RCBR APCS can be reduced.

The minimum required number of reconnaissance vehicles (mLS) is determined, in turn, on the basis of existing views on the use of tactical nuclear weapons in the course of combat operations.

In the event that a limited use of nuclear weapons is assumed, and mainly in the form of air explosions, then the relevance of introducing remote reconnaissance complexes into the VSVO becomes obvious not only from a tactical and technical point of view, but also from an economic point of view.

Undoubtedly, it seems justified to use remote reconnaissance complexes in the case of organizing radiation reconnaissance after the release of radioactive substances into the surface layer of the atmosphere as a result of an accident at a nuclear power facility. In such a situation, the reduction in the required number of local reconnaissance complexes for use within the framework of a modern VSVO can be very significant.

Thus, the analysis carried out shows that the improvement of the modern military system for detecting the radiation, chemical, and biological conditions involves the introduction of new reconnaissance complexes intended for remote determination of a number of parameters of damaging factors. Of course, the creation of highly effective systems for remote RCB reconnaissance requires R.N. Sadovnikov, A.Yu. BOYKO, A.I. MANETS to solve a number of complex scientific and technical problems, as a result of which they will be one of the most high-tech samples of modern military equipment. The introduction of these complexes, along with equipping the troops with other promising weapons, will allow the Armed Forces of Russia to successfully maintain parity with the armies technologically. developed countries peace.

Integrated system of personnel protection against weapons of mass destruction Colonel E.V. SHATALOV, Doctor of Technical Sciences Lieutenant Colonel O.N. ALIMOV, Ph.D. new principles and technologies.

Since WMD has never been used on a large scale, the complex of measures to protect personnel from its damaging factors in combat conditions has not really been tested. The formation, development, and change of WMD takes place on the basis of ideas about the nature of possible wars and operations, the results of field tests, the experience of exercises, and a predictive assessment of the scale and consequences of the use of weapons of mass destruction. Each successive stage in the development or change of means of destruction is always accompanied by a revision of the requirements for the system of means of protecting troops. Often this requires certain changes in the field of established concepts and traditional principles of protection, taking into account new properties and the likelihood of using various types of weapons.

At present, the protection of personnel from the damaging factors of WMD is provided by a large range of means of individual and collective protection. So, for example, five samples were accepted for supply to protect the respiratory organs from poisonous substances (S), radioactive dust (RP) and biological agents (BS), two samples were taken to protect the eyes from the light radiation of a nuclear explosion (SNRI), etc. e. A similar situation has developed with air purification facilities for collective protection facilities (OKZ).

The presence of a large list of monofunctional in terms of protective properties means does not allow for the required level of their joint use. If it is necessary to provide comprehensive protection, the presence of a large number of items of equipment Updated catalog of unified initial data - 2001. Characteristics of chemical weapons of leading foreign countries for the period up to 2020. M .: General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, 2001. P. 134.

THE SYSTEM OF MEANS OF PROTECTION OF PERSONNEL FROM WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION leads to an increase in mass, and this ultimately reduces the efficiency of use.

The creation of an integrated system of means of individual and collective protection against weapons of mass destruction will make it possible to reduce the range of products (samples, assemblies, parts, materials, etc.), ensure their interchangeability and compatibility, reduce the labor intensity of maintenance and repair, simplify the system of logistics supply, reduce financial costs for the purchase of new samples.

The experience of carrying out work on the integration of weapons and military equipment, civilian products indicates the complexity of solving these problems. This is explained by the quite obvious desire to achieve the required efficiency of a technical solution with a minimum of components. This can be confirmed by the desire to protect the human respiratory organs from OM, RP, BS and aerosols of a different nature with the help of a single filter-absorbing element. but technical implementation this decision will lead to the creation of a sample that does not meet the requirements for weight and size characteristics, breathing resistance, etc.

In this regard, the main attention in carrying out such work should be given to the issues of ensuring the interchangeability and compatibility of elements (products). It should be emphasized that the solution of these issues should be provided both in the development of regulatory and technical documents, and at the stages life cycle products (development, operation, etc.).

An analysis of the combat functioning of individual and collective protective equipment to ensure the protection of the same military personnel (for example, a squad of a motorized rifle platoon) indicates the need to create (preserve) several groups of unified equipment used at various stages of combat operations. It is advisable to base this division on the possibility (probability) of the impact on a person of certain damaging factors, as well as the intensity of the work performed.

The first group should include personal protective equipment (PPE) of personnel, since they are designed to protect a soldier from almost all damaging and unfavorable factors for the human body. Therefore, the means of this group should have universal protective properties when exposed to all types of nuclear, chemical and biological munitions available to the enemy, and ensure the preservation of the functional state of the body of servicemen when performing physical loads of any intensity.

The second group includes means of protecting crews (crews) of mobile ground military equipment. The personnel stationed in these facilities can only be affected by the HE, BS and RP located in the air. Taking into account the algorithm for performing combat missions, the probability (necessity) of leaving objects in the contaminated territory, etc., the personnel will be forced to use both (or) collective and individual protective equipment.

The intensity of activity will also fluctuate over a wide range - from mild to very severe.

The main element of the integrated system of personal protection of personnel against weapons of mass destruction (the first group) is the combined-arms protective filter kit (OZK-F). At the same time, it should be emphasized that today, unlike the OKZK (OKZK-M) suits, the OZK-F is an element of the kit for the combat individual E.V. SHATALOV, O.N. ALIMOV al equipment (KBIE) of a soldier and is used only in case of threat and use of WMD.

In accordance with the concept of building a promising set of equipment, it includes the following systems: destruction, control, protection, life support and energy supply.

The basic set of personal combat equipment was developed in the late 90s of the last century and is designed to provide protection against ballistic, thermal and RCB damaging factors. It mainly includes elements developed by different ordering departments without a single target setting. In this regard, this KBIE has a number of significant disadvantages associated with low compatibility of elements, excessive total mass, etc.

When developing advanced unified means of personal protection against weapons of mass destruction, the requirements for the protection and life support systems of KBIE are taken into account.

Considering the protection system of the KBIE until 2015, it should be noted that the basis of ballistic protection and protection against weapons of mass destruction of a serviceman will be a set of protective equipment, including bulletproof vest, armored helmet, etc. Improving the life support system during this period is mainly associated with the search for new materials for these means with improved ergonomic characteristics.

In accordance with the "Comprehensive target program for the development of individual combat equipment for the military personnel of the Ground Forces and the Airborne Forces" by 2015, the basis for protecting military personnel from various adverse factors (damage, bad weather, etc.) will be a combat suit with elements of protection against weapons of mass destruction integrated into it and life support.

Many years of experience in cooperation with organizations developing personal armor protection equipment indicates the need for the following areas of improvement and unification of the complex of personal protective equipment (PSIZ) against weapons of mass destruction.

The combined-arms filtering protective suit, in our opinion, should continue to be considered as a basic means of protection against traditional WMD, as well as non-lethal weapons based on the principles of destruction inherent in weapons of mass destruction. At the same time, the most difficult direction in the unification of KSIZ from WMD and other KBIE systems will be the development of personal respiratory protection equipment. The complexity of the technical solution to this problem will be associated with the need to combine armor protection for the head and face of a serviceman, a system for supplying purified air to the respiratory organs, means for displaying information (displays) in the active zone of vision, and means for transmitting and receiving sound information.

When performing combat missions by specialists of the NBC protection forces, as well as other specialists performing combat missions outside the zone of fire (ballistic) destruction of the enemy, the OZK-F will be used in accordance with the rules and regulations for its operation. When using a combat protective kit, the protection of human skin from chemical weapons will be ensured by integrating the chemical protective layer OZK-F into the protective suit. Respiratory protection will be provided by the service filter gas mask PMK, and in the future - a promising tool.

SYSTEM OF MEANS OF PROTECTION OF PERSONNEL FROM WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION Means for regulating the microclimate of the undersuit space, developed at present, will be identical both for KBIE and for KSIZ from WMD.

Given the dynamism and transience modern combat, the degree of saturation of military formations military equipment, it can be argued that for a very long period of time the personnel will be inside the mobile objects of military equipment. These pages will conduct combat operations without leaving their facilities.

An analysis of the results of the development and operation of systems for protecting equipment from damaging factors of weapons of mass destruction, in particular, means for cleaning air from agents, RP and BS, showed that they have a number of significant drawbacks. Among them, the main one should be noted - the existing filter-ventilation installations are not unified in terms of components and layout systems.

In this regard, it seems expedient, within the framework of the unification of the system of SKZ for objects of military equipment, to develop and equip the latter with air purification facilities operating on the principle of short-cycle non-heating adsorption by regenerable absorbers.

It is proposed to develop an air purification system in the form of a general exchange-collector system with the inclusion of air conditioning facilities in its composition. At the same time, dynamic integration of means of ventilation of the undersuit space of the CSIS and the general exchange-collector system of the military equipment object itself should be provided.

In our opinion, the algorithm of the integrated system should look like this. When placing crew members (crews, landing) inside, for example, an infantry fighting vehicle, with the help of special devices, the collector wiring of the SKZ of the object is connected to the air supply unit to the undersuit (undermask) space. The air supply stimulator of the KSIZ ventilation system is turned off, and its function is performed by the facility's air purification system. The implementation of such a dynamic integration of personal and collective protection means will ensure thermostatting of the body of a serviceman, increase the battery life of the ventilation system of the undersuit space of the CSIS by turning it off for the duration of the serviceman's stay in the BMP.

Proposed structure and technical staff an integrated system of means of individual and collective protection of military personnel against weapons of mass destruction will ensure the maintenance of the required level of combat capability of personnel in the conditions of modern combined arms combat, as well as reduce the costs of production, operation and repair of system elements.

Prospects for the development of the system of infantry flamethrowers as an integral part of the individual combat equipment of military personnel Colonel E.V. SHATALOV, Doctor of Technical Sciences Colonel E.V. EGOROV, Candidate of Technical Sciences IN MODERN conditions of high probability of unleashing armed conflicts and local wars, in which non-traditional forms and methods of armed struggle can be used, the success of the armed forces will, as a rule, be achieved by conducting autonomous combat operations by small tactical units (groups), dispersed over a vast territory, in cooperation with the formations of other power ministries and departments. The effective performance of combat missions by such subunits, as experience shows, is impossible without the use of modern control and fire destruction systems as part of the individual combat equipment of servicemen.

One of the constituent elements of the fire destruction system, which is part of the combat equipment of military personnel, are infantry flamethrowers, which are among the means with high mobility, minimum time to open fire, reliability and ease of combat use.

An analysis of the combat operations of flamethrower units during the counterterrorist operation in the North Caucasus showed the need to intensify efforts to complete a number of R&D aimed at developing new infantry flamethrowers. As a result, in the period from 2000 to 2004, six new models were developed, passed state tests, and put into service, including: a small-sized jet flamethrower MPO-A (Z, D) in thermobaric, incendiary and smoke equipment;

light infantry flamethrower LPO-97;

jet infantry flamethrower (SPO);

jet infantry flamethrower of increased range and power RPO-PDM-A.

However, along with the positive aspects of the development of the above flamethrowers associated with an increase in the combat effectiveness of flamethrower units, it should be noted that the range of infantry flamethrowers is unnecessarily expanded and needs to be clarified.

In addition, as a result of research on tactical-special exercises of flamethrower units, carried out using new samples1, a number of technical shortcomings were identified that require immediate elimination. The main ones are: incomplete implementation of the energy potential and aerosol generating capacity in flamethrowers designs of smoke and incendiary action, used to equip fire mixtures and pyrotechnic compositions;

the low level of unification of samples in terms of components and raw materials, which leads to their high cost, limits the possibility . et al. Results of military-scientific support of battalion tactical-special flamethrower units with live firing. Volsk-18: 33 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, 2004.

PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF INFANTRY FLAMETHROWERS of mass production in sufficient quantities and, as a result, delivery to the troops.

The increased range of infantry flamethrowers has significantly complicated the justification of the optimal composition of the ammunition load, the organization of training troops on the use of new models.

As a direction for solving this problem, the implementation of a systematic transition to a system of infantry flamethrowers of a new generation, based primarily on the implementation of the principles of unification and modernization of existing samples, is considered. Wherein great attention focuses on the issues of ensuring the safety of firing from grenade launchers and flamethrower-incendiary weapons, especially from confined spaces. In accordance with the provisions of the Army Ergonomics Manual2, the main factor that has a harmful effect on the flamethrower when firing is peak overpressure. According to the level of peak overpressure formed at the firing position at the moment of firing, existing flamethrowers are divided into assault flamethrowers, which ensure the safety of firing from confined spaces, and reactive infantry, designed to fire only in open areas.

Based on the foregoing, the division of flamethrowers into subgroups (subsystems) according to the level of harmful influencing factors is proposed to be considered as one of the main requirements for a promising system of flamethrower-incendiary melee weapons.

The relevance of conducting research aimed at improving the system of flamethrower and incendiary weapons is confirmed by the provisions of the "Concept for the development of combat equipment for military personnel of the main military specialties of the Land and Airborne Troops for the period up to 2016”3 and “Concepts for the development and combat use of close combat grenade launchers and rocket-propelled infantry flamethrowers until 2020”4.

To bring infantry flamethrowers in line with the requirements of the above documents, it is proposed to transfer all types of infantry flamethrowers to two main calibers (72.5 mm - for flamethrowers intended for firing in urban combat;

90 mm - for flamethrowers with increased combat characteristics used in open areas);

On July 18, the 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation turns 80 years old. The research carried out in this scientific center has always been and is of great importance for ensuring the country's defense capability, equipping the troops and fleet forces with modern weapons and means of radiation, chemical and biological protection. On the eve of the anniversary, Colonel Sergei KUKHOTKIN, head of the institute, became our interlocutor.

- Sergey Vladimirovich, what caused the creation of the Institute?
- First of all, the nature of the First World War, on the fields of which weapons of mass destruction - chemical weapons - were used for the first time. The total losses of the warring parties from their defeat amounted to about a million people. Much attention was paid to both this weapon and the means of protection against it in all countries after the war. The USSR was no exception. Back in the early 1920s in the depths of the country, in the little-known Shikhany Saratov region the so-called aerochemical station was created, for which the name "Tomka" was assigned. The Germans actively participated in the creation of this station, because defeated Germany was forbidden to conduct relevant research on its territory. Tomka was abolished in 1933. All of its buildings, transport and equipment were inherited by the Central Military Chemical Test Site, which was formed in the neighborhood.
In the same twenties of the last century, it became clear that only a test site was not enough, a research institution of a high scientific level was needed. And it was created in Moscow in 1928, having received the name of the Institute of Chemical Defense named after Osoaviakhim. Now, decades later, it should be noted: the institute was created with the combined funds of Osoaviakhim, the All-Russian Central Council of Trade Unions, Tsentrosoyuz, Selkhozbank and Prombank, so to speak, on a joint basis. Everyone, including those outside the Red Army, realized that if weapons and reliable means of chemical protection were not developed that would meet the capabilities of the century, then the country would not feel safe.

Business card
After graduating from the Tambov Higher Military School of Chemical Defense, Sergey Kukhotkin commanded a platoon and a company. Then, having successfully graduated from the Military Academy of Chemical Defense named after Marshal of the Soviet Union S.K. Timoshenko, was appointed to the 33rd Central Research Institute, where he passed all positions from junior researcher to head of the institute. Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor. He was awarded the Orders of Honor, "For Military Merit", the medal "For Military Merit".

- And how did the institute end up in Shikhany?
- In the capital, on Bogorodsky-Kollezhsky Val Street, not far from Preobrazhenskaya Square, the institute was located until 1961. In that year, a decision was made to transfer it to Shikhany and merge it with the Central Military Chemical Test Site. Now in Moscow, in its place is the Institute of Pure Chemical Reagents of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
- Relocation of some educational institutions, research institutions from the capital is typical for our days. How did the move affect your institution?
- The move was painful. Only a fifth of the employees agreed to leave Moscow. Among those who left for Shikhany, there was not a single doctor of sciences.
But time convinced: the relocation of the institute to where long years functioning landfill was justified. In the new place, in essence, a new research institution was also created. The scientific potential of the institute was soon restored. As well as cooperation ties in the field of research with the Military Academy of Chemical Defense, other structures of the military department and the military-industrial complex, and specialized metropolitan universities. They took on new forms.
A material and technical base corresponding to the level of research was also created.
In this regard, on the eve of the anniversary, we gratefully recall the head of the institute of that time, Major General V.T. Zolotar. Initiative and active, he did a lot to restore what is inevitably lost during relocation. A serious scientific school in the new place was formed thanks to N.S. Antonov, L.A. Degtyarev, A.D. Kuntsevich, R.F. Razuvanov, N.I. Alimov. They were both skillful organizers and luminaries in the field of military chemistry. And not only the military.
- But back to the roots. During the Great Patriotic War, the Nazis did not dare to use sending substances. What did the institute do during the war?
- When analyzing the reasons that did not allow the Wehrmacht to use the large stocks of chemical weapons that it possessed, I would also mention the same Tomka. The Germans knew well what the Soviet Union had, they saw what attention was paid to chemical protection in the Red Army and among the civilian population, and they understood that they would not receive strategic advantages by using poisonous substances. There were, of course, other equally good reasons for them to abandon chemical attacks.
The institute, which was located in Tashkent from 1941 to 1943, was engaged in the same thing: the search for reliable methods of protection against chemical weapons. And in parallel with the creation of new incendiary mixtures and compositions, the means of their use - jet flamethrowers. A flamethrower for the T-34 and KV tanks, a knapsack flamethrower for the infantry, a high-explosive flamethrower, anti-tank incendiary bottles and corresponding aviation ampoules - all this was created and tested by the institute. It has been documented that more than 3,200 enemy tanks and assault guns were destroyed by flamethrower weapons during the Great Patriotic War.
The search continued in the field of chemical weapons - pouring aviation devices, chemical projectiles and bombs, gas cannons. Let me remind you that the multiple launch rocket system, the famous Katyusha, was originally developed for military chemistry. Shells for her in chemical equipment were tested in Shikhany.
Few people know that in 1942, in the same place, in Shikhany, under the auspices of the institute, tests were carried out on the so-called chemical tank, capable of creating clouds of toxic substances over the battlefield. Just in case, the institute also developed an armor-piercing projectile in chemical equipment, capable of incapacitating a tank crew with a guarantee.
During the Great Patriotic War, a military chemical reconnaissance device was created with indicator tubes for all known agents, a mortar for throwing smoke bombs, effective equipment for aerosol, that is, smoke masking of crossings and industrial facilities ... I can’t list everything. Yes, and there is no need for that. It is important to emphasize once again: the enemy did not dare to use chemical weapons, because the answer would have been, as they say now, adequate.
- Sergey Vladimirovich, did the institute solve only defense tasks?
- Of course no. Therefore, he was awarded both the Order of the Red Banner of War, as well as the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
The range of research on military topics has never been limited. Suffice it to recall Major-General-Engineer Ivan Ludwigovich Knunyants, head of the institute in the post-war years, academician. The whole world remembers him as the founder of a serious scientific school of organofluorines. He set the tone in the development of industrial methods for the synthesis of new monomers, heat-resistant polymers, and a number of drugs. His achievements in science were marked by the Lenin Prize and three State Prizes.
It is possible to cite the names of other employees of the institute, who left a deep mark in the fundamental and applied sciences, who influenced production technologies with their discoveries. Three heads of the institute I.P. Knunyants, L.A. Degtyarev and A.D. Kuntsevich was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.
- What is the institute doing now?
- He is the head of the Ministry of Defense on the problems of radiation, chemical and biological protection. The concept of “protection” most fully and succinctly defines our purpose and calling in the new century.
We conduct research and testing in the interests of all branches of the Armed Forces and branches of service, starting with the technical means of radiation, chemical and military non-specific biological reconnaissance, operation and repair of the corresponding weapons and equipment, and ending with military standardization and metrological support. The range of our tasks in last years not reduced, but expanded, the number of experimental design and complex research work on orders from the government, the military department has increased. Today we are increasingly engaged in what used to be the prerogative of only industry and academic science. Every year we carry out about 100 - 120 research projects. Over the past five years, we have received 60 patents for inventions and utility models. At international exhibitions, the developments of the institute were awarded 5 gold, 7 silver medals and 2 special prizes.
According to the results of 2007, the 33rd Central Research and Testing Institute was declared the best scientific organization of the military department by the order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation. We are proud of it, but it obliges us to many things.
Taking this opportunity, I would like to especially note the work of our best employees: Professors Vladislav Fedorov, Eduard Shatalov, Doctors of Chemical Sciences Alexander Sorokin, Viktor Karpov, Candidate of Chemical Sciences Colonel Igor Ivashev. They worthily continue and develop the work of an outstanding constellation of domestic military chemists of the past.
- Are you satisfied with your research base?
- I believe that more than 100 doctors and candidates of sciences have everything necessary for fruitful work: 40 laboratories and laboratory complexes allow us to invade almost all subsections of chemistry in the dynamics of research, reinforce them with a search in the field of theoretical and experimental physics, applied mathematics, materials science, biochemistry, physiology, metrology, informatics. And not only them. Satisfies us and the field test base. We can, with a guaranteed degree of safety and reliability, conduct unique full-scale experiments with all toxic elements and highly toxic substances within the framework of what is permitted by the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Use of Chemical Weapons and Their Destruction. There is no such base anywhere else in Russia.
- The institute, Sergey Vladimirovich, is located in a picturesque place...
- It's true. For many, the expression "chemical test site" apparently causes a shudder. But neither we nor our predecessors destroyed this amazing natural area in 80 years. On the contrary, thanks to the polygon status, it has been preserved pristine.
Shikhany is a clean, well-groomed town, where residents have all the conditions to work, raise and educate children, and improve themselves professionally. One of the sights of Shikhan is the museum-estate of Count V.V. Orlov-Denisov. We cherish the Grafsky Park with a cascade of ponds in which swans and wild ducks swim...
The past blends seamlessly with the present. This year the monument was reconstructed Eternal flame". The names of all the Shikhanians who died defending the Fatherland are imprinted on the steles.
In recent years, the tasks of the institute with an 80-year history have been transformed, acquiring a new direction and content, but devotion to duty, tireless scientific search for the sake of the country's security remain unchanged for its employees.